Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors increase free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus via various channels following facial nerve injury. However, intracellular Ca2+ overl...Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors increase free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus via various channels following facial nerve injury. However, intracellular Ca2+ overload can trigger either necrotic or apoptotic cell death. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, exists in the facial nerve nucleus. It is assumed that GABA negatively regulates free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus. The present study investigated GABA type A (GABAA) receptor expression in the facial nerve nucleus in a rat model of facial nerve injury using immunohistochemistry and laser confocal microscopy, as well as the regulatory effects of GABAA receptor on nicotinic receptor response following facial nerve injury. Subunits α1, α3, α5, β1, β2, δ, and γ3 of GABAA receptors were expressed in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury. In addition, GABAA receptor expression significantly inhibited the increase in nicotinic receptor-mediated free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury in a concentration-dependent fashion. These results suggest that GABAA receptors exhibit negative effects on nicotinic receptor responses following facial nerve injury.展开更多
The muscarinic receptor modulates intracellular free calcium ion levels in the facial nerve nucleus via different channels. In the present study, muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ions levels were detected by ...The muscarinic receptor modulates intracellular free calcium ion levels in the facial nerve nucleus via different channels. In the present study, muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ions levels were detected by confocal laser microscopy in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury in rats. There was no significant difference in muscarinic receptor expression at the affected facial nerve nucleus compared with expression prior to injury, but muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ion levels increased in the affected side following facial nerve injury (P 〈 0.01). At day 30 after facial nerve injury, 50 pmol/L muscarinic-mediated free calcium ion levels were significantly inhibited at the affected facial nerve nucleus in calcium-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid, and the change range was 82% of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (P 〈 0.05). These results suggest that increased free calcium ion concentrations are achieved by intracellular calcium ion release, and that the transmembrane flow of calcium ions is also involved in this process.展开更多
Previous studies have demonstrated that the cholinergic system, via nicotinic receptors, regulates intracellular free calcium levels in the facial nucleus under normal physiological conditions. However, the regulation...Previous studies have demonstrated that the cholinergic system, via nicotinic receptors, regulates intracellular free calcium levels in the facial nucleus under normal physiological conditions. However, the regulation of nicotinic receptors on free calcium levels following facial nerve injury remains unclear. In the present study, an animal model of facial nerve injury was established, and changes in nicotinic receptor expression following facial nerve injury in rats were detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Nicotinic receptor-mediated changes of free calcium levels following facial nucleus injury were determined by laser confocal microscopy. Results showed no significant difference in nicotinic receptor expression between the normal group and the affected facial nerve nucleus. The nicotinic receptor a4132 subtype increased free calcium levels following facial nerve injury by promoting calcium transmembrane influx, and L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-mediated influx of calcium ions played an important role in promoting calcium transmembrane influx. The nicotinic receptor-mediated increase of free calcium levels following facial nerve injury provides an important mechanism for the repair of facial nerve injury.展开更多
Muscarinic receptors and nicotine receptors can increase free calcium ion levels in the facial nucleus via different channels following facial nerve injury. In addition, γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors have...Muscarinic receptors and nicotine receptors can increase free calcium ion levels in the facial nucleus via different channels following facial nerve injury. In addition, γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors have been shown to negatively regulate free calcium ion levels in the facial nucleus by inhibiting nicotine receptors. The present study investigated the influence of GABAA, γ-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) and C (GABAc) receptors on muscarinic receptors in rats with facial nerve injury by confocal laser microscopy. GABAA and GABAB receptors exhibited significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on increased muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ion levels following facial nerve injury. Results showed that GABAA and GABAB receptors negatively regulate muscarinic receptor effects and interplay with cholinergic receptors to regulate free calcium ion levels for facial neural regeneration.展开更多
