Commercial varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)have undergone extensive breeding for agronomic traits,such as fiber quality,disease resistance,and yield.Cotton breeding programs have widely used Chinese upla...Commercial varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)have undergone extensive breeding for agronomic traits,such as fiber quality,disease resistance,and yield.Cotton breeding programs have widely used Chinese upland cotton source germplasm(CUCSG)with excellent agronomic traits.A better understanding of the genetic diversity and genomic characteristics of these accessions could accelerate the identification of desirable alleles.Here,we analyzed 10,522 high-quality singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)with the CottonSNP63 K microarray in 137 cotton accessions(including 12 hybrids of upland cotton).These data were used to investigate the genetic diversity,population structure,and genomic characteristics of each population and the contribution of these loci to heterosis.Three subgroups were identified,in agreement with their knownpedigrees,geographical distributions,and times since introduction.For each group,we identified lineagespecific genomic divergence regions,which potentially harbor key alleles that determine the characteristics of each group,such as early maturity-related loci.Investigation of the distribution of heterozygous loci,among 12 commercial cotton hybrids,revealed a potential role for these regions in heterosis.Our study provides insight into the population structure of upland cotton germplasm.Furthermore,the overlap between lineagespecific regions and heterozygous loci,in the high-yield hybrids,suggests a role for these regions in cotton heterosis.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0102000 and 2016YFD0100306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301365)
文摘Commercial varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)have undergone extensive breeding for agronomic traits,such as fiber quality,disease resistance,and yield.Cotton breeding programs have widely used Chinese upland cotton source germplasm(CUCSG)with excellent agronomic traits.A better understanding of the genetic diversity and genomic characteristics of these accessions could accelerate the identification of desirable alleles.Here,we analyzed 10,522 high-quality singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)with the CottonSNP63 K microarray in 137 cotton accessions(including 12 hybrids of upland cotton).These data were used to investigate the genetic diversity,population structure,and genomic characteristics of each population and the contribution of these loci to heterosis.Three subgroups were identified,in agreement with their knownpedigrees,geographical distributions,and times since introduction.For each group,we identified lineagespecific genomic divergence regions,which potentially harbor key alleles that determine the characteristics of each group,such as early maturity-related loci.Investigation of the distribution of heterozygous loci,among 12 commercial cotton hybrids,revealed a potential role for these regions in heterosis.Our study provides insight into the population structure of upland cotton germplasm.Furthermore,the overlap between lineagespecific regions and heterozygous loci,in the high-yield hybrids,suggests a role for these regions in cotton heterosis.
