Human papillomavirus does not have a causal role in colorectal carcinogenesis

AIM: To investigate the presence of human papillomavirus(HPV) DNA along with the integration,the quantification and the expression of the HPV16 in colorectal cancers.METHODS: A prospective series of colorectal tumors were genotyped for HPV DNA.The clinical and pathological variables of the HPV-positive tumors were compared to those of HPV-negative samples.The integration status of HPV16 was evaluated by calculating E2/E6 ng ratios.HPV16-positive tumors were also evaluated for(1) E2,E4,E5,E6 and E7 viral gene ng quantification;(2) relative quantification compared to W12 cells; and(3) viral E2,E4,E5,E6 and E7 mR NA transcripts by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: HPV infection was detected in 16.9% of all tumors examined,and HPV16 was the most frequent type detected(63.6% of positive tissues).Notably,the clinical and pathological features of HPV-positive colorectal cancers were not significantly different than those of HPV-negative cancers(χ2 and t-test for all clinical and pathological features of HPV-positive vs HPV-negative colorectal cancers: p ns).HPV16 DNA was present exclusively in episomal form,and the HPV16 E2,E4,E5,E6 and E7 genes were detected in tracenanogram quantities.Furthermore,the HPV16 genes ranged from 10-3 to 10-9 compared to W12 cells at an episomal stage.Although the extractions were validated by housekeeping gene expression,all the HPV16 positive tissues were transcriptionally inactive for the E2,E4,E5,E6 and E7 mR NAs.CONCLUSION: Based on our results,HPV is unlikely involved in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Cervical cancer screening program based on HPV testing and conventional Papanicolaou cytology for jail inmates

Background: To assess the validity of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing in a group of women at high risk for developing cervical cancer, a screening intervention was applied to a population of jail inmates in Rome, Italy. This cross-sectional study provided also new insights on the risk factors and on the HPV genotype distribution. Methods: We have invited 350 inmates to the preliminary stage of the screening program and 98 inmates decided to participate to the study and filled out a questionnaire for the history of attendance to previous cervical screening and for the known risk factors for cervical malignancies. HPV DNA test, conventional Pap smear and HPV genotyping were performed. Results: The percentage of women with High Risk (HR) HPV positivity were 19.3%. The inmates with LSIL/ HSIL status showed a significantly higher pre- valence of HR-HPV positivity (100% vs. 16.3%;p < 0.001) and of multiple HPV types (60% vs. 1.2%;p < 0.001) compared to women with normal/ASCUS Pap smear. HPV16 was the predominant genotype in either single or multiple infections. Conclusions: The results indicated that HPV DNA-based approach is a strategy useful for incarcerated women which do not have the opportunity or the social and cultural environment to receive preventive care.

Loft的复古装扮

项目地址纽约项目面积353m^2设计单位Deborah French Designs设计师Deborah French早在上世纪70年代便已搬至特里贝克区的这处总面积达353平米的Loft居住,那时她还是一位雕塑家;时事变迁,如今她已是一位出色的设计师,而这栋建筑也已有了多个化身。