To improve the declining performance of a full-feed peanut picking device or solve the mechanical failures that occur due to fluctuations in the feeding rate during operation,the 4HLJI-3000 peanut intelligent picking ...To improve the declining performance of a full-feed peanut picking device or solve the mechanical failures that occur due to fluctuations in the feeding rate during operation,the 4HLJI-3000 peanut intelligent picking combine harvester,which is a picking device with a self-adaptive adjustment of the working clearance,was developed as the research object in this study.Moreover,the key components,such as the picking roller,concave plate sieve and clearance adjustment mechanism of the concave plate sieve,were designed and analysed.Through the force analysis of the concave plate sieve of the picking device,the mathematical model of the concave plate sieve displacement of the picking device and feeding rate was obtained.The software system for monitoring,storing and analysing the concave plate sieve displacement of the picking device based on EasyBuilder Pro was designed,and the road monitoring test of displacement variation of concave plate sieve of the picking device and feeding rate was carried out.The linear function,power function,exponential function,quadratic function,compound function,logarithmic function and cubic function fitting were used to perform regression analysis of the test results by using IBM SPSS software.The results showed that the cubic function model had a higher fitting precision,and its determination coefficient was 0.992.Model verification experiments were proposed,and the results showed that the established cubic function model had a good accuracy.The absolute deviation rate ranged from 0 to 4.83%,and the average deviation rate was 2.22%.The deviation rate increased with an increasing feeding rate.The field experiments also proved that there was a cubic function relationship between the feeding rate and concave plate sieve displacement,the measured concave plate sieve displacement deviation rate ranged from 0 to 6.19%,and the average deviation rate was 2.73%compared with the calculated results.This study can provide a reference for the optimization design of the structure of full-feeding picking devices for peanuts and other crops and the intelligent measurement and control of the feeding rates.展开更多
To solve the problems of excessive soil lumps,broken branches and seedlings in pods and difficulty in removing impurities in the harvested pods of peanuts in the hilly areas of southern China,which is due to the high ...To solve the problems of excessive soil lumps,broken branches and seedlings in pods and difficulty in removing impurities in the harvested pods of peanuts in the hilly areas of southern China,which is due to the high soil viscosity and easy hardening,and to improve the soil removal effect of the peanut half-feed pod picker in hilly areas of China,this article designed a half-feed peanut-cleaning picker suitable for southern clay hilly areas and provided a detailed introduction to the overall structure,working principle,and adjustment methods of various operating parameters.Through field measurement experiments,the influencing factors and laws of soil removal performance indicators,such as the comprehensive soil removal rate and POD drop rate,were studied.The results showed that the comprehensive soil removal rate gradually increased with increasing soil patting frequency,soil patting amplitude,and picking roller speed,first increased and then decreased with increasing picking roller gap and gradually decreased with increasing soil patting plate gap and clamping conveyor chain speed.The comprehensive soil removal rate of the soil patting plate using the opposite patting method was greater than that of the swinging patting method.The soil removal pod drop rate increased gradually with increasing soil patting frequency and amplitude and decreased with increasing soil patting plate gap and clamping conveyor chain speed.The soil removal pod drop rate of the soil patting plate using swing patting was lower than that using the opposite patting method.The speed and gap of the picking roller had no effect on the soil removal pod drop rate.The frequency,amplitude,form,and gap of the soil patting plate had extremely significant impacts on the rate of decrease in the number of soil removal pod drop rate.The clamping conveyor chain speed had a significant impact,while the speed and gap of the picking roller had no significant impact.The influence of all factors on the comprehensive soil removal rate was extremely significant.This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for parameter optimization research on peanut-cleaning picking machines in the clay hilly areas of southern China.展开更多
