This paper has three aims.First,to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holi...This paper has three aims.First,to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development pathways.Second,to explore the policy objectives they have in common.Third,to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional mechanisms.The intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm practices.However,their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in common.These are set out in two main documents:the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment Plan.There are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring;the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound policies.To achieve this potential,it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.展开更多
Much of the research on the nitrogen cycle aims to improving scientific understanding but is not focused specifically on removing or reducing the scientific uncertainties that constrain policy makers in the formulatio...Much of the research on the nitrogen cycle aims to improving scientific understanding but is not focused specifically on removing or reducing the scientific uncertainties that constrain policy makers in the formulation of appropriate responses to old or emerging environmental problems. Policy makers, for example, commonly find it difficult to assess the spatial or temporal importance of the various risks to human and ecosystem health that stem from man's interference with the natural N cycle. This paper will justify this conclusion by reference to the findings of a recent study on non-point pollution from crop production in China. The findings concern the perceived risks of groundwater nitrate to human health; uncertainties about critical NOx levels and their interactions with other pollutants; various other dimensions of man's impact on the N cycle. The paper will go on to suggest a more systematic process or pathway by which scientists can select and design their research in a manner that could give more effective support to policy makers.展开更多
基金support from the UK-China Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network(SAIN)the UK-China Virtual Joint Centres on Nitrogen,“N-Circle”and“CINAg”funded by the Newton Fund via UK BBSRC/NERC(BB/N013484/1 and BB/N013468/1,respectively)。
文摘This paper has three aims.First,to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development pathways.Second,to explore the policy objectives they have in common.Third,to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional mechanisms.The intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm practices.However,their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in common.These are set out in two main documents:the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment Plan.There are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring;the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound policies.To achieve this potential,it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.
文摘Much of the research on the nitrogen cycle aims to improving scientific understanding but is not focused specifically on removing or reducing the scientific uncertainties that constrain policy makers in the formulation of appropriate responses to old or emerging environmental problems. Policy makers, for example, commonly find it difficult to assess the spatial or temporal importance of the various risks to human and ecosystem health that stem from man's interference with the natural N cycle. This paper will justify this conclusion by reference to the findings of a recent study on non-point pollution from crop production in China. The findings concern the perceived risks of groundwater nitrate to human health; uncertainties about critical NOx levels and their interactions with other pollutants; various other dimensions of man's impact on the N cycle. The paper will go on to suggest a more systematic process or pathway by which scientists can select and design their research in a manner that could give more effective support to policy makers.
