The bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum(R.solanacearum)delivered type III secretion effectors to inhibit the immune system and cause bacterial wilt on potato.Protein phosphatases are key regulators in plant immu...The bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum(R.solanacearum)delivered type III secretion effectors to inhibit the immune system and cause bacterial wilt on potato.Protein phosphatases are key regulators in plant immunity,which pathogens can manipulate to alter host processes.Here,we show that a type III effector RipAS can reduce the nucleolar accumulation of a type one protein phosphatase(PP1)StTOPP6 to promote bacterial wilt.StTOPP6 was used as bait in the Yeast two-Hybrid(Y2H)assay and acquired an effector RipAS that interacts with it.RipAS was characterized as a virulence effector to contribute to R.solanacearum infection,and stable expression of RipAS in potato impaired plant resistance against R.solanacearum.Overexpression of StTOPP6 showed enhanced disease symptoms when inoculated with wild strain UW551 but not the ripAS deletion mutant,indicating that the expression of StTOPP6 facilitates the virulence of RipAS.RipAS reduced the nucleolar accumulation of StTOPP6,which occurred during R.solanacearum infection.Moreover,the association also widely existed between other PP1s and RipAS.We argue that RipAS is a virulence effector associated with PP1s to promote bacterial wilt.展开更多
为探究辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附性能,以辣木籽壳为原料,1000℃热解、KOH改性制备生物炭,采用平衡吸附法研究改性前后生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附机理。结果表明:当p H 7.0时,加入同样量的辣木籽壳生物炭,改性后辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+...为探究辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附性能,以辣木籽壳为原料,1000℃热解、KOH改性制备生物炭,采用平衡吸附法研究改性前后生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附机理。结果表明:当p H 7.0时,加入同样量的辣木籽壳生物炭,改性后辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附效果优于改性前。吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型。造成这种吸附差异的原因与生物炭的比表面积、孔隙结构和芳香结构以及SiO_(2)含量有关。综上所述,所制备的辣木籽壳生物质活性炭在一定范围内对Cu^(2+)有良好的去除作用。展开更多
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201789)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-09).
文摘The bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum(R.solanacearum)delivered type III secretion effectors to inhibit the immune system and cause bacterial wilt on potato.Protein phosphatases are key regulators in plant immunity,which pathogens can manipulate to alter host processes.Here,we show that a type III effector RipAS can reduce the nucleolar accumulation of a type one protein phosphatase(PP1)StTOPP6 to promote bacterial wilt.StTOPP6 was used as bait in the Yeast two-Hybrid(Y2H)assay and acquired an effector RipAS that interacts with it.RipAS was characterized as a virulence effector to contribute to R.solanacearum infection,and stable expression of RipAS in potato impaired plant resistance against R.solanacearum.Overexpression of StTOPP6 showed enhanced disease symptoms when inoculated with wild strain UW551 but not the ripAS deletion mutant,indicating that the expression of StTOPP6 facilitates the virulence of RipAS.RipAS reduced the nucleolar accumulation of StTOPP6,which occurred during R.solanacearum infection.Moreover,the association also widely existed between other PP1s and RipAS.We argue that RipAS is a virulence effector associated with PP1s to promote bacterial wilt.
文摘为探究辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附性能,以辣木籽壳为原料,1000℃热解、KOH改性制备生物炭,采用平衡吸附法研究改性前后生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附机理。结果表明:当p H 7.0时,加入同样量的辣木籽壳生物炭,改性后辣木籽壳生物炭对Cu^(2+)的吸附效果优于改性前。吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型。造成这种吸附差异的原因与生物炭的比表面积、孔隙结构和芳香结构以及SiO_(2)含量有关。综上所述,所制备的辣木籽壳生物质活性炭在一定范围内对Cu^(2+)有良好的去除作用。
