A novel pathogen Fusarium cuneirostrum causing common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris)root rot in China

Several fungal pathogens cause root rot of common bean,among which Fusarium spp.are the most common pathogens causing Fusarium root rot(FRR)worldwide.FRR has been becoming an increasingly severe disease of common bean in China,but the species of Fusarium spp.have remained unclear.Thus,this study was performed to identify the pathogen causing common bean root rot in Liangcheng County,Inner Mongolia,China.Nineteen Fusarium-like isolates were obtained after pathogen isolation and purification.The pathogenicity test indicated that eight isolates caused severe disease symptoms on common bean,while 11 other isolates were not pathogenic.The eight pathogenic isolates,FCL1–FCL8,were identified as Fusarium cuneirostrum by morphological characterization and phylogenetic analysis using partial sequences of EF-1α,ITS,28S,and IGS regions.Host range test showed that the representative F.cuneirostrum isolate FCL3 was also pathogenic to mung bean,while not pathogenic to adzuki bean,chickpea,cowpea,faba bean,pea,and soybean.Moreover,50 common bean and 50 mung bean cultivars were screened for resistance to FRR,and seven highly resistant or resistant cultivars of common bean were identified,while no resistant cultivars of mung bean were screened.This study revealed that F.cuneirostrum was one of common bean FRR pathogens in Inner Mongolia and it could induce mung bean root rot as well.To our knowledge,this is the first report of F.cuneirostrum causing FRR of common bean in China.

煤层自燃防治技术

在各种煤矿事故中,煤层自燃火灾是占比例很高的一种。煤层一旦发生自燃,不仅会严重浪费煤炭资源,而且容易造成瓦斯粉尘爆炸事故,威胁矿山生产安全,造成巨额经济损失,甚至危及矿工的生命安全。

Anaerobic benzene biodegradation by a pure bacterial culture of Bacillus cereus under nitrate reducing conditions

A pure culture using benzene as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated by screening procedure from gasoline contaminated soil.The analysis of the 16S rDNA gene sequence,morphological and physiological characteristics showed that the isolated strain was a member of genus Bacillus cereus.The biodegradation performance of benzene by B.cereus was evaluated,and the results showed that benzene could be efficiently biodegraded when the initial benzene concentration was below 150 mg/L.The metabolites of anaerobic nitrate-dependent benzene oxidation by strain B.cereus were identified as phenol and benzoate.The results of substrate interaction between binary combinations for benzene,phenol and benzoate showed that the simultaneous presence of benzene stimulated the degradation of benzoate,whereas the addition of benzene inhibited the degradation of phenol.Benzene degradation by B.cereus was enhanced by the addition of phenol and benzoate,the enhanced effects were more pronounced at higher concentration.To our knowledge,this is the first report that the isolated bacterial culture of B.cereus can efficiently degraded benzene under nitrate reducing conditions.

Plasma metabolomics combined with personalized diagnosis guided by Chinese medicine reveals subtypes of chronic heart failure

Background:Chronic heart failure(CHF)is characterized by insufficient blood supply from heart to meet the body’s metabolic demands.Integrating Western and traditional Chinese medicine to treat CHF has proved a validated therapeutic approach.In recent years,metabolomics has been regarded as a potential platform to provide biomarkers for diseasesubtypes.Objective:To examine 38 patients,combined NMR plasma metabolomics and traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis in order to identify diagnostic biomarkers for two CHF syndrome subtypes.Methods:After processing the spectra,orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis was performed,and the contributing NMR signals were analyzed using Y-scrambling statistical validation with good reliability.Results:Plasma metabolic patterns of yin deficiency and yang deficiency patients were clearly discriminated.The yin-deficiency group had increased level of lactate,glycoprotein,lipoprotein and lower levels of glucose,valine and proline.The yang-deficiency group had higher levels of lactate,glycoprotein and pyruvic acid,and lower levels of glucose and lipoprotein.Potential biomarkers of CHF based on the two traditional Chinese medicine syndromes indicated alternative modes of metabolites and metabolic pathways in the disease,e.g.dysfunction of energy utilization and disturbance in fatty acids,amino acids.Conclusion:This study suggests that combining metabolomics with traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis can reveal metabolic signatures for CHF syndrome subtypes.The plasma metabolites identified might be of special clinical relevance for subtypes of CHF,which could lead to further understanding of mechanisms involved and an improvement in personalized treatment for CHF.

