Glucagonomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from cells of the pancreatic islets. Most of them are malignant and usually present as metastatic disease. Sites most commonly involved in metastases are the live...Glucagonomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from cells of the pancreatic islets. Most of them are malignant and usually present as metastatic disease. Sites most commonly involved in metastases are the liver and regional lymph nodes. Bone metastases are rare events and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We present the case of a 53-year-old male with a medical history of recurrent non-functioning glucagonoma. He presented 17 years after the initial diagnosis with new blastic bone lesions involving the T1 vertebra and the sacrum. Diagnostic steps and medical management in metastatic glucagonoma are also reviewed.展开更多
Background: Acute myocardial ischemia, seen in about 2% of aortic root replacements (ARR), is acutely life-threatening, manifesting as failure to wean from bypass, ventricular fibrillation, or unstable hemodynamics. T...Background: Acute myocardial ischemia, seen in about 2% of aortic root replacements (ARR), is acutely life-threatening, manifesting as failure to wean from bypass, ventricular fibrillation, or unstable hemodynamics. The exact precipitating anatomic cause is usually not apparent at the time of surgery. In this report, we take advantage of late computed tomographic (CT) angiograms of long-term survivors of peri-operative ischemia after ARR to determine what abnormalities of the coronary button reattachments produced the peri-operative ischemia. Methods: The database of the Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven was reviewed to identify all patients undergoing ARR over a 15-year period. Operative records, patient charts, and CT angiograms of patients who had peri-operative ischemia were reviewed in detail, including analysis by an imaging specialist. Results: 271 patients underwent ARR, 220 with mechanical and 51 with biological valved conduits. Hospital mortality was 2.95%. Clinical follow-up ranged from 1 to 182 months. Survival in discharged patients was 97.7% at 5 years and 95.2% at 7 years. Peri-operative ischemia was seen in 4 of 271 patients (1.5%). All four affected patients survived—with interventions including supplemental coronary bypass grafts (4 patients), intra-aortic balloon pump placement (2 patients), and left ventricular assist device insertion (1 patient). Late CT angiograms revealed severe but non-obstructive left main calcification serving as a focal point for coronary angulation in 2 patients, angulation without calcification in 1 patient, and totally normal anatomy in 1 patient. Conclusions: Myo- cardial ischemia after ARR is rare but acutely life-threatening. Prompt recognition and treatment by supplemental coronary artery bypass grafting preserves life and leads to good late survival. Intramural calcification (non-obstructive) of the distal left main coronary artery predisposes to angulation after coronary button creation and should be a “red flag” for this potential problem.展开更多
文摘Glucagonomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from cells of the pancreatic islets. Most of them are malignant and usually present as metastatic disease. Sites most commonly involved in metastases are the liver and regional lymph nodes. Bone metastases are rare events and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We present the case of a 53-year-old male with a medical history of recurrent non-functioning glucagonoma. He presented 17 years after the initial diagnosis with new blastic bone lesions involving the T1 vertebra and the sacrum. Diagnostic steps and medical management in metastatic glucagonoma are also reviewed.
文摘Background: Acute myocardial ischemia, seen in about 2% of aortic root replacements (ARR), is acutely life-threatening, manifesting as failure to wean from bypass, ventricular fibrillation, or unstable hemodynamics. The exact precipitating anatomic cause is usually not apparent at the time of surgery. In this report, we take advantage of late computed tomographic (CT) angiograms of long-term survivors of peri-operative ischemia after ARR to determine what abnormalities of the coronary button reattachments produced the peri-operative ischemia. Methods: The database of the Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven was reviewed to identify all patients undergoing ARR over a 15-year period. Operative records, patient charts, and CT angiograms of patients who had peri-operative ischemia were reviewed in detail, including analysis by an imaging specialist. Results: 271 patients underwent ARR, 220 with mechanical and 51 with biological valved conduits. Hospital mortality was 2.95%. Clinical follow-up ranged from 1 to 182 months. Survival in discharged patients was 97.7% at 5 years and 95.2% at 7 years. Peri-operative ischemia was seen in 4 of 271 patients (1.5%). All four affected patients survived—with interventions including supplemental coronary bypass grafts (4 patients), intra-aortic balloon pump placement (2 patients), and left ventricular assist device insertion (1 patient). Late CT angiograms revealed severe but non-obstructive left main calcification serving as a focal point for coronary angulation in 2 patients, angulation without calcification in 1 patient, and totally normal anatomy in 1 patient. Conclusions: Myo- cardial ischemia after ARR is rare but acutely life-threatening. Prompt recognition and treatment by supplemental coronary artery bypass grafting preserves life and leads to good late survival. Intramural calcification (non-obstructive) of the distal left main coronary artery predisposes to angulation after coronary button creation and should be a “red flag” for this potential problem.
