Insect repellent DEET and sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone play an essential role in minimizing vector-borne diseases and skin cancers.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emulsion type,addition ...Insect repellent DEET and sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone play an essential role in minimizing vector-borne diseases and skin cancers.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emulsion type,addition of thickening agent and droplet size in three emulsion-based lotions on percutaneous permeation of DEET and oxybenzone using in vitro diffusion experiments,in order to minimize overall systemic permeation of the substances.Formulation C(water-in-oil emulsion)significantly increased overall permeation of DEET through human skin(56%)compared to Formulation A(oil-in-water emulsion).Formulation B(oil-in-water emulsion with thickening agent xanthan gum)significantly decreased the size of oil droplet containing DEET(16%),but no effect on oil droplets containing oxybenzone.Adding xanthan gum also increased overall permeation of DEET and oxybenzone(21%and 150%)when compared to Formulation A;presence of both ingredients in Formulation B further increased their permeation(36%and 23%)in comparison to its single counterparts.Overall permeation of oxybenzone through LDPE was significantly higher by 26%-628%than that through human skin;overall permeation of DEET through human skin was significantly higher by 64%-338%than that through LDPE.展开更多
基金support from Canada Foundation for Innovation(CFI)Manitoba Institute of Child Health(MICH)graduate studentship from MHRC(TW).
文摘Insect repellent DEET and sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone play an essential role in minimizing vector-borne diseases and skin cancers.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emulsion type,addition of thickening agent and droplet size in three emulsion-based lotions on percutaneous permeation of DEET and oxybenzone using in vitro diffusion experiments,in order to minimize overall systemic permeation of the substances.Formulation C(water-in-oil emulsion)significantly increased overall permeation of DEET through human skin(56%)compared to Formulation A(oil-in-water emulsion).Formulation B(oil-in-water emulsion with thickening agent xanthan gum)significantly decreased the size of oil droplet containing DEET(16%),but no effect on oil droplets containing oxybenzone.Adding xanthan gum also increased overall permeation of DEET and oxybenzone(21%and 150%)when compared to Formulation A;presence of both ingredients in Formulation B further increased their permeation(36%and 23%)in comparison to its single counterparts.Overall permeation of oxybenzone through LDPE was significantly higher by 26%-628%than that through human skin;overall permeation of DEET through human skin was significantly higher by 64%-338%than that through LDPE.