Proportional Fairness-Based Power Allocation Algorithm for Downlink NOMA 5G Wireless Networks

Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)is one of the key 5G technology which can improve spectrum efficiency and increase the number of user connections by utilizing the resources in a non-orthogonal manner.NOMA allows multiple terminals to share the same resource unit at the same time.The receiver usually needs to configure successive interference cancellation(SIC).The receiver eliminates co-channel interference(CCI)between users and it can significantly improve the system throughput.In order to meet the demands of users and improve fairness among them,this paper proposes a new power allocation scheme.The objective is to maximize user fairness by deploying the least fairness in multiplexed users.However,the objective function obtained is non-convex which is converted into convex form by utilizing the optimal Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)constraints.Simulation results show that the proposed power allocation scheme gives better performance than the existing schemes which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Combination of Astragalus membranaceus and Euonymus alatus (THUNB.) SIEB. for treatment of diabetes: A network-based pharmacology research

Objective:To find the target genes in combination of astragalus root(Astragalus membranaceus)and spindle tree wings(Euonymus alatus(THUNB.)SIEB.)(Qijian Heji)with the function of regulating blood glucose levels in kk mice by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR).To achieve the primary exploration on the material basis for Qijian Heji to improve the blood glucose levels of type 2 diabetic kk mice.Methods:We applied RT-PCR to detecting the expression of gene targets in kidney tissues of type 2 diabetes model kk mice.The detected gene targets were predicted by the network pharmacology method in the early stage of the project.Through the observation of the hypoglycemic effect of different ratios of Qijian Heji,the optimal proportion was determined and then used to conduct research of material basis.Results:Continuous administration of Qijian Heji(astragalus root:spindle tree wings Z 3:1)for six weeks resulted in significantly lowering blood glucose levels in mice in the fourth week,dropping from 33.3 to 21.9 mmol/L;this lower level was maintained in the fifth to sixth weeks.Blood glucose values in the positive drug group decreased from 33.3 to 21.85 mmol/L in the fourth week and maintained steady decreasing in the fifth and sixth weeks.Conclusion:Qijian Heji,with proportion of 3:1,could significantly reduce the blood glucose values in kk mice,animal experiment results verified the accurate prediction of network pharmacology,and at the same time,it is verified there was a certain therapeutic effect about the combination of the two herbs on reducing the glucose value.Animal experiments and RT-PCR results showed that Qijian Heji conducted a hypoglycemic effect by modulating estrogen receptor(ESR1)and renin(REN)expression.

带式输送机转弯装置在工作面回采中的应用

边角煤工作面开采因顺槽布置的不规则,常规胶带无法适应现场实际情况的困难日渐突出,为适应井下实际生产的需要,借用原有的采区主要运输巷道,通过引进DZ-V型带式输送机转弯装置,实现运输顺槽与采区主运输煤流路线直接搭接,达到多个工作面共用采区主皮带机头动力,无需在工作面顺槽安装胶带机动力的效果。

Evaluation of Chinese medicine on heart failure based on NMR metabolomics

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese herbs on heart failure(HF)using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomics.Methods:Plasma metabolomics was conducted on both patients with HF and healthy controls.The partial least squares model was applied to determine potential metabolic markers and related metabolic pathways of the disease.HF patients with the traditional Chinese syndrome pattern of qi deficiency and blood stasis were divided into two groups,and treated,respectively,with conventional medicine and a combination of conventional and Chinese herbs,aimed at tonifying qi and activating blood.Healthy participants served as a control group for comparison.Results and conclusion:Both conventional and herbal treatments appear to regulate disorders of amino acid and glucose metabolism.Combined treatment appears to be more comprehensive,indicating that herbal and conventional medicines exert their effects through different mechanisms in treating HF.It can be further inferred that herbs that tonify qi and activate blood may regulate different essential metabolites.

