多聚乙酰(polyketide)类组成了一大系列由细菌(主要是放线菌)、真菌和植物产生的各种结构的复杂次级代谢物,其中大部分已证明是人用和兽用药品,在畜牧业则作为治疗用抗生素,化疗药物和生长刺激剂,还有一些较为重要的是真菌黄曲霉毒素,...多聚乙酰(polyketide)类组成了一大系列由细菌(主要是放线菌)、真菌和植物产生的各种结构的复杂次级代谢物,其中大部分已证明是人用和兽用药品,在畜牧业则作为治疗用抗生素,化疗药物和生长刺激剂,还有一些较为重要的是真菌黄曲霉毒素,植物色素或香味物质。多聚乙酰的生物合成似乎类似于长链脂肪酸的生物合成。这种脂肪酸的生物合成是由以下反应重复循环进行的,即丙二酰基辅酶 A 衍生的二碳单位(乙酸残基)。展开更多
Highly prevalent in nature,cytochrome P450 enzymes are powerful biocatalysts for selective C–H functionalization[1].These heme-containing enzymes activate inert C–H bonds within complex molecules for a plethora of t...Highly prevalent in nature,cytochrome P450 enzymes are powerful biocatalysts for selective C–H functionalization[1].These heme-containing enzymes activate inert C–H bonds within complex molecules for a plethora of transformations with exquisite regio-,chemo-and stereoselectivity.Many plant P450s are of industrial relevance in the production of pharmaceuticals,fragrances,pesticides and vitamins,yet few have been employed commercially[2].Key examples include the P450 CYP71AV1 used for large-scale production of the antimalarial drug artemisinin,and CYP75 enzymes exploited for their differential hydroxylation abilities to manipulate color patterns in top-selling flowers[3].These cases illustrate a minuscule portion of the synthetic potential of P450s.展开更多
文摘多聚乙酰(polyketide)类组成了一大系列由细菌(主要是放线菌)、真菌和植物产生的各种结构的复杂次级代谢物,其中大部分已证明是人用和兽用药品,在畜牧业则作为治疗用抗生素,化疗药物和生长刺激剂,还有一些较为重要的是真菌黄曲霉毒素,植物色素或香味物质。多聚乙酰的生物合成似乎类似于长链脂肪酸的生物合成。这种脂肪酸的生物合成是由以下反应重复循环进行的,即丙二酰基辅酶 A 衍生的二碳单位(乙酸残基)。
文摘Highly prevalent in nature,cytochrome P450 enzymes are powerful biocatalysts for selective C–H functionalization[1].These heme-containing enzymes activate inert C–H bonds within complex molecules for a plethora of transformations with exquisite regio-,chemo-and stereoselectivity.Many plant P450s are of industrial relevance in the production of pharmaceuticals,fragrances,pesticides and vitamins,yet few have been employed commercially[2].Key examples include the P450 CYP71AV1 used for large-scale production of the antimalarial drug artemisinin,and CYP75 enzymes exploited for their differential hydroxylation abilities to manipulate color patterns in top-selling flowers[3].These cases illustrate a minuscule portion of the synthetic potential of P450s.
