Flexible pressure sensors are unprecedentedly studied on monitoring human physical activities and robotics.Simultaneously,improving the response sensitivity and sensing range of flexible pressure sensors is a great ch...Flexible pressure sensors are unprecedentedly studied on monitoring human physical activities and robotics.Simultaneously,improving the response sensitivity and sensing range of flexible pressure sensors is a great challenge,which hinders the devices’practical application.Targeting this obstacle,we developed a Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-derived iontronic pressure sensor(TIPS)by taking the advantages of the high intercalation pseudocapacitance under high pressure and rationally designed structural configuration.TIPS achieved an ultrahigh sen-sitivity(S_(min)>200 kPa^(−1),S_(max)>45,000 kPa^(−1))in a broad sensing range of over 1.4 MPa and low limit of detection of 20 Pa as well as stable long-term working durability for 10,000 cycles.The practical application of TIPS in physical activity monitoring and flexible robot manifested its versatile potential.This study provides a demonstration for exploring pseudocapacitive materials for building flexible iontronic sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity and sensing range to advance the development of high-performance wearable electronics.展开更多
Traditional Chinese red sufu is a popular condiment,and typical flavor is an important indicator of sensory qualities in commercial products.In this study,the volatile aroma analysis of Wangzhihe red sufu(WRS)from dif...Traditional Chinese red sufu is a popular condiment,and typical flavor is an important indicator of sensory qualities in commercial products.In this study,the volatile aroma analysis of Wangzhihe red sufu(WRS)from different fermentation stages and four typical red sufu products from different locations was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC–MS),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactory(GC–MS/O),electronic nose(E-nose)and sensory evaluation.Results showed that 106 volatile compounds were identified in Wangzhihe red sufu during fermentation process,in which phenolics and alcohols were dominant at molded and salted phetze stages,while esters and alcohols became predominate at post-fermentation stage.The volatile aroma substances varied at each fermentation stage.Furthermore,86 volatiles,including 16 aroma-active compounds,were detected in four typical red sufu products.The multivariate analysis results showed the difference in samples from different fermentation stages and typical red sufu products according to GC–MS and E-nose analysis.Combined with flavor omics,discriminant model was established for effective discrimination of samples from different fermentation stages and locations,as well as references to sufu maturity extent.The study presented a new strategy for quality evaluation of red sufu,which could be the supplement to quality evaluation standards.展开更多
This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary oregano essential oils on 150 30-week-old Hy-Line Layers’ productive performance, egg quality characteristics, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activiti...This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary oregano essential oils on 150 30-week-old Hy-Line Layers’ productive performance, egg quality characteristics, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activities, mucosa structure of the duodenum and jejunum and glucose and small peptides transporters expression in the duodenum and jejunum. All hens were allocated into one of five different groups: negative control (NC;basal diet only), antibiotics control (CS;basal diet plus 100 mg/kg of 10% colistin sulfate) and treatments I, II, and III (basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg oregano essential oils, respectively). The results showed that the laying rate, average egg weight, feed conversion ratio and the activities of amylase and trypsin were significantly improved by a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg oregano essential oils (P 0.05), significantly increased duodenum villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratios (P 0.05).展开更多
As wind and photovoltaic energy become more prevalent,the optimization of power systems is becoming increasingly crucial.The current state of research in renewable generation and power forecasting technology,such as w...As wind and photovoltaic energy become more prevalent,the optimization of power systems is becoming increasingly crucial.The current state of research in renewable generation and power forecasting technology,such as wind and photovoltaic power(PV),is described in this paper,with a focus on the ensemble sequential LSTMs approach with optimized hidden-layers topology for short-term multivariable wind power forecasting.The methods for forecasting wind power and PV production.The physical model,statistical learningmethod,andmachine learning approaches based on historical data are all evaluated for the forecasting of wind power and PV production.Moreover,the experiments demonstrated that cloud map identification has a significant impact on PV generation.With a focus on the impact of photovoltaic and wind power generation systems on power grid operation and its causes,this paper summarizes the classification of wind power and PV generation systems,as well as the benefits and drawbacks of PV systems and wind power forecasting methods based on various typologies and analysis methods.展开更多
