癌症研究中常用癌旁组织(normal tissues adjacent to the tumour,NAT)作对照,而癌旁组织与无肿瘤的正常组织的基因表达谱是有差异的。癌旁组织特异性表达基因的存在通常会干扰传统的转录图谱研究,然而目前关于癌旁与无肿瘤组织的基因...癌症研究中常用癌旁组织(normal tissues adjacent to the tumour,NAT)作对照,而癌旁组织与无肿瘤的正常组织的基因表达谱是有差异的。癌旁组织特异性表达基因的存在通常会干扰传统的转录图谱研究,然而目前关于癌旁与无肿瘤组织的基因表达谱差异的研究相对较少。本研究对14例乳腺癌患者的癌组织、癌旁组织和对侧正常乳腺组织样本进行高深度RNA测序和分析,发现癌旁组织相比对侧正常乳腺组织有102个差异表达基因。基因富集和蛋白-蛋白互作分析揭示这些差异表达基因显著富集在肿瘤坏死因子(tumour necrosis factor,TNF)和上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)等癌症相关的基因集中。通过比较癌旁组织与癌组织、癌旁组织与对侧正常乳腺组织的转录图谱,发现23个癌旁组织特异性高表达的基因,即癌旁特异性激活(tumour-adjacent speci c activation,TASA)基因。这些基因显著富集在TNF基因集中,其中15个是新发现的基因。结果表明,TASA基因在乳腺癌癌旁组织中普遍存在,并且与免疫系统的TNF信号有关。癌旁中存在类肿瘤型表达模式的基因,这些基因可能与肿瘤形成有关,但是往往在肿瘤癌旁成对研究中被遗漏。展开更多
本论文报道了一种高性能的自支撑超级电容器电极.通过一步水热工艺和随后的简单电化学处理,在碳布上制备了具有开裂树皮形状的镍-钴-锰三元金属硫化物(NiCoMnS_(4))纳米结构.该电极在1 A g^(-1)电流密度下,可实现高达2470.4 F g^(-1)的...本论文报道了一种高性能的自支撑超级电容器电极.通过一步水热工艺和随后的简单电化学处理,在碳布上制备了具有开裂树皮形状的镍-钴-锰三元金属硫化物(NiCoMnS_(4))纳米结构.该电极在1 A g^(-1)电流密度下,可实现高达2470.4 F g^(-1)的比容量,并展现出良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性.组装的基于活性炭//NiCoMnS_(4)构型的水系非对称超级电容器的电压窗口可达1.7 V;在850.1 W kg^(-1)功率密度下,获得了68.2 W h kg^(-1)的能量密度;在4 A g^(-1)电流密度下,经过10,000次循环后,容量保持率达92.5%.该电极材料制备方法简单且具有良好的储能性能,因此本研究对开发电化学性能良好的自支撑金属硫化物电极及相关高性能水系超级电容器具有重要的参考价值.展开更多
The first appearance of lipid rafts,or lipid rafts-like structure,was occasionally observed by cryo-electronic microscopy in 1980s as cavity,such as caveolae. However,the fully understanding of lipid raft was attribut...The first appearance of lipid rafts,or lipid rafts-like structure,was occasionally observed by cryo-electronic microscopy in 1980s as cavity,such as caveolae. However,the fully understanding of lipid raft was attributed by the studies of T cell activation,virus entry/budding,and other membrane events. During the interaction of T cell and antigen presenting cell,a highly organized structure is formed at the interface of the two cells,where cholesterol and sphingolipids are enriched,and form a liquid ordered phase that facilitates the signaling proteins on and off. Lipid rafts are also involved in virus entry and assembly. In this review,we will discuss cholesterol-sphingolipid floating microdomain,the lipid raft as a unique compartment of the plasma membrane,with biological functions that ensure correct intracellular traffic of proteins and lipids,such as protein-protein interactions by concentrating certain proteins in these microdomains,while excluding others. We also discuss the disruption of lipid rafts is related to different diseases and aging,and we especially exploit the lipid rafts as pharmaceutical targets for anti-virus and anti-inflammation,particularly a new approach to control HIV infection for AIDS prevention and protection by inhibition or disruption of lipid rafts.展开更多
文摘癌症研究中常用癌旁组织(normal tissues adjacent to the tumour,NAT)作对照,而癌旁组织与无肿瘤的正常组织的基因表达谱是有差异的。癌旁组织特异性表达基因的存在通常会干扰传统的转录图谱研究,然而目前关于癌旁与无肿瘤组织的基因表达谱差异的研究相对较少。本研究对14例乳腺癌患者的癌组织、癌旁组织和对侧正常乳腺组织样本进行高深度RNA测序和分析,发现癌旁组织相比对侧正常乳腺组织有102个差异表达基因。基因富集和蛋白-蛋白互作分析揭示这些差异表达基因显著富集在肿瘤坏死因子(tumour necrosis factor,TNF)和上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)等癌症相关的基因集中。通过比较癌旁组织与癌组织、癌旁组织与对侧正常乳腺组织的转录图谱,发现23个癌旁组织特异性高表达的基因,即癌旁特异性激活(tumour-adjacent speci c activation,TASA)基因。这些基因显著富集在TNF基因集中,其中15个是新发现的基因。结果表明,TASA基因在乳腺癌癌旁组织中普遍存在,并且与免疫系统的TNF信号有关。癌旁中存在类肿瘤型表达模式的基因,这些基因可能与肿瘤形成有关,但是往往在肿瘤癌旁成对研究中被遗漏。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61376068,11304132,11304133 and11504147)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(lzujbky-2017-178 and lzujbky-2017-181)。
文摘本论文报道了一种高性能的自支撑超级电容器电极.通过一步水热工艺和随后的简单电化学处理,在碳布上制备了具有开裂树皮形状的镍-钴-锰三元金属硫化物(NiCoMnS_(4))纳米结构.该电极在1 A g^(-1)电流密度下,可实现高达2470.4 F g^(-1)的比容量,并展现出良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性.组装的基于活性炭//NiCoMnS_(4)构型的水系非对称超级电容器的电压窗口可达1.7 V;在850.1 W kg^(-1)功率密度下,获得了68.2 W h kg^(-1)的能量密度;在4 A g^(-1)电流密度下,经过10,000次循环后,容量保持率达92.5%.该电极材料制备方法简单且具有良好的储能性能,因此本研究对开发电化学性能良好的自支撑金属硫化物电极及相关高性能水系超级电容器具有重要的参考价值.
文摘The first appearance of lipid rafts,or lipid rafts-like structure,was occasionally observed by cryo-electronic microscopy in 1980s as cavity,such as caveolae. However,the fully understanding of lipid raft was attributed by the studies of T cell activation,virus entry/budding,and other membrane events. During the interaction of T cell and antigen presenting cell,a highly organized structure is formed at the interface of the two cells,where cholesterol and sphingolipids are enriched,and form a liquid ordered phase that facilitates the signaling proteins on and off. Lipid rafts are also involved in virus entry and assembly. In this review,we will discuss cholesterol-sphingolipid floating microdomain,the lipid raft as a unique compartment of the plasma membrane,with biological functions that ensure correct intracellular traffic of proteins and lipids,such as protein-protein interactions by concentrating certain proteins in these microdomains,while excluding others. We also discuss the disruption of lipid rafts is related to different diseases and aging,and we especially exploit the lipid rafts as pharmaceutical targets for anti-virus and anti-inflammation,particularly a new approach to control HIV infection for AIDS prevention and protection by inhibition or disruption of lipid rafts.
