Comparative Analysis of Antioxidants in Hippophae rhamnoides L. Leaves by UPLC

[Objectives]The research aimed to compare antioxidation abilities of different extraction phases of Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves extract and find its active marker. [Methods] H. rhamnoides L. leaves were extracted firstly by 75% of ethanol,and then were extracted by petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butanol in turn after decompression concentration. Via DPPH and ABTS^+ radical scavenging experiments and Fe^(3+) reduction experiment,antioxidation activity of each phase was evaluated. And chemical compositions related to its antioxidation activity were determined by using UPLC for qualitative identification. [Results] Antioxidation activity sequence of each phase was ethyl acetate phase≈n-butanol phase > alcohol extract of raw material > water phase > chloroform phase > petroleum ether phase. 33 kinds of chemical compositions were isolated from alcohol extract and extracts by using UPLC. [Conclusions] UPLC and antioxidation activity test were used simultaneously to analyze alcohol extract and extracts of H. rhamnoides L. leaves,which could fast and accurately determine extraction phase with the strongest antioxidation ability. The research is significant to study active ingredients and mechanism of antioxidation from H. rhamnoides L. leaves.

Changes in Active Components before and after Microorganism Fermentation of Rhizoma Paridis(Chonglou)

[Objectives] To study the changes in active components before and after microorganism fermentation of Rhizoma Paridis( Chonglou). [Methods]Analytical methods using total saponins and total flavonoids as indicators were established. UV spectrophotometry was used to determine the changes in active components before and after fermentation of Rhizoma Paridis. [Results] The content of total saponins decreased after fermentation,while the content of total flavonoids increased. [Conclusions]The content of total saponins decreased after fermentation and the content of total flavonoids increased. The fermentation process of Monascus purpureus Went. needs further optimization.

Comparison on Morphology and Micromorphology of Paris polyphylla Sm. var. polyphylla with Different Year Numbers

[Objectives] The research aimed to identify Paris polyphylla with different growth year numbers and evaluate its resource quality.[Methods]Comparative research on P. polyphylla with different growth year numbers was conducted by using morphological identification and microscopic identification method. [Results] By contrasting original plant morphology,transverse sections of rhizome and fibrous root,powder,it displayed that microstructure of P. polyphylla had regularity difference in cell shape and size,duct quantity,trait and size,size and distribution of calcium oxalate cluster crystal. [Conclusions] The microstructure change of P. polyphylla was related to the number of its growth year,which could provide the reference for identifying the growth year number of P. polyphylla and evaluating its resource quality.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Active Components of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizome by UPLC-DAD

[Objectives] To determine the content of neoastilbin,astilbin,neoisoastilbin,isoastilbin,engeletin,and resveratrol in Smilacis glabrae rhizome. [Methods] The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode array detection( UPLC-DAD) was developed. Analysis conditions as follows: waters Acquity UHPLC HT3 C18 chromatographic column( 2.1 × 100 mm),column temperature 30 ℃,mobile phase acetonitrile( A)-0.1% phosphoric acid( B) gradient elution,flow rate 0.2 mL/min,and detection wavelength 327 nm. [Results]Results indicated that the content of astilbin,neoastilbin,isoastilbin,neoisoastilbin,engeletin,and resveratrol in 10 samples of Smilacis glabrae rhizome was 1.313-6.1755 mg,0.013-3.699 mg,0.146-0.975 mg,0.137-0.7 mg,0.147-0.797 mg,0.077-0.112 mg,respectively. [Conclusions]This method is high efficient,convenient and accurate,and can be used as the method for quality control of Smilacis glabrae rhizome.

Identification of Yi Medicine Mubaribo

[Objectives] To identify original plant and traits of Yi medicine Mubaribo( Verbenae herba) and provide effective experimental data for its identification and application.[Methods]The original plant,traits,and microscopic identification were used.[Results]Stem was square,the edges of basal leaves usually had rough saw teeth and notches; most cauline leaves were three parted,edges of lobes have uneven saw teeth,both edges had hard hair; spikes were terminal and axillary,thin and delicate; corolla was light purple to blue. Epidermal cells of stem were long polygonal or quasi-rectangular,vertical wall was straight with pores; lower epidermal cells of leaves were vertical to wall and took on wavy bending; pores were infinitive or anisocytic; 3-5 subsidiary cells; 4 glandularscale head cells,stalk single cell,non-glandular single cell; pollen grains were quasi-circular or quasi-triangular,smooth surface,and 3 germination apertures. [Conclusions] Yi medicine Mubaribo has distinctive identifying characteristics in original plant,traits,and microscopic tissues. This study is expected to provide certain reference for identification of original plant and medicine and formulation of quality standard for Yi medicine Mubaribo,and to provide basis for its further research and development.