No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder(MDD).Vitamin D-binding protein(VDBP)is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)tissues...No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder(MDD).Vitamin D-binding protein(VDBP)is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)tissues of MDD patients.Thereby,the role of VDBP as a potential biomarker of MDD diagnosis was further assessed.Total extracellular vesicles(EVs)and brain cell-derived EVs(BCDEVs)were isolated from the plasma of first-episode drug-naïve or drug-free MDD patients and well-matched healthy controls(HCs)in discovery(20 MDD patients and 20 HCs)and validation cohorts(88 MDD patients and 38 HCs).VDBP level in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)from chronic glucocorticoid-induced depressed rhesus macaques or prelimbic cortex from lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depressed mice and wild control groups was measured to evaluate its relationship with VDBP in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles(MDEVs).VDBP was significantly decreased in MDD plasma MDEVs compared to HCs,and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score with the highest diagnostic accuracy among BCDEVs.VDBP in plasma MDEVs was decreased both in depressed rhesus macaques and mice.A positive correlation of VDBP in MDEVs with that in CSF was detected in depressed rhesus macaques.VDBP levels in prelimbic cortex microglia were negatively correlated with those in plasma MDEVs in depressed mice.The main results suggested that VDBP in plasma MDEVs might serve as a prospective candidate biomarker for MDD diagnosis.展开更多
Jiawei Xiaoyao San(JWXYS)has shown excellent clinical efficacy in anxiety disorder,but has not yet attracted widespread attention.The animal experiments,clinical trials and mechanism studies of JWXYS were reviewed in ...Jiawei Xiaoyao San(JWXYS)has shown excellent clinical efficacy in anxiety disorder,but has not yet attracted widespread attention.The animal experiments,clinical trials and mechanism studies of JWXYS were reviewed in this article,which may provide a reference for developing new anxiolytic drugs based on this prescription.The literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI and the documents written in English or with English abstracts were selected.JWXYS could reduce the anxiety symptoms of patients alone and reduce the adverse reactions when it is used in combination with other drugs in the clinic.In preclinical studies,JWXYS also showed therapeutic effects in reducing anxiety-like behavior.The mechanisms may include improving the hypothalamic–pituitaryadrenal(HPA)axis and hormone disorders,increasing neurotransmitter content,neurogenesis,and regulating the synthesis of related enzymes.This article shows that JWXYS could effectively treat anxiety disorders by regulating the central nervous system.In the future,with the participation of more researchers,it is expected to develop innovative drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders based on JWXYS.展开更多
The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor(HUBS) is a proposed space-based X-ray telescope for detecting X-ray emissions from the hot gas content in our universe. With its unprecedented spatially-resolved high-resolution spectr...The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor(HUBS) is a proposed space-based X-ray telescope for detecting X-ray emissions from the hot gas content in our universe. With its unprecedented spatially-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy and large field of view,the HUBS mission will be uniquely qualified to measure the physical and chemical properties of the hot gas in the interstellar medium, the circumgalactic medium, the intergalactic medium, and the intracluster medium. These measurements will be valuable for two key scientific goals of HUBS, namely to unravel the AGN and stellar feedback physics that governs the formation and evolution of galaxies, and to probe the baryon budget and multi-phase states from galactic to cosmological scales. In addition to these two goals, the HUBS mission will also help us solve some problems in the fields of galaxy clusters, AGNs, difuse X-ray backgrounds, supernova remnants, and compact objects. This paper discusses the perspective of advancing these fields using the HUBS telescope.展开更多
Melanocytes derived from neural crest cells harbor the BRAFV600E mutation,which is the predominant driver of nevus formation in humans.This mutation leads to malignant cell proliferation and subsequent cell cycle arre...Melanocytes derived from neural crest cells harbor the BRAFV600E mutation,which is the predominant driver of nevus formation in humans.This mutation leads to malignant cell proliferation and subsequent cell cycle arrest,culminating in oncogene-induced senescence and nevus development.Nevertheless,emerging evidence has highlighted the heterogeneity of cellular senescence markers in BRAFV600E-induced senescent melanocytes.Moreover,the capacity of melanocytes within nevi to regain their proliferative ability raises questions about the molecular mechanisms by which BRAFV600E,via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,triggers nevus formation.This study provides an overview and discussion of the molecular mechanisms underpinning BRAFV600E-induced melanocyte nevus formation and the relevant animal models employed for their elucidation.It also highlights the significance of elucidating dynamic changes in cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates that interact with phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 and underscores the value of using targeted BRAFV600E animal models created through gene editing technologies.展开更多
Superthin galaxies are observed to have stellar disks with extremely small minor-to-major axis ratios.In this work,we investigate the formation of superthin galaxies in the TNG100 simulation.We trace the merger histor...Superthin galaxies are observed to have stellar disks with extremely small minor-to-major axis ratios.In this work,we investigate the formation of superthin galaxies in the TNG100 simulation.We trace the merger history and investigate the evolution of galaxy properties of a selected sample of superthin galaxies and a control sample of galaxies that share the same joint probability distribution in the stellar-mass and color diagram.Through making comparisons between the two galaxy samples,we find that present-day superthin galaxies had similar morphologies as the control sample counterparts at higher redshifts,but have developed extended flat“superthin”morphologies since z~1.During this latter evolution stage,superthin galaxies undergo an overwhelmingly higher frequency of prograde mergers(with orbit-spin angleθ_(orb)≤40°).Accordingly the spins of their dark matter halos have grown significantly and become noticeably higher than those of their normal disk counterparts.This further results in the buildup of their stellar disks at larger distances much beyond the regimes of normal disk galaxies.We also discuss the formation scenario of those superthin galaxies that live in larger dark matter halos as satellite galaxies therein.展开更多