With the rapid development of inverter-based generators(IGs),power grid is faced with critical frequency stability challenges because the existing IGs have no inertia.To equip IGs with inertial response,researchers ha...With the rapid development of inverter-based generators(IGs),power grid is faced with critical frequency stability challenges because the existing IGs have no inertia.To equip IGs with inertial response,researchers have proposed several virtual inertia control methods,which can be classified into two categories:virtual synchronous generator(VSG)control and droop control based on rate of change of frequency(ROCOFdroop control).In this paper,the comparison between both virtual inertia control methods is conducted from three perspectives:mathematical model,output characteristic and small-signal stability.State-space models are firstly built to analyze the control mechanism of VSG control and ROCOF-droop control methods.Simulation and eigenvalue analysis are conducted to study the transient responses and oscillation characteristics of both methods,which is helpful to understand the advantages and limitations of existing virtual inertia control methods.Finally,the obtained theoretical results are validated through realtime laboratory(RT-LAB)hardware-in-loop simulation platform.展开更多
To address the planning issue of offshore oil-field power systems, an integrated generation-transmission expansion planning model is proposed. The outage cost is considered and the genetic Tabu hybrid algorithm(GTHA)i...To address the planning issue of offshore oil-field power systems, an integrated generation-transmission expansion planning model is proposed. The outage cost is considered and the genetic Tabu hybrid algorithm(GTHA)is developed to find the optimal solution. With the proposed integrated model, the planning of generators and transmission lines can be worked out simultaneously,which outweighs the disadvantages of separate planning,for instance, unable to consider the influence of power grid during the planning of generation, or insufficient to plan the transmission system without enough information of generation. The integrated planning model takes into account both the outage cost and the shipping cost, which makes the model more practical for offshore oilfield power systems. The planning problem formulated based on the proposed model is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem of very high computational complexity, which is difficult to solve by regular mathematical methods. A comprehensive optimization method based on GTHA is also developed to search the best solution efficiently.Finally, a case study on the planning of a 50-bus offshore oilfield power system is conducted, and the obtained results fully demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented model and method.展开更多
By simulating the operating dynamics of synchronous generators(SGs),the use of virtual synchronous gen-rators(VSGs)can help overcome inverter-based generators'shortcomings of low inertia and minimal damping for gr...By simulating the operating dynamics of synchronous generators(SGs),the use of virtual synchronous gen-rators(VSGs)can help overcome inverter-based generators'shortcomings of low inertia and minimal damping for gridforming applications.VSGs'stability are very important for their solar and wind electricity applications.Currently,the related research primarily focuses on VSGs and their applications for microgrids.There has been little research to explore how VSGs effect low frequency oscillations in power transmission systems.This paper describes a small-signal model of a VSGSG interconnected system,which is suitable for studying low frequency oscillation damping in a power transmission grid.Based on this model,the effects of VSGs on low frequency oscillations are compared with the effects of SGs to reveal the mechanism of how VSGs infuence damping characteristics.The influence of each VSG control loop on oscillations is also analyzed in this paper.Then,the low frequency oscillation risks with different types of VSGs are described.Finally,experiments on a real-time laboratory(RT-LAB)platform are conducted to verify the small-signal analysis results.展开更多
The radiative transfer model,PROSPECT,has been widely applied for retrieving leaf biochemical traits.However,little work has been conducted to evaluate the stability of the PROSPECT model with consideration of multipl...The radiative transfer model,PROSPECT,has been widely applied for retrieving leaf biochemical traits.However,little work has been conducted to evaluate the stability of the PROSPECT model with consideration of multiple factors(i.e.,spectral resolution,signal-to-noise ratio,plant growth stages,and treatments).This study aims to investigate the stability of the PROSPECT model for retrieving leaf chlorophyll(Chl)content(Cab).Leaf hemispherical reflectance and transmittance of oilseed rape were acquired at different spectral resolutions,noise levels,growth stages,and nitrogen treatments.The Chl content was also measured destructively by using a microplate spectrophotometer.The performance of the PROSPECT model was compared with a commonly used random forest(RF)model.The results showed that the prediction accuracy of PROSPECT and RF models for Cab did not produce significant differences under varied spectral resolutions ranging from 1 to 20 nm.The ranges of the relative root mean square errors(rRMSE)of the PROSPECT and RF models were 12%-13%and 11.70%-12.86%,respectively.However,the performance of both models for leaf Chl retrieval was strongly influenced by the noise level with the rRMSE of 13-15.37%and 12.04%-15.80%for PROSPECT and RF,respectively.For different growth stages,the PROSPECT model had similar prediction accuracies(rRMSE=9.26%-12.41%)to the RF model(rRMSE=9.17%-12.70%).Furthermore,the superiority of the PROSPECT model(rRMSE=10.10%-12.82%)over the RF model(rRMSE=11.81%-15.47%)was prominently observed when tested with plants growth at different nitrogen treatment levels.The results demonstrated that the PROSPECT model has a more stable performance than the RF model for all datasets in this study.展开更多
