To build the artificial forest ecosystem is the major eco-economic development model in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir. It is very important to evaluate the benefits of those ecosystems. Emergy theories are very hel...To build the artificial forest ecosystem is the major eco-economic development model in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir. It is very important to evaluate the benefits of those ecosystems. Emergy theories are very helpful for us to establish a science-based assessment framework. Emergy evaluation of the artificial forest ecosystems in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir is used to asses the relative values of several ecological functions (sometimes called ecosystem services) and main ecosystem storages (sometimes called natural capital). The main driving energies, internal processes and storages are evaluated. The main functions, including transpiration, GPP and infiltration, are evaluated, which are 609em$/ha/yr, 6,245em$/ha/yr and 340em$/ha/yr respectively. The total values of major environmental services are 4,683em$/ha/yr in the artificial forest ecosystem. The main storages of natural capital including live biomass, soil moisture, organic matter, underground water and landform are estimated, which are 112,028em$/ha, 9em$/ha, 40,718em$/ha, 34em$/ha and 6,400,514em$/ha respectively. The largest value is landform, which accounts for 97.7% of these calculated total emdollar values. The concept of replacement value is explored using the emergy values of both ecosystem services and natural capital. The total calculated replacement values are 302,160em$/ha.展开更多
The nexus exploration among land use/land cover change,ecosystem services and human well-being has been increasingly crucial in the context of Future Earth.However,the spatial heterogeneity and the entwining process a...The nexus exploration among land use/land cover change,ecosystem services and human well-being has been increasingly crucial in the context of Future Earth.However,the spatial heterogeneity and the entwining process among these three aspects have not yet been in-depth and systematically explored.Here we identified the spatiotemporal pattern of ecosystem services during the past 20 years in Yushu,the eco-fragile region and the centre of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,as well as clarified its relationships with land use change and human well-being.We revealed that:(1)The structure of the ecosystem and land use in this area have been increasingly stable,and the ecological projects have exerted a positive impact.(2)Although the ecological environmental issues still need more attention,the ecosystem services of the area have been positively developing.(3)Derived by the ecosystem services increase,environmental projects and policies,the human well-beings of culture and education performed much better than other aspects.(4)It is crucial to carry out long-term ecological projects and increase educational investment for maintaining the stability of this ecologically fragile area.This study provides significant support for the regional ecological sustainability decision making,especially for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the roof of the world.展开更多
文摘To build the artificial forest ecosystem is the major eco-economic development model in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir. It is very important to evaluate the benefits of those ecosystems. Emergy theories are very helpful for us to establish a science-based assessment framework. Emergy evaluation of the artificial forest ecosystems in the watershed of Miyun Reservoir is used to asses the relative values of several ecological functions (sometimes called ecosystem services) and main ecosystem storages (sometimes called natural capital). The main driving energies, internal processes and storages are evaluated. The main functions, including transpiration, GPP and infiltration, are evaluated, which are 609em$/ha/yr, 6,245em$/ha/yr and 340em$/ha/yr respectively. The total values of major environmental services are 4,683em$/ha/yr in the artificial forest ecosystem. The main storages of natural capital including live biomass, soil moisture, organic matter, underground water and landform are estimated, which are 112,028em$/ha, 9em$/ha, 40,718em$/ha, 34em$/ha and 6,400,514em$/ha respectively. The largest value is landform, which accounts for 97.7% of these calculated total emdollar values. The concept of replacement value is explored using the emergy values of both ecosystem services and natural capital. The total calculated replacement values are 302,160em$/ha.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program,No.2019QZKK0608National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42171275China Science&Technology Supporting Program 2017YFE0100400。
文摘The nexus exploration among land use/land cover change,ecosystem services and human well-being has been increasingly crucial in the context of Future Earth.However,the spatial heterogeneity and the entwining process among these three aspects have not yet been in-depth and systematically explored.Here we identified the spatiotemporal pattern of ecosystem services during the past 20 years in Yushu,the eco-fragile region and the centre of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,as well as clarified its relationships with land use change and human well-being.We revealed that:(1)The structure of the ecosystem and land use in this area have been increasingly stable,and the ecological projects have exerted a positive impact.(2)Although the ecological environmental issues still need more attention,the ecosystem services of the area have been positively developing.(3)Derived by the ecosystem services increase,environmental projects and policies,the human well-beings of culture and education performed much better than other aspects.(4)It is crucial to carry out long-term ecological projects and increase educational investment for maintaining the stability of this ecologically fragile area.This study provides significant support for the regional ecological sustainability decision making,especially for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the roof of the world.