p53 is a key tumor suppressor,and loss of p53 function is frequently a prerequisite for cancer development.The p53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers;p53 mutations occur in>50%of all human ca...p53 is a key tumor suppressor,and loss of p53 function is frequently a prerequisite for cancer development.The p53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers;p53 mutations occur in>50%of all human cancers and in almost every type of human cancers.Most of p53 mutations in cancers are missense mutations,which produce the full-length mutant p53(mutp53)protein with only one amino acid difference from wild-type p53 protein.In addition to loss of the tumor-suppressive function of wild-type p53,many mutp53 proteins acquire new oncogenic activities independently of wild-type p53 to promote cancer progression,termed gain-of-function(GOF).Mutp53 protein often accumulates to very high levels in cancer cells,which is critical for its GOF.Given the high mutation frequency of the p53 gene and the GOF activities of mutp53 in cancer,therapies targeting mutp53 have attracted great interest.Further understanding the mechanisms underlying mutp53 protein accumulation and GOF will help develop effective therapies treating human cancers containing mutp53.In this review,we summarize the recent advances in the studies on mutp53 regulation and GOF as well as therapies targeting mutp53 in human cancers.展开更多
Dear Editor,Microbes play important roles in various symbiotic systems(Douglas,2015;Xing et al.,2017;Zhu and Wu,2016;Xu et al.,2016a).In the symbiosis formed by bark beetles and microbial associates,beetles formed sym...Dear Editor,Microbes play important roles in various symbiotic systems(Douglas,2015;Xing et al.,2017;Zhu and Wu,2016;Xu et al.,2016a).In the symbiosis formed by bark beetles and microbial associates,beetles formed symbiotic relationships with some fungi including mutualistic and antagonistic ones(Cheng et al.,2015;Lu et al.,2016;Scott et al.,2008),and these interactions,indirectly affected by a third or even fourth participator in a community context,may change from antagonistic ones to mutualistic ones.For example,associated bacterial volatiles can alleviate antagonistic展开更多
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intracellular pathogens. However, the role andmechanism of the important lncRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection remain largely ...Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intracellular pathogens. However, the role andmechanism of the important lncRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection remain largely unexplored. Recently, we foundthat a secreted M.tb Rv1579c (an early secreted target with a molecular weight of 12 kDa, named EST12) protein activates NLRP3-gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and plays a pivotal role in M.tb-induced immunity. In the present study, M.tb and theEST12 protein negatively regulated the expression of a key lncRNA (named lnc-EST12) in mouse macrophages by activating theJAK2-STAT5a signaling pathway. Lnc-EST12, with a size of 1583 bp, is mainly expressed in immune-related organs (liver, lung andspleen). Lnc-EST12 not only reduces the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL5/8 but also suppressesthe NLRP3 inflammasome and GSDMD pyroptosis-IL-1β immune pathway through its interaction with the transcription factor farupstream element-binding protein 3 (FUBP3). The KH3 and KH4 domains of FUBP3 are the critical sites for binding to lnc-EST12.Deficiency of mouse lnc-EST12 or FUBP3 in macrophages increased M.tb clearance and inflammation in mouse macrophages ormice. In conclusion, we report a new immunoregulatory mechanism in which mouse lnc-EST12 negatively regulates anti-M.tbinnate immunity through FUBP3.展开更多
The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticate is an important agricultural pest worldwide.It is extremely polyphagous and has developed resistance to many pesticides.Here,we assessed the pesticide resistance of sev...The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticate is an important agricultural pest worldwide.It is extremely polyphagous and has developed resistance to many pesticides.Here,we assessed the pesticide resistance of seven field populations of T.urticae in China,their target site mutations and the activities of their detoxification enzymes.The results showed that abamectin and the traditional pesticides pyridaben,profenofos and bifenthrin had higher resistance or lower toxicity than more recently developed pesticides including chlorfenapyr,spinetoram,cyflumetofen,cyenopyrafen,bifenazate and B-azolemiteacrylic.The frequency of point mutations related to abamectin resistance,G314D in the glutamate-gated chloride channel 1(GluCl1)and G326E in GluC13,ranged 47%-70%and 0%-97%,respectively.The frequency of point mutations in A1215D and F1538I of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene(VGSC),which may increase resistance to pyrethroids,ranged 88%-100%and 10%-100%,respectively.For target sites related to organophosphate resistance,mutation frequencies ranged 25%-92%for G119S and 0%-23%for A201S in the acetycholinesterase gene(Ace).Mutation G126S in the bifenazate resistance-related cytochrome b gene(Cytb)was observed in three of the seven T.urticae populations.Higher activities of detoxification enzymes(P450,GST,CarEs and UGTs)were observed in two T.urticae populations,with significant difference in the XY-SX population.These results provide useful information on the status of pesticide resistance of T.urticae in China and suggest that T.urticae field populations may have multiple resistance mechanisms.展开更多