基金a Grant from the Youth Research Foundation of Qingdao University,No.2007
文摘Previous studies have demonstrated that muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors increase free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus via various channels following facial nerve injury. However, intracellular Ca2+ overload can trigger either necrotic or apoptotic cell death. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, exists in the facial nerve nucleus. It is assumed that GABA negatively regulates free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus. The present study investigated GABA type A (GABAA) receptor expression in the facial nerve nucleus in a rat model of facial nerve injury using immunohistochemistry and laser confocal microscopy, as well as the regulatory effects of GABAA receptor on nicotinic receptor response following facial nerve injury. Subunits α1, α3, α5, β1, β2, δ, and γ3 of GABAA receptors were expressed in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury. In addition, GABAA receptor expression significantly inhibited the increase in nicotinic receptor-mediated free Ca2+ levels in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury in a concentration-dependent fashion. These results suggest that GABAA receptors exhibit negative effects on nicotinic receptor responses following facial nerve injury.
基金Youth Scientific Research Foundation of Qingdao University (2007)
文摘The muscarinic receptor modulates intracellular free calcium ion levels in the facial nerve nucleus via different channels. In the present study, muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ions levels were detected by confocal laser microscopy in the facial nerve nucleus following facial nerve injury in rats. There was no significant difference in muscarinic receptor expression at the affected facial nerve nucleus compared with expression prior to injury, but muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ion levels increased in the affected side following facial nerve injury (P 〈 0.01). At day 30 after facial nerve injury, 50 pmol/L muscarinic-mediated free calcium ion levels were significantly inhibited at the affected facial nerve nucleus in calcium-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid, and the change range was 82% of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (P 〈 0.05). These results suggest that increased free calcium ion concentrations are achieved by intracellular calcium ion release, and that the transmembrane flow of calcium ions is also involved in this process.
基金Youth Research Fund of Qingdao University (2007)
文摘Previous studies have demonstrated that the cholinergic system, via nicotinic receptors, regulates intracellular free calcium levels in the facial nucleus under normal physiological conditions. However, the regulation of nicotinic receptors on free calcium levels following facial nerve injury remains unclear. In the present study, an animal model of facial nerve injury was established, and changes in nicotinic receptor expression following facial nerve injury in rats were detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Nicotinic receptor-mediated changes of free calcium levels following facial nucleus injury were determined by laser confocal microscopy. Results showed no significant difference in nicotinic receptor expression between the normal group and the affected facial nerve nucleus. The nicotinic receptor a4132 subtype increased free calcium levels following facial nerve injury by promoting calcium transmembrane influx, and L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-mediated influx of calcium ions played an important role in promoting calcium transmembrane influx. The nicotinic receptor-mediated increase of free calcium levels following facial nerve injury provides an important mechanism for the repair of facial nerve injury.
基金the Youth Research Foundation of Qingdao University, No. 2007
文摘Muscarinic receptors and nicotine receptors can increase free calcium ion levels in the facial nucleus via different channels following facial nerve injury. In addition, γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors have been shown to negatively regulate free calcium ion levels in the facial nucleus by inhibiting nicotine receptors. The present study investigated the influence of GABAA, γ-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) and C (GABAc) receptors on muscarinic receptors in rats with facial nerve injury by confocal laser microscopy. GABAA and GABAB receptors exhibited significant dose-dependent inhibitory effects on increased muscarinic receptor-mediated free calcium ion levels following facial nerve injury. Results showed that GABAA and GABAB receptors negatively regulate muscarinic receptor effects and interplay with cholinergic receptors to regulate free calcium ion levels for facial neural regeneration.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund (Grant No.CX (23)3028)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52105263)+2 种基金Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Intelligent Equipment in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China (HNZJ202201)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province (Grant No.2022ZJZD2201)Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Areas in Southeastern China (Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Grant No.QSKF2023004).
