The impetus for buildings to decarbonize and move towards radical energy and water efficiency is increasingly strong and identified as a priority within the green building sector.The tiny house movement offers an oppo...The impetus for buildings to decarbonize and move towards radical energy and water efficiency is increasingly strong and identified as a priority within the green building sector.The tiny house movement offers an opportunity to both address the challenges of affordable housing and contribute to residential building decarbonization.Tiny houses de-emphasize mass consumption and excessive belongings and have potential to address equity issues such as gentrification by providing living spaces to low-income residents in desirable housing locations.This paper analyzes the Tiny House in My Backyard(THIMBY)project,investigating building sustainability concepts through the design-build-occupy process in a three-year-old structure.THIMBY demonstrates energy and water efficiency technologies inside an award-winning small living space(18.5 m^(2)).THIMBY was designed to reduce energy and water use by 87 and 82%compared to California residential averages.In practice,it has reduced site energy by 88%and has emitted 96%fewer carbon emissions than a 2100 square foot California Energy Commission 2016 Title 24 minimally compliant home.We discuss the differences between design and performance of energy and water systems,which we find offer important lessons for the further expansion of the tiny house movement and other alternative and micro green housing types.We find that optimizing such houses through integration of energy and water saving technologies,home energy management systems,and strong communication between modelers,builders and occupants will be essential to achieving dramatic energy(87%),water(82%),and carbon(96%)savings.展开更多
Dear Editor,The growing demand for transportation energy has brought increasing challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Currently,many countries or regions have proposed solutions to achieve carbon-neutral tra...Dear Editor,The growing demand for transportation energy has brought increasing challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Currently,many countries or regions have proposed solutions to achieve carbon-neutral transportation such as the rapid expansion of the global electric vehicle(EV)market.However,these benefits are not free.Before the goal of decarbonization in electricity is achieved,the“pseudo net zero emissions”effect of the transportation sector will inevitably be accompanied by a quiet shifting of carbon responsibility.1 This shift is undoubtedly fatal for both net zero emissions at the national level and carbon responsibility at the industry level;however,the corresponding effects have not yet been clarified.展开更多
Carbon neutrality and a carbon-negative economy are important concepts introduced nearly 20 years ago that have become key measures for realising the climate goals of the Paris Agreement.The revised Paris Climate Acco...Carbon neutrality and a carbon-negative economy are important concepts introduced nearly 20 years ago that have become key measures for realising the climate goals of the Paris Agreement.The revised Paris Climate Accords are designed to limit global warming to‘below’1.5℃ above pre-industrial temperatures.The recently released IPCC AR6 report shows that the realisation of climate goals requires a fundamental transformation of national,regional,and global energy system,including a substantial reduction in overall fossil fuel use,the deployment of low-emission energy sources,the transition to alternative energy carriers such as Hydrogen or Ammonia,and the improvement of energy efficiency and conservation.Over 140 countries have pledged to align their national emissions and abate their targets with these goals that have been reaffirmed in a diverse range of studies on impacts,pathways,technologies,and policies needed in all economies,but in particular in the largest economies of China,the European Union,Japan,and the United States.展开更多
文摘The impetus for buildings to decarbonize and move towards radical energy and water efficiency is increasingly strong and identified as a priority within the green building sector.The tiny house movement offers an opportunity to both address the challenges of affordable housing and contribute to residential building decarbonization.Tiny houses de-emphasize mass consumption and excessive belongings and have potential to address equity issues such as gentrification by providing living spaces to low-income residents in desirable housing locations.This paper analyzes the Tiny House in My Backyard(THIMBY)project,investigating building sustainability concepts through the design-build-occupy process in a three-year-old structure.THIMBY demonstrates energy and water efficiency technologies inside an award-winning small living space(18.5 m^(2)).THIMBY was designed to reduce energy and water use by 87 and 82%compared to California residential averages.In practice,it has reduced site energy by 88%and has emitted 96%fewer carbon emissions than a 2100 square foot California Energy Commission 2016 Title 24 minimally compliant home.We discuss the differences between design and performance of energy and water systems,which we find offer important lessons for the further expansion of the tiny house movement and other alternative and micro green housing types.We find that optimizing such houses through integration of energy and water saving technologies,home energy management systems,and strong communication between modelers,builders and occupants will be essential to achieving dramatic energy(87%),water(82%),and carbon(96%)savings.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(no.2021YFB1600202)We thank the anonymous reviewers for reviewing this manuscript.
文摘Dear Editor,The growing demand for transportation energy has brought increasing challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Currently,many countries or regions have proposed solutions to achieve carbon-neutral transportation such as the rapid expansion of the global electric vehicle(EV)market.However,these benefits are not free.Before the goal of decarbonization in electricity is achieved,the“pseudo net zero emissions”effect of the transportation sector will inevitably be accompanied by a quiet shifting of carbon responsibility.1 This shift is undoubtedly fatal for both net zero emissions at the national level and carbon responsibility at the industry level;however,the corresponding effects have not yet been clarified.
文摘Carbon neutrality and a carbon-negative economy are important concepts introduced nearly 20 years ago that have become key measures for realising the climate goals of the Paris Agreement.The revised Paris Climate Accords are designed to limit global warming to‘below’1.5℃ above pre-industrial temperatures.The recently released IPCC AR6 report shows that the realisation of climate goals requires a fundamental transformation of national,regional,and global energy system,including a substantial reduction in overall fossil fuel use,the deployment of low-emission energy sources,the transition to alternative energy carriers such as Hydrogen or Ammonia,and the improvement of energy efficiency and conservation.Over 140 countries have pledged to align their national emissions and abate their targets with these goals that have been reaffirmed in a diverse range of studies on impacts,pathways,technologies,and policies needed in all economies,but in particular in the largest economies of China,the European Union,Japan,and the United States.