Based on the concept of constitutive relation error along with the residual of both origin and dual problems, a goal-oriented error estimation method with extended degrees of freedom is developed in this paper. It lea...Based on the concept of constitutive relation error along with the residual of both origin and dual problems, a goal-oriented error estimation method with extended degrees of freedom is developed in this paper. It leads to high quality local error bounds in the problem of fracture mechanics simulation with extended finite element method (XFEM), which involves enrichment to solve a stress singularity in the crack. Since goal-oriented error estimation with enriched degrees of freedom gives us a chance to evaluate the XFEM simulation, the stress intensity factor calculated by two kinds of XFEM programs developed by ourselves and by commercial code ABAQUS are compared in this work. By comparing the reliability of the stress intensity factor calculation, the accuracy of two programs in different cases is evaluated and the source of error is discussed. A 2-dimensional XFEM example is given to illustrate the computational procedure.展开更多
Monitoring biophysical signals such as body or organ movements and other physical phenomena is necessary for patient rehabilitation.However,stretchable flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a broad range...Monitoring biophysical signals such as body or organ movements and other physical phenomena is necessary for patient rehabilitation.However,stretchable flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a broad range that can meet these requirements are still lacking.Herein,we successfully monitored various vital biophysical features and implemented in-sensor dynamic deep learning for knee rehabilitation using an ultrabroad linear range and highsensitivity stretchable iontronic pressure sensor(SIPS).We optimized the topological structure and material composition of the electrode to build a fully stretching on-skin sensor.The high sensitivity(12.43 kPa^(−1)),ultrabroad linear sensing range(1 MPa),high pressure resolution(6.4 Pa),long-term durability(no decay after 12000 cycles),and excellent stretchability(up to 20%)allow the sensor to maintain operating stability,even in emergency cases with a high sudden impact force(near 1 MPa)applied to the sensor.As a practical demonstration,the SIPS can positively track biophysical signals such as pulse waves,muscle movements,and plantar pressure.Importantly,with the help of a neuro-inspired fully convolutional network algorithm,the SIPS can accurately predict knee joint postures for better rehabilitation after orthopedic surgery.Our SIPS has potential as a promising candidate for wearable electronics and artificial intelligent medical engineering owing to its unique high signal-to-noise ratio and ultrabroad linear range.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a powerful sensing technique capable of capturing ultrasensitive fingerprint signal of analytes with extremely low concentration.However,conventional SERS probes are passive...Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a powerful sensing technique capable of capturing ultrasensitive fingerprint signal of analytes with extremely low concentration.However,conventional SERS probes are passive nanoparticles which are usually massively applied for biochemical sensing,lacking controllability and adaptability for precise and targeted sensing at a small scale.Herein,we report a“rod-like”magnetic nanomotor-based SERS probe(MNM-SP)that integrates a mobile and controllable platform of micro-/nanomotors with a SERS sensing technique.The“rod-like”structure is prepared by coating a thin layer of silica onto the self-assembled magnetic nanoparticles.Afterwards,SERS hotspots of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)are decorated as detecting nanoprobes.The MNM-SPs can be navigated on-demand to avoid obstacles and target sensing sites by the guidance of an external gradient magnetic field.Through applying a rotating magnetic field,the MNM-SPs can actively rotate to efficiently stir and mix surrounding fluid and thus contact with analytes quickly for SERS sensing.Innovatively,we demonstrate the self-cleaning capability of the MNM-SPs which can be used to overcome the contamination problem of traditional single-use SERS probes.Furthermore,the MNM-SPs could precisely approach the targeted single cell and then enter into the cell by endocytosis.It is worth mentioning that by the effective mixing of intracellular biocomponents,much more informative Raman signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio can be captured after active rotation.Therefore,the demonstrated magnetically activated MNM-SPs that are endowed with SERS sensing capability pave way to the future development of smart sensing probes with maneuverability for biochemical analysis at the micro-/nanoscale.展开更多
Fracking is one of the kernel technologies in the remarkable shale gas revolution. The extended finite element method is used in this paper to numerically investigate the interaction between hydraulic and natural frac...Fracking is one of the kernel technologies in the remarkable shale gas revolution. The extended finite element method is used in this paper to numerically investigate the interaction between hydraulic and natural fractures, which is an important issue of the enigmatic fracture network formation in fracking. The criteria which control the opening of natural fracture and crossing of hydraulic fracture are tentatively presented. Influence factors on the interaction process are systematically analyzed, which include the approach angle, anisotropy of in-situ stress and fluid pressure profile.展开更多
The finite element method (FEM) is one of the most popular and efficient methods for computational modeling in scientific research and engineering [1-3]. To expand its application to more complex problems, lots of new...The finite element method (FEM) is one of the most popular and efficient methods for computational modeling in scientific research and engineering [1-3]. To expand its application to more complex problems, lots of new FEM-based methods have been developed in recent decades. One major achievement is the significantly improvement on the flexibility展开更多
基金These authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the project from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61904141)the funding of Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2020JQ-295)+4 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M673340)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JB210407)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2020GY-252No.2021GY-277)National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics(HTKJ2019KL510007).