Mechanism of Wuweijiangyasan in the Treatment of Spontaneous Hypertension based on Network Pharmacology

Background:Hypertension affects over 1 billion people globally and is the top risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Wuweijiangyasan(WWJYS),as an empirical prescription,has stable depressurization effects.This study investigated the chemical composition and pharmacodynamic effects of WWJYS in regulating the blood pressure(BP),emotion,and blood lipid of spontaneous hypertensive rats,and further explored the depressurization mechanism of WWJYS.Materials and Methods:This study used network pharmacology to identify the origins and predict targets of WWJYS,and artificial intelligence-based molecular docking is used to further predict targets and mechanisms.The chemical constituents of WWJYS were analyzed and identified by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(MS)/MS.Results:In the WWJYS group,the systolic BP level significantly was decreased,and the HR was stable.The irritability became stable after the 5-week treatment compared with the model group(P<0.05).Rats’rotation tolerance time increased after 2-weeks stabilization.Compared with the model group,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein and mRNA of the WWJYS group increased significantly(P<0.05).Network pharmacology collected 64 compounds and identified 22 potential targets of WWJYS for antihypertensive activity.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis showed that WWJYS might regulate smooth muscle cells,affect inflammatory response and improve endothelial function through multiple pathways.The molecular docking study further supported that the target proteins have good combinations with the main active components of WWJYS.Conclusions:The data indicated that WWJYS had significant depressurization,analgesic,and sedative,as well as lipid-lowering effects,and the depressurization mechanism of WWJYS may function in multiple signal pathways,especially in improving blood vessel function and intervening inflammation.

String similarity search and join： a survey

String similarity search and join are two impor- tant operations in data cleaning and integration, which ex- tend traditional exact search and exact join operations in databases by tolerating the errors and inconsistencies in the data. They have many real-world applications, such as spell checking, duplicate detection, entity resolution, and webpage clustering. Although these two problems have been exten- sively studied in the recent decade, there is no thorough sur- vey. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on string similarity search and join. We first give the problem definitions and introduce widely-used similarity functions to quantify the similarity. We then present an extensive set of algorithms for siring similarity search and join. We also dis- cuss their variants, including approximate entity extraction, type-ahead search, and approximate substring matching. Fi- nally, we provide some open datasets and summarize some research challenges and open problems.

Revisiting the TALE repeat

Transcription activator-like （TAL） effectors specifically bind to double stranded （ds） DNA through a central domain of tandem repeats. Each TAL effector （TALE） repeat comprises 33-35 amino acids and recognizes one specific DNA base through a highly variable residue at a fixed position in the repeat. Structural studies have revealed the molecular basis of DNA recognition by TALE repeats. Examination of the overall structure reveals that the basic building block of TALE protein, namely a helical hairpin, is one-helix shifted from the previously defined TALE motif. Here we wish to suggest a structure-based re-demarcation of the TALE repeat which starts with the residues that bind to the DNA backbone phosphate and concludes with the base-rec- ognition hyper-variable residue. This new numbering system is consistent with the （=-solenoid superfamily to which TALE belongs, and reflects the structural integrity of TAL effectors. In addition, it confers integral number of TALE repeats that matches the number of bound DNA bases. We then present fifteen crystal structures of engineered dHax3 variants in complex with target DNA molecules, which elucidate the structural basis for the recognition of bases adenine （A） and guanine （G） by reported or uncharacterized TALE codes. Finally, we analyzed the sequence-structure correlation of the amino acid residues within a TALE repeat. The structural analyses reported here may advance the mechanistic understanding of TALE proteins and facilitate the design of TALEN with improved affinity and specificity.

Preface

Database and Artificial Intelligence(AI)can benefit from each other.On the one hand,AI can make database more intelligent(AI4DB)by exploiting learning-based techniques.On the other hand,database techniques can optimize AI models(DB4AI),such as reducing the complexity of using AI models and accelerating the deployment of AI algorithms.In this special section,we discuss 1)how to exploit AI or machine learning techniques for index design,performance tuning,query processing in database systems,and 2)how to utilize database and data management techniques to make AI models more reusable and more tolerant to dirty data.To promote the recent work on AI4DB and DB4AI,we organize this special section at Journal of Computer Science and Technology(JCST).We received 20 papers from all over the world.First,the guest editors preformed quick reviews and immediately rejected those of not sufficiently high quality submissions.Then,each remaining submission was reviewed by at least three invited international reviewers.All the papers were carried out two rounds of reviews,and the authors were asked to address all the major and minor issues in their submissions during the review process.Eventually we accepted seven high-quality submissions in terms of clarity,novelty,significance,and relevance.

Review on the Urban Design and Planning for Jiangbei CBD in Chongqing

This paper briefly introduces the core concepts and major contents of the urban design and planning for the Jiangbei CBD in Chongqing. It presents some important methods and ideas for overall urban design from empirical perspectives, so as to provide certain references and experiences to similar urban design and planning projects.