文摘To improve the declining performance of a full-feed peanut picking device or solve the mechanical failures that occur due to fluctuations in the feeding rate during operation,the 4HLJI-3000 peanut intelligent picking combine harvester,which is a picking device with a self-adaptive adjustment of the working clearance,was developed as the research object in this study.Moreover,the key components,such as the picking roller,concave plate sieve and clearance adjustment mechanism of the concave plate sieve,were designed and analysed.Through the force analysis of the concave plate sieve of the picking device,the mathematical model of the concave plate sieve displacement of the picking device and feeding rate was obtained.The software system for monitoring,storing and analysing the concave plate sieve displacement of the picking device based on EasyBuilder Pro was designed,and the road monitoring test of displacement variation of concave plate sieve of the picking device and feeding rate was carried out.The linear function,power function,exponential function,quadratic function,compound function,logarithmic function and cubic function fitting were used to perform regression analysis of the test results by using IBM SPSS software.The results showed that the cubic function model had a higher fitting precision,and its determination coefficient was 0.992.Model verification experiments were proposed,and the results showed that the established cubic function model had a good accuracy.The absolute deviation rate ranged from 0 to 4.83%,and the average deviation rate was 2.22%.The deviation rate increased with an increasing feeding rate.The field experiments also proved that there was a cubic function relationship between the feeding rate and concave plate sieve displacement,the measured concave plate sieve displacement deviation rate ranged from 0 to 6.19%,and the average deviation rate was 2.73%compared with the calculated results.This study can provide a reference for the optimization design of the structure of full-feeding picking devices for peanuts and other crops and the intelligent measurement and control of the feeding rates.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(Grant No.CX(23)3028)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52105263)+2 种基金Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Intelligent Equipment in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China(Grant No.HNZJ202201)Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Areas in Southeastern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Grant No.QSKF202304)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Robotics for Agriculture of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.2022ZJZD2201).
文摘To solve the problems of excessive soil lumps,broken branches and seedlings in pods and difficulty in removing impurities in the harvested pods of peanuts in the hilly areas of southern China,which is due to the high soil viscosity and easy hardening,and to improve the soil removal effect of the peanut half-feed pod picker in hilly areas of China,this article designed a half-feed peanut-cleaning picker suitable for southern clay hilly areas and provided a detailed introduction to the overall structure,working principle,and adjustment methods of various operating parameters.Through field measurement experiments,the influencing factors and laws of soil removal performance indicators,such as the comprehensive soil removal rate and POD drop rate,were studied.The results showed that the comprehensive soil removal rate gradually increased with increasing soil patting frequency,soil patting amplitude,and picking roller speed,first increased and then decreased with increasing picking roller gap and gradually decreased with increasing soil patting plate gap and clamping conveyor chain speed.The comprehensive soil removal rate of the soil patting plate using the opposite patting method was greater than that of the swinging patting method.The soil removal pod drop rate increased gradually with increasing soil patting frequency and amplitude and decreased with increasing soil patting plate gap and clamping conveyor chain speed.The soil removal pod drop rate of the soil patting plate using swing patting was lower than that using the opposite patting method.The speed and gap of the picking roller had no effect on the soil removal pod drop rate.The frequency,amplitude,form,and gap of the soil patting plate had extremely significant impacts on the rate of decrease in the number of soil removal pod drop rate.The clamping conveyor chain speed had a significant impact,while the speed and gap of the picking roller had no significant impact.The influence of all factors on the comprehensive soil removal rate was extremely significant.This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for parameter optimization research on peanut-cleaning picking machines in the clay hilly areas of southern China.