文摘Flexible pressure sensors are unprecedentedly studied on monitoring human physical activities and robotics.Simultaneously,improving the response sensitivity and sensing range of flexible pressure sensors is a great challenge,which hinders the devices’practical application.Targeting this obstacle,we developed a Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-derived iontronic pressure sensor(TIPS)by taking the advantages of the high intercalation pseudocapacitance under high pressure and rationally designed structural configuration.TIPS achieved an ultrahigh sen-sitivity(S_(min)>200 kPa^(−1),S_(max)>45,000 kPa^(−1))in a broad sensing range of over 1.4 MPa and low limit of detection of 20 Pa as well as stable long-term working durability for 10,000 cycles.The practical application of TIPS in physical activity monitoring and flexible robot manifested its versatile potential.This study provides a demonstration for exploring pseudocapacitive materials for building flexible iontronic sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity and sensing range to advance the development of high-performance wearable electronics.
基金the National Key R&D program of China(2016YFD0400500)Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation(2018-ZZ-120)Chinese Academy of Engineering Project(2018-XY-28).
文摘Traditional Chinese red sufu is a popular condiment,and typical flavor is an important indicator of sensory qualities in commercial products.In this study,the volatile aroma analysis of Wangzhihe red sufu(WRS)from different fermentation stages and four typical red sufu products from different locations was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC–MS),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactory(GC–MS/O),electronic nose(E-nose)and sensory evaluation.Results showed that 106 volatile compounds were identified in Wangzhihe red sufu during fermentation process,in which phenolics and alcohols were dominant at molded and salted phetze stages,while esters and alcohols became predominate at post-fermentation stage.The volatile aroma substances varied at each fermentation stage.Furthermore,86 volatiles,including 16 aroma-active compounds,were detected in four typical red sufu products.The multivariate analysis results showed the difference in samples from different fermentation stages and typical red sufu products according to GC–MS and E-nose analysis.Combined with flavor omics,discriminant model was established for effective discrimination of samples from different fermentation stages and locations,as well as references to sufu maturity extent.The study presented a new strategy for quality evaluation of red sufu,which could be the supplement to quality evaluation standards.
文摘This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary oregano essential oils on 150 30-week-old Hy-Line Layers’ productive performance, egg quality characteristics, cecal microbiota, digestive enzyme activities, mucosa structure of the duodenum and jejunum and glucose and small peptides transporters expression in the duodenum and jejunum. All hens were allocated into one of five different groups: negative control (NC;basal diet only), antibiotics control (CS;basal diet plus 100 mg/kg of 10% colistin sulfate) and treatments I, II, and III (basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg oregano essential oils, respectively). The results showed that the laying rate, average egg weight, feed conversion ratio and the activities of amylase and trypsin were significantly improved by a diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg oregano essential oils (P 0.05), significantly increased duodenum villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratios (P 0.05).
基金This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61806087,61902158).
文摘As wind and photovoltaic energy become more prevalent,the optimization of power systems is becoming increasingly crucial.The current state of research in renewable generation and power forecasting technology,such as wind and photovoltaic power(PV),is described in this paper,with a focus on the ensemble sequential LSTMs approach with optimized hidden-layers topology for short-term multivariable wind power forecasting.The methods for forecasting wind power and PV production.The physical model,statistical learningmethod,andmachine learning approaches based on historical data are all evaluated for the forecasting of wind power and PV production.Moreover,the experiments demonstrated that cloud map identification has a significant impact on PV generation.With a focus on the impact of photovoltaic and wind power generation systems on power grid operation and its causes,this paper summarizes the classification of wind power and PV generation systems,as well as the benefits and drawbacks of PV systems and wind power forecasting methods based on various typologies and analysis methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Key Foundation of China(No.81830040 and 82130042 to ZJ Zhang)China Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project(China)(No.2022ZD0211701,2022ZD0211700 and 2021ZD0200700 to ZJ Zhang)+2 种基金Science and Technology Program of Guangdong,China(No.2018B030334001 to ZJ Zhang)Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen,China(No.GJHZ20210705141400002,KCXFZ20211020164543006,JCYJ20220818101615033 and ZDSYS20220606100606014 to ZJ Zhang)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A6005 to ZQM).
文摘No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder(MDD).Vitamin D-binding protein(VDBP)is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)tissues of MDD patients.Thereby,the role of VDBP as a potential biomarker of MDD diagnosis was further assessed.Total extracellular vesicles(EVs)and brain cell-derived EVs(BCDEVs)were isolated from the plasma of first-episode drug-naïve or drug-free MDD patients and well-matched healthy controls(HCs)in discovery(20 MDD patients and 20 HCs)and validation cohorts(88 MDD patients and 38 HCs).VDBP level in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)from chronic glucocorticoid-induced depressed rhesus macaques or prelimbic cortex from lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced depressed mice and wild control groups was measured to evaluate its relationship with VDBP in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles(MDEVs).VDBP was significantly decreased in MDD plasma MDEVs compared to HCs,and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score with the highest diagnostic accuracy among BCDEVs.VDBP in plasma MDEVs was decreased both in depressed rhesus macaques and mice.A positive correlation of VDBP in MDEVs with that in CSF was detected in depressed rhesus macaques.VDBP levels in prelimbic cortex microglia were negatively correlated with those in plasma MDEVs in depressed mice.The main results suggested that VDBP in plasma MDEVs might serve as a prospective candidate biomarker for MDD diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173541).
