Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a fast,non-invasive imaging modality that provides detailed information on retinal and choroidal vascular flow and macular structure.OCTA offers an accurate three-dimen...Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a fast,non-invasive imaging modality that provides detailed information on retinal and choroidal vascular flow and macular structure.OCTA offers an accurate three-dimensional view of the individual retinal vascular plexuses and the choriocapillaris which facilitates the detection of the microvascular abnormalities in a variety of macular diseases.The perfusion indices(vessel density and flow index)are valuable parameters evaluated by OCTA that allow a quantitative interpretation of changes in the retinal vasculature that can reflect the severity of disease.Crystalline retinopathy encompasses a group of conditions whose distinctive feature is the presence of retinal crystals often located in the posterior pole.Select crystalline retinopathies also demonstrate retinal vascular abnormalities as well.Considering that the OCTA is a novel imaging modality and crystalline retinopathies are relatively rare conditions,there are currently few reports of OCTA findings associated with crystalline retinopathy.The advent of OCTA allows visualization of vascular and structural changes in crystalline retinopathies that are unique and cannot be appreciated on other imaging modalities,including fluorescein angiography(FA).This article reviews novel OCTA findings which provide new insights in the pathogenesis of crystalline retinopathies,including Bietti crystalline retinopathy,talc retinopathy,macular telangiectasia type 2,tamoxifen retinopathy,and Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome maculopathy.展开更多
文摘Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a fast,non-invasive imaging modality that provides detailed information on retinal and choroidal vascular flow and macular structure.OCTA offers an accurate three-dimensional view of the individual retinal vascular plexuses and the choriocapillaris which facilitates the detection of the microvascular abnormalities in a variety of macular diseases.The perfusion indices(vessel density and flow index)are valuable parameters evaluated by OCTA that allow a quantitative interpretation of changes in the retinal vasculature that can reflect the severity of disease.Crystalline retinopathy encompasses a group of conditions whose distinctive feature is the presence of retinal crystals often located in the posterior pole.Select crystalline retinopathies also demonstrate retinal vascular abnormalities as well.Considering that the OCTA is a novel imaging modality and crystalline retinopathies are relatively rare conditions,there are currently few reports of OCTA findings associated with crystalline retinopathy.The advent of OCTA allows visualization of vascular and structural changes in crystalline retinopathies that are unique and cannot be appreciated on other imaging modalities,including fluorescein angiography(FA).This article reviews novel OCTA findings which provide new insights in the pathogenesis of crystalline retinopathies,including Bietti crystalline retinopathy,talc retinopathy,macular telangiectasia type 2,tamoxifen retinopathy,and Sjögren-Larsson Syndrome maculopathy.