基金supported by the technology project of State Grid Corporation of China and the technology project of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Corporation
文摘With the rapid development of inverter-based generators(IGs),power grid is faced with critical frequency stability challenges because the existing IGs have no inertia.To equip IGs with inertial response,researchers have proposed several virtual inertia control methods,which can be classified into two categories:virtual synchronous generator(VSG)control and droop control based on rate of change of frequency(ROCOFdroop control).In this paper,the comparison between both virtual inertia control methods is conducted from three perspectives:mathematical model,output characteristic and small-signal stability.State-space models are firstly built to analyze the control mechanism of VSG control and ROCOF-droop control methods.Simulation and eigenvalue analysis are conducted to study the transient responses and oscillation characteristics of both methods,which is helpful to understand the advantages and limitations of existing virtual inertia control methods.Finally,the obtained theoretical results are validated through realtime laboratory(RT-LAB)hardware-in-loop simulation platform.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51322701)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2012AA050216)
文摘To address the planning issue of offshore oil-field power systems, an integrated generation-transmission expansion planning model is proposed. The outage cost is considered and the genetic Tabu hybrid algorithm(GTHA)is developed to find the optimal solution. With the proposed integrated model, the planning of generators and transmission lines can be worked out simultaneously,which outweighs the disadvantages of separate planning,for instance, unable to consider the influence of power grid during the planning of generation, or insufficient to plan the transmission system without enough information of generation. The integrated planning model takes into account both the outage cost and the shipping cost, which makes the model more practical for offshore oilfield power systems. The planning problem formulated based on the proposed model is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem of very high computational complexity, which is difficult to solve by regular mathematical methods. A comprehensive optimization method based on GTHA is also developed to search the best solution efficiently.Finally, a case study on the planning of a 50-bus offshore oilfield power system is conducted, and the obtained results fully demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented model and method.
文摘By simulating the operating dynamics of synchronous generators(SGs),the use of virtual synchronous gen-rators(VSGs)can help overcome inverter-based generators'shortcomings of low inertia and minimal damping for gridforming applications.VSGs'stability are very important for their solar and wind electricity applications.Currently,the related research primarily focuses on VSGs and their applications for microgrids.There has been little research to explore how VSGs effect low frequency oscillations in power transmission systems.This paper describes a small-signal model of a VSGSG interconnected system,which is suitable for studying low frequency oscillation damping in a power transmission grid.Based on this model,the effects of VSGs on low frequency oscillations are compared with the effects of SGs to reveal the mechanism of how VSGs infuence damping characteristics.The influence of each VSG control loop on oscillations is also analyzed in this paper.Then,the low frequency oscillation risks with different types of VSGs are described.Finally,experiments on a real-time laboratory(RT-LAB)platform are conducted to verify the small-signal analysis results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31801256)National Key Research&Development Program supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2017YFD0201501).
文摘The radiative transfer model,PROSPECT,has been widely applied for retrieving leaf biochemical traits.However,little work has been conducted to evaluate the stability of the PROSPECT model with consideration of multiple factors(i.e.,spectral resolution,signal-to-noise ratio,plant growth stages,and treatments).This study aims to investigate the stability of the PROSPECT model for retrieving leaf chlorophyll(Chl)content(Cab).Leaf hemispherical reflectance and transmittance of oilseed rape were acquired at different spectral resolutions,noise levels,growth stages,and nitrogen treatments.The Chl content was also measured destructively by using a microplate spectrophotometer.The performance of the PROSPECT model was compared with a commonly used random forest(RF)model.The results showed that the prediction accuracy of PROSPECT and RF models for Cab did not produce significant differences under varied spectral resolutions ranging from 1 to 20 nm.The ranges of the relative root mean square errors(rRMSE)of the PROSPECT and RF models were 12%-13%and 11.70%-12.86%,respectively.However,the performance of both models for leaf Chl retrieval was strongly influenced by the noise level with the rRMSE of 13-15.37%and 12.04%-15.80%for PROSPECT and RF,respectively.For different growth stages,the PROSPECT model had similar prediction accuracies(rRMSE=9.26%-12.41%)to the RF model(rRMSE=9.17%-12.70%).Furthermore,the superiority of the PROSPECT model(rRMSE=10.10%-12.82%)over the RF model(rRMSE=11.81%-15.47%)was prominently observed when tested with plants growth at different nitrogen treatment levels.The results demonstrated that the PROSPECT model has a more stable performance than the RF model for all datasets in this study.