文摘Jiawei Xiaoyao San(JWXYS)has shown excellent clinical efficacy in anxiety disorder,but has not yet attracted widespread attention.The animal experiments,clinical trials and mechanism studies of JWXYS were reviewed in this article,which may provide a reference for developing new anxiolytic drugs based on this prescription.The literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI and the documents written in English or with English abstracts were selected.JWXYS could reduce the anxiety symptoms of patients alone and reduce the adverse reactions when it is used in combination with other drugs in the clinic.In preclinical studies,JWXYS also showed therapeutic effects in reducing anxiety-like behavior.The mechanisms may include improving the hypothalamic–pituitaryadrenal(HPA)axis and hormone disorders,increasing neurotransmitter content,neurogenesis,and regulating the synthesis of related enzymes.This article shows that JWXYS could effectively treat anxiety disorders by regulating the central nervous system.In the future,with the participation of more researchers,it is expected to develop innovative drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders based on JWXYS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11721303, 11821303, 11825303, 11873029, 11890693, 11973033, 11991052, 12025303, 12033004, 12041301, 12121003, 12133008, 12173018, 12192220, 12192223, 12221003, 12233001, 12233005, 12273010, 12273030, 12273057, 12011540375, and U1931140)the China Manned Space Project (Grant Nos. CMS-CSST-2021-A04, CMS-CSST-2021-A06, CMS-CSST-2021-A10, and CMS-CSST-2021-B02)+5 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China through its National Key R&D Program (Grant No. 2018YFA0404502)the National SKA Program of China (Grant No. 2020SKA0120300)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1602903)the Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Teams from Hubei colleges and universities (Grant No. T2021026)the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province, the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. AST-2107735, and AST-2219686)NASA (Grant No. 80NSSC22K0668)。
文摘The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor(HUBS) is a proposed space-based X-ray telescope for detecting X-ray emissions from the hot gas content in our universe. With its unprecedented spatially-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy and large field of view,the HUBS mission will be uniquely qualified to measure the physical and chemical properties of the hot gas in the interstellar medium, the circumgalactic medium, the intergalactic medium, and the intracluster medium. These measurements will be valuable for two key scientific goals of HUBS, namely to unravel the AGN and stellar feedback physics that governs the formation and evolution of galaxies, and to probe the baryon budget and multi-phase states from galactic to cosmological scales. In addition to these two goals, the HUBS mission will also help us solve some problems in the fields of galaxy clusters, AGNs, difuse X-ray backgrounds, supernova remnants, and compact objects. This paper discusses the perspective of advancing these fields using the HUBS telescope.
文摘Melanocytes derived from neural crest cells harbor the BRAFV600E mutation,which is the predominant driver of nevus formation in humans.This mutation leads to malignant cell proliferation and subsequent cell cycle arrest,culminating in oncogene-induced senescence and nevus development.Nevertheless,emerging evidence has highlighted the heterogeneity of cellular senescence markers in BRAFV600E-induced senescent melanocytes.Moreover,the capacity of melanocytes within nevi to regain their proliferative ability raises questions about the molecular mechanisms by which BRAFV600E,via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,triggers nevus formation.This study provides an overview and discussion of the molecular mechanisms underpinning BRAFV600E-induced melanocyte nevus formation and the relevant animal models employed for their elucidation.It also highlights the significance of elucidating dynamic changes in cytoplasmic and nuclear substrates that interact with phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 and underscores the value of using targeted BRAFV600E animal models created through gene editing technologies.
基金supported by the National Key Research Development Program of China(grant Nos.2022YFA1602902 and 2022YFA1602903)。
文摘Superthin galaxies are observed to have stellar disks with extremely small minor-to-major axis ratios.In this work,we investigate the formation of superthin galaxies in the TNG100 simulation.We trace the merger history and investigate the evolution of galaxy properties of a selected sample of superthin galaxies and a control sample of galaxies that share the same joint probability distribution in the stellar-mass and color diagram.Through making comparisons between the two galaxy samples,we find that present-day superthin galaxies had similar morphologies as the control sample counterparts at higher redshifts,but have developed extended flat“superthin”morphologies since z~1.During this latter evolution stage,superthin galaxies undergo an overwhelmingly higher frequency of prograde mergers(with orbit-spin angleθ_(orb)≤40°).Accordingly the spins of their dark matter halos have grown significantly and become noticeably higher than those of their normal disk counterparts.This further results in the buildup of their stellar disks at larger distances much beyond the regimes of normal disk galaxies.We also discuss the formation scenario of those superthin galaxies that live in larger dark matter halos as satellite galaxies therein.
基金This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health(NIHR01CA227912 and R01CA214746)to Z.F.and grants from NIH(R01CA203965)+1 种基金Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs(CDMRPW81XWH-16-1-0358 and W81XWH1810238)to W.H.
