Acute idiopathic pancreatitis in pregnancy:A case study

Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy is a rare event,and can be associated with high maternal mortality and fetal loss.Gallstone disease is thought to be the most common causative factor of acute pancreatitis,but,in many cases,the cause remains unclear.We report a case of a 36-year-old woman at 35 wk of gestation,who presented with severe pain confined to the upper abdomen and radiating to the back.The patient was diagnosed with acute idiopathic pancreatitis,which was managed conservatively;she recovered within several days and then delivered a healthy baby.Therefore it is important to consider acute pancreatitis when a pregnant woman presents with upper abdominal pain,nausea and vomiting in order to improve fetal and maternal outcomes for patients with acute pancreatitis.

Effect of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor blocker and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on the intraocular growth factors and their receptors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

AIM： To investigate the effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker （ARB） and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor （ACEI） on intraocular growth factors and their receptors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS： Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups： control, diabetes mellitus （DM）, candesartan- treated DM, and enalapril-treated DM （each group, n---10）. After the induction of DM by streptozotocin, candesartan [ARB, 5 mg/（kg · d）] and enalapril [ACEI, 10 mg/（kg · d）] were administered to rats orally for 4Wko Vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and angiotensin II （Ang II） concentrations in the vitreous were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and VEGF receptor 2 and angiotensin II type 1 receptor （ATIR） levels were assessed at week 4 by Western blotting. RESULTS： Vitreous Ang II levels were significantly higher in the DM group and candesartan-treated DM group than in the control （P=0.04 and 0.005, respectively）. Vitreous ATIR increased significantly in DM compared to the other three groups （P〈0.007）. Candesartan-treated DM rats showed higher vitreal ATIR concentration than the enalapril-treated DM group and control （P〈0.001 and P=0.005, respectively）. No difference in vitreous Ang II and ATIR concentration was found between the enalapril- treated DM group and control. VEGF and its receptor were below the minimum detection limit in all 4 groups. CONCLUSION： Increased Ang II and ATIR in the hyperglycemic state indicate activated the intraocular renin-angiotensin system, which is inhibited more effectively by systemic ACEI than systemic ARB.

Hydrodynamics of air-kerosene bubble column under elevated pressure in homogeneous flow regime

A multiphase computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model coupled with the population balance equation(PBE)was developed in a homogeneous air-kerosene bubble column under elevated pressure(P).The specific pressure drop(ΔP/L),gas holdup(α_(G)),and Sauter mean diameter(d_(32))were experimentally measured in the bubble column with 1.8 m height and 0.1 m inner diameter,which was operated at a superficial gas velocity of 12.3 mm·s^(-1),and P=1-35 bar(1 bar=10^(5) Pa).A modified drag coefficient model was proposed to consider the effect of bubble swarm and pressure on hydrodynamics of the bubble column.The Luo breakage model was modified to account for liquid density,viscosity,surface tension and gas density.TheΔP/L,α_(G),and d_(32) obtained from the CFD model were compared with experimental data,and the gas density-dependent parameters of the CFD model were identified.With increasing P from 1 to 35 bar,theα_(G) varied from 5.4%to 7.2% and the d32 decreased from 2.3 to 1.5 mm.The CFD-PBE model is applicable to predict hydrodynamics of pressurized bubble columns for gas-organic liquid in the homogeneous regime.

Mobile lens- induced angle closure glaucoma and rubeosis iridis in Sturge Weber syndrome

Dear Sir,I am Dong Hyun Lee from the Department of Ophthalmology at the Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital,Yangsan,Korea.Herein,I present the development of a lens-induced angle closed glaucoma and iris neovascularization in the patient with Sturge Weber syndrome(SWS)with open angle glaucoma.Informed consent was obtained from a patient before each procedure The study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Neuromorphic devices based on fluorite-structured ferroelectrics

A continuous exponential rise has been observed in the storage and processing of the data that may not curtail in the foreseeable future.The required data processing speed and power consumption are restricted by the buses between the logic and memory devices that are characteristic of the von Neumann computing architecture.Bio-mimicking neuromorphic computing has garnered considerable academic and industrial interest to resolve these challenges.Additionally,devices based on emerging nonvolatile memories capable of mimicking the behaviors of synapses and neurons,which are the main elements in biological computing systems(brains),are attracting significant interest from the device community.With the discovery of ferroelectricity in fluorite-structured oxides,such as HfO2 and ZrO2,which are compatible with the state-of-the-art complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor processes,ferroelectric devices have rapidly evolved as the main direction of these research and development activities.Fundamental science related to fluorite-structured ferroelectrics has been intensively studied over the last decade.At present,the focus is gradually moving to practical applications,including neuromorphic computing and advanced classical processing or memory units in the conventional von Neumann architecture.However,despite its rapid development,the wealth of recent progress in neuromorphic computing devices based on fluorite-structured ferroelectrics has not been reviewed and systemized.This progress report comprehensively reviews and systemizes the recent progress in artificial synaptic and spiking neuron devices for neuromorphic computing based on fluorite-structured ferroelectrics.

Optical Properties of Laterally Aligned Si Nanowires for Transparent Electronics Applications

我们调查了 nanowire (SiNW ) 穿以便在透明电子学探索他们的潜在的适用性的旁边地排列的 Si 的光性质。SiNW 数组展出了好光透明性在可见光谱每 10 m 为 2025 的 NW 密度与 90% 的发射度变化。另外，极化依赖者大小在取决于在事件光和 NW 轴的极化之间的角度的 80%95% 的范围在发射度揭示了一个变化。用 SiNWs，我们证明透明晶体管展出好光透明性(比 80% 大) 并且显示出的典型 p 类型 SiNW 晶体管特征。

Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the nanoscale.However,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap concentration.In particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent polarization.To address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial layer.The deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with Si.Our findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μC/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film.Therefore,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.