Status-quo of proved oil/gas initially-in-place in China as of 2020 and its variation trend in the past decade

This study analyzes the status-quo of the proved oil/gas initially-in-place and its variation trend,the proved undeveloped oil/gas initially-in-place,and the remaining proved technically recoverable reserves(TRR)of oil/gas in China as of 2020 based on statistics.As shown by the results,the proved oil initially-in-place(OIIP),the proved undeveloped OIIP,and the remaining proved TRR of oil in China are mainly distributed in the Bohai Bay,Ordos and Songliao Basins,and those of free gas are mainly in the Ordos,Sichuan,and Tarim Basins.From 2011 to 2020,the largest increment in the proved OIIP,the proved undeveloped OIIP and the remaining proved TRR of oil occurred in the Ordos Basin,followed by the Bohai Bay Basin,while that in the proved gas initially-in-place(GIIP),the proved undeveloped GIIP,and the remaining proved TRR of gas occurred in the Ordos Basin,followed by the Sichuan Basin.In addition,a comprehensive analysis reveals that the petroliferous basins in China with the potential of reserve addition and production growth include the Ordos Basin,the Bohai Bay Basin,the Sichuan Basin,and the Tarim Basin.

Biosorption of Cu（II） to extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） from Synechoeystis sp.： a fluorescence quenching study

Biosorption of extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） from Synechocystis sp. （cyanobacterium） with Cu（II） was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy. Three fluorescence peaks were found in the excitation-emission matrix （EEM） fluorescence spectra of EPS. Fluorescence of peak A （Ex/Em = 275/452 nm） and peak C （Ex/Em= 350/452nm） were originated from humic-like substances and fluorescence of peak B （Ex/ Em= 275/338nm） was attributed to protein-like sub- stances. Fluorescence of peaks A, B, and C could be quenched by Cu（II）. The effective quenching constants （lg Ka） were 2.8-5.84 for peak A, 6.4-9.24 for peak B, and 3.48-6.68 for peak C, respectively. The values of lg Ka showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, indicating that the quenching processes were static in nature. The binding constants （lg Kb） followed the order of peak A 〉 peak B 〉 peak C, implying that the humic-like substances in EPS have greater Cu（II） binding capacity than the protein-like substances. The binding site number, n, in EPS-Cu（II） complexes for peaks A, B, and C was less than 1. This suggests the negative cooperativity between multiple binding sites and the presence of more than one Cu binding site.

Seasonal variations and characteristics differences in the fluorescent components of extracellular polymeric substances from mixed biofilms in saline lake

Cyanobacteria are the Earth’s oldest oxygenic photoautotrophs and have had major impacts on shaping the biosphere.Their long evolutionary history($3.5 bya)has enabled them to adapt to geochemical and climatic changes and,more recently,anthropogenic modifications of aquatic environments,including nutrient overenrichment(eutrophication),water diversion,withdrawal。

Comparative Analyses of H3K4 and H3K27 Trimethylations Between the Mouse Cerebrum and Testis

The global features of H3K4 and H3K27 trimethylations （H3K4me3 and H3K27me3） have been well studied in recent years, but most of these studies were performed in mammalian cell lines. In this work, we generated the genorne-wide maps of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 of mouse cerebrum and testis using ChlP-seq and their high-coverage transcriptomes using ribominus RNA-seq with SOLID technology. We examined the global patterns of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in both tissues and found that modifications are closely-associated with tissue-specific expression, function and development. Moreover, we revealed that H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 rarely occur in silent genes, which contradicts the findings in previous studies. Finally, we observed that bivalent domains, with both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, existed ubiquitously in both tissues and demonstrated an invariable preference for the regulation of developmentally-related genes. How- ever, the bivalent domains tend towards a ＂winner-takes-all＂ approach to regulate the expression of associated genes. We also verified the above results in mouse ES cells. As expected, the results in ES cells are consistent with those in cerebrum and testis. In conclusion, we present two very important findings. One is that H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 rarely occur in silent genes. The other is that bivalent domains may adopt a ＂winner-takes-all＂ principle to regulate gene expression.