文摘p53 is a key tumor suppressor,and loss of p53 function is frequently a prerequisite for cancer development.The p53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers;p53 mutations occur in>50%of all human cancers and in almost every type of human cancers.Most of p53 mutations in cancers are missense mutations,which produce the full-length mutant p53(mutp53)protein with only one amino acid difference from wild-type p53 protein.In addition to loss of the tumor-suppressive function of wild-type p53,many mutp53 proteins acquire new oncogenic activities independently of wild-type p53 to promote cancer progression,termed gain-of-function(GOF).Mutp53 protein often accumulates to very high levels in cancer cells,which is critical for its GOF.Given the high mutation frequency of the p53 gene and the GOF activities of mutp53 in cancer,therapies targeting mutp53 have attracted great interest.Further understanding the mechanisms underlying mutp53 protein accumulation and GOF will help develop effective therapies treating human cancers containing mutp53.In this review,we summarize the recent advances in the studies on mutp53 regulation and GOF as well as therapies targeting mutp53 in human cancers.
基金supported by Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare(201404401)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB11050000)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31222013)the State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents(ChineseIPM1 712)
文摘Dear Editor,Microbes play important roles in various symbiotic systems(Douglas,2015;Xing et al.,2017;Zhu and Wu,2016;Xu et al.,2016a).In the symbiosis formed by bark beetles and microbial associates,beetles formed symbiotic relationships with some fungi including mutualistic and antagonistic ones(Cheng et al.,2015;Lu et al.,2016;Scott et al.,2008),and these interactions,indirectly affected by a third or even fourth participator in a community context,may change from antagonistic ones to mutualistic ones.For example,associated bacterial volatiles can alleviate antagonistic
基金the Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory(ABSL-III)of the Wuhan University School of Medicine(NO.18021B)the Second Military Medical University of Shanghai(No.18002)for their help with the M.tb infection experiment+8 种基金This project was supported by grants from the National Grand Program on Key Infectious Disease of China(2017ZX10201301-006 and 2012ZX10003002-015)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0507603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91740120,22077097 and 21721005)the National Outstanding Youth Foundation of China(81025008)Hubei Province’s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader Program(523-276003)Hubei Province Key R&D Program(2020BCB020)Research and Innovation Team Project of Hubei Provincial Health Commission(WJ2021C002)the Medical Science Advancement Program(Basic Medical Sciences)of Wuhan University(TFJC 2018002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intracellular pathogens. However, the role andmechanism of the important lncRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection remain largely unexplored. Recently, we foundthat a secreted M.tb Rv1579c (an early secreted target with a molecular weight of 12 kDa, named EST12) protein activates NLRP3-gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and plays a pivotal role in M.tb-induced immunity. In the present study, M.tb and theEST12 protein negatively regulated the expression of a key lncRNA (named lnc-EST12) in mouse macrophages by activating theJAK2-STAT5a signaling pathway. Lnc-EST12, with a size of 1583 bp, is mainly expressed in immune-related organs (liver, lung andspleen). Lnc-EST12 not only reduces the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL5/8 but also suppressesthe NLRP3 inflammasome and GSDMD pyroptosis-IL-1β immune pathway through its interaction with the transcription factor farupstream element-binding protein 3 (FUBP3). The KH3 and KH4 domains of FUBP3 are the critical sites for binding to lnc-EST12.Deficiency of mouse lnc-EST12 or FUBP3 in macrophages increased M.tb clearance and inflammation in mouse macrophages ormice. In conclusion, we report a new immunoregulatory mechanism in which mouse lnc-EST12 negatively regulates anti-M.tbinnate immunity through FUBP3.
基金This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0200500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072458)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-25)the Beijing Key Laboratory for Pest Control and Sustainable Cultivation of Vegetables,and the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS).
文摘The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticate is an important agricultural pest worldwide.It is extremely polyphagous and has developed resistance to many pesticides.Here,we assessed the pesticide resistance of seven field populations of T.urticae in China,their target site mutations and the activities of their detoxification enzymes.The results showed that abamectin and the traditional pesticides pyridaben,profenofos and bifenthrin had higher resistance or lower toxicity than more recently developed pesticides including chlorfenapyr,spinetoram,cyflumetofen,cyenopyrafen,bifenazate and B-azolemiteacrylic.The frequency of point mutations related to abamectin resistance,G314D in the glutamate-gated chloride channel 1(GluCl1)and G326E in GluC13,ranged 47%-70%and 0%-97%,respectively.The frequency of point mutations in A1215D and F1538I of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene(VGSC),which may increase resistance to pyrethroids,ranged 88%-100%and 10%-100%,respectively.For target sites related to organophosphate resistance,mutation frequencies ranged 25%-92%for G119S and 0%-23%for A201S in the acetycholinesterase gene(Ace).Mutation G126S in the bifenazate resistance-related cytochrome b gene(Cytb)was observed in three of the seven T.urticae populations.Higher activities of detoxification enzymes(P450,GST,CarEs and UGTs)were observed in two T.urticae populations,with significant difference in the XY-SX population.These results provide useful information on the status of pesticide resistance of T.urticae in China and suggest that T.urticae field populations may have multiple resistance mechanisms.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10876100)
文摘Based on the concept of constitutive relation error along with the residual of both origin and dual problems, a goal-oriented error estimation method with extended degrees of freedom is developed in this paper. It leads to high quality local error bounds in the problem of fracture mechanics simulation with extended finite element method (XFEM), which involves enrichment to solve a stress singularity in the crack. Since goal-oriented error estimation with enriched degrees of freedom gives us a chance to evaluate the XFEM simulation, the stress intensity factor calculated by two kinds of XFEM programs developed by ourselves and by commercial code ABAQUS are compared in this work. By comparing the reliability of the stress intensity factor calculation, the accuracy of two programs in different cases is evaluated and the source of error is discussed. A 2-dimensional XFEM example is given to illustrate the computational procedure.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61904141)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2020JQ-295)+5 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M673340)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JB210407)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2020GY-252 and No.2021GY277)the Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Technology Research Program(Type C,SGDX2020110309300301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Innovation Fund of Xidian University.
文摘Monitoring biophysical signals such as body or organ movements and other physical phenomena is necessary for patient rehabilitation.However,stretchable flexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a broad range that can meet these requirements are still lacking.Herein,we successfully monitored various vital biophysical features and implemented in-sensor dynamic deep learning for knee rehabilitation using an ultrabroad linear range and highsensitivity stretchable iontronic pressure sensor(SIPS).We optimized the topological structure and material composition of the electrode to build a fully stretching on-skin sensor.The high sensitivity(12.43 kPa^(−1)),ultrabroad linear sensing range(1 MPa),high pressure resolution(6.4 Pa),long-term durability(no decay after 12000 cycles),and excellent stretchability(up to 20%)allow the sensor to maintain operating stability,even in emergency cases with a high sudden impact force(near 1 MPa)applied to the sensor.As a practical demonstration,the SIPS can positively track biophysical signals such as pulse waves,muscle movements,and plantar pressure.Importantly,with the help of a neuro-inspired fully convolutional network algorithm,the SIPS can accurately predict knee joint postures for better rehabilitation after orthopedic surgery.Our SIPS has potential as a promising candidate for wearable electronics and artificial intelligent medical engineering owing to its unique high signal-to-noise ratio and ultrabroad linear range.
基金The authors thank the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802060)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQJSCX20170726104623185,KQTD20170809110344233)+1 种基金Shenzhen Bay Laboratory(SZBL2019062801005)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2019A1515010762).
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a powerful sensing technique capable of capturing ultrasensitive fingerprint signal of analytes with extremely low concentration.However,conventional SERS probes are passive nanoparticles which are usually massively applied for biochemical sensing,lacking controllability and adaptability for precise and targeted sensing at a small scale.Herein,we report a“rod-like”magnetic nanomotor-based SERS probe(MNM-SP)that integrates a mobile and controllable platform of micro-/nanomotors with a SERS sensing technique.The“rod-like”structure is prepared by coating a thin layer of silica onto the self-assembled magnetic nanoparticles.Afterwards,SERS hotspots of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)are decorated as detecting nanoprobes.The MNM-SPs can be navigated on-demand to avoid obstacles and target sensing sites by the guidance of an external gradient magnetic field.Through applying a rotating magnetic field,the MNM-SPs can actively rotate to efficiently stir and mix surrounding fluid and thus contact with analytes quickly for SERS sensing.Innovatively,we demonstrate the self-cleaning capability of the MNM-SPs which can be used to overcome the contamination problem of traditional single-use SERS probes.Furthermore,the MNM-SPs could precisely approach the targeted single cell and then enter into the cell by endocytosis.It is worth mentioning that by the effective mixing of intracellular biocomponents,much more informative Raman signals with improved signal-to-noise ratio can be captured after active rotation.Therefore,the demonstrated magnetically activated MNM-SPs that are endowed with SERS sensing capability pave way to the future development of smart sensing probes with maneuverability for biochemical analysis at the micro-/nanoscale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11372157)the Special Research Grant for Doctor Discipline by Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20120002110075)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China (FANEDD) (Grant No. 201326)
文摘Fracking is one of the kernel technologies in the remarkable shale gas revolution. The extended finite element method is used in this paper to numerically investigate the interaction between hydraulic and natural fractures, which is an important issue of the enigmatic fracture network formation in fracking. The criteria which control the opening of natural fracture and crossing of hydraulic fracture are tentatively presented. Influence factors on the interaction process are systematically analyzed, which include the approach angle, anisotropy of in-situ stress and fluid pressure profile.
文摘The finite element method (FEM) is one of the most popular and efficient methods for computational modeling in scientific research and engineering [1-3]. To expand its application to more complex problems, lots of new FEM-based methods have been developed in recent decades. One major achievement is the significantly improvement on the flexibility