Analyses of Reaction Mechanisms among Different Sulfonation Reagents and m-Diphenylamine and Crystal Structures of the Formed Compounds

In the traditional process, m-phenylenediamine reacts with fuming sulfuric acid at high temperature to get intermediates, and then after dehydration occurs intramolecular rearrangement to get 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid. Traditional methods need to consume a lot of fuming sulfuric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, resulting in high industrial large-scale production cost, more waste, and posing a serious environmental pollution risk. In this thesis, three different sulfonation reagents were used for the sulfonation reaction of m-phenylenediamine, and the reaction mechanisms and crystal structures of the three pathways were investigated. The three routes are: 1) one-step synthesis of monosulfonated compound 1 from raw material and sulfur trioxide (SO3);2) rapid reaction of raw material and chlorosulfonic acid to synthesize bisulfonated compound 2;3) direct eutectic crystallization of raw material and ordinary sulfuric acid to obtain compound 3. The crystal structure of the compounds synthesized by three paths was analyzed by X-ray single crystal diffraction, and compound 1 was characterized by NMR, Fourier infrared spectra, UV-visible spectrum and Mass spectrometry. The one-step synthesis of SO3 as a sulfonation reagent has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple operation and low cost.

区域智慧教育多级联动服务体系构建研究

区域智慧教育是新一代信息技术与教育深度融合、创新发展而产生的新型教育模式,代表着区域教育信息化未来的发展方向和趋势,但在推进过程中依然面临着诸多困难:教育应用系统繁多且使用率低;教育需求动态多变,系统建设难以统筹规划;教育应用系统持续维护难;教育数据难以实现互联互通;教育数据价值挖掘不足,难以支持精准服务等。构建“横向互联、纵向贯通、全面覆盖”的多级联动服务体系将有助于以上问题的破解,并在推动基于数据驱动的教育顶层设计和精准决策、推进区域教育信息化深度融合和可持续发展、实现与智慧城市系统的深度对接等方面有着重要的价值。多级联动服务架构包括基础服务层、中台服务层和应用服务层。基础服务层汇聚多方云平台的通用服务,根据教育业务需求的实际变化进行动态资源调配,以满足基本的教育需求;中台服务层采用“业务+数据”双中台架构,实现各教育业务板块之间的联通和协同,完成教育应用系统之间的数据贯通及跨业务系统的数据对接;应用服务层基于微服务架构,并根据实际的教育业务需求对各类教育应用进行分类重组,为不同用户呈现更加精准化、智能化的微应用和微服务。

Research progress and future development trends of venous sinus stents

Venous sinus stent implantation is an emerging endovascular treatment technique effectively applied in diseases such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.However,arterial stents are commonly used in clinical practice for venous sinus stent implantation,which is off-label and carries high risks and poor prognosis,highlighting the necessity of developing venous sinus-specific stents.This narrative review discusses the current situation and problems of venous sinus stent implantation and looks forward to the design focus and future development prospects of venous sinus-specific stents.

A Study of Advanced Efficient Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Electric Propulsion and Energy Source

Recently global warming and the depletion of fuel resources have accelerated researchers’ efforts to produce more efficient and clean alternatives. This research presents a comprehensive review of the different adjustments/con figurations of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), traction motors for power systems, and wireless speed control of traction drive. Electronic installation of technology can reduce pollution efficiently and effectively. The efficient operation has always been one of the most common investigators’ objectives in the automotive industry and academic areas. There are several renewable energy resources for hybrid vehicles that will replace depleted gasoline worldwide. The purpose of this paper is the development of more efficient pure EVs, HEVs, and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) present both a challenge and a definite solution to current mobility issues. Fuel consumption in cars is a concern due to the harmful effects on the environment. Among other battery sources, fuel cells (FC), super capacitors (SC), and photovoltaic cells are studied for vehicle application. A combination of these renewable energy sources can be used for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) in the next generation of transportation. With the significant progress of automobile technology, the hybrid electric vehicle has already become the main achievement of transportation electrification due to its excellent fuel-saving performance.

Failure analysis and control technology of intersections of large‑scale variable cross‑section roadways in deep soft rock

In deep underground mining,achieving stable support for roadways along with long service life is critical and the complex geological environment at such depths frequently presents a major challenge.Owing to the coupling action of multiple factors such as deep high stress,adjacent faults,cross-layer design,weak lithology,broken surrounding rock,variable cross-sections,wide sections up to 9.9 m,and clusters of nearby chambers,there was severe deformation and breakdown in the No.10 intersection of the roadway of large-scale variable cross-section at the−760 m level in a coal mine.As there are insufcient examples in engineering methods pertaining to the geological environment described above,the numerical calculation model was oversimplifed and support theory underdeveloped;therefore,it is imperative to develop an efective support system for the stability and sustenance of deep roadways.In this study,a quantitative analysis of the geological environment of the roadway through feld observations,borehole-scoping,and ground stress testing is carried out to establish the FLAC 3D variable cross-section crossing roadway model.This model is combined with the strain softening constitutive(surrounding rock)and Mohr–Coulomb constitutive(other deep rock formations)models to construct a compression arch mechanical model for deep soft rock,based on the quadratic parabolic Mohr criterion.An integrated control technology of bolting and grouting that is mainly composed of a high-strength hollow grouting cable bolt equipped with modifed cement grouting materials and a high-elongation cable bolt is developed by analyzing the strengthening properties of the surrounding rock before and after bolting,based on the Heok-Brown criterion.As a result of on-site practice,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The plastic zone of the roof of the cross roadway is approximately 6 m deep in this environment,the tectonic stress is nearly 30 MPa,and the surrounding rock is severely fractured.(2)The deformation of the roadway progressively increases from small to large cross-sections,almost doubling at the largest cross-section.The plastic zone is concentrated at the top plate and shoulder and decreases progressively from the two sides to the bottom corner.The range of stress concentration at the sides of the intersection roadway close to the passageway is wider and higher.(3)The 7 m-thick reinforced compression arch constructed under the strengthening support scheme has a bearing capacity enhanced by 1.8 to 2.3 times and increase in thickness of the bearing structure by 1.76 times as compared to the original scheme.(4)The increase in the mechanical parameters c andφof the surrounding rock after anchoring causes a signifcant increase inσt;the pulling force of the cable bolt beneath the new grouting material is more than twice that of ordinary cement grout,and according to the test,the supporting stress feld shows that the 7.24 m surrounding rock is compacted and strengthened in addition to providing a strong foundation for the bolt(cable).On-site monitoring shows that the 60-days convergence is less than 30 mm,indicating that the stability control of the roadway is successful.

Magnetostratigraphy and provenance of the Qingzhou loess in Shandong province

Loess deposits with varying thickness are widely distributed on the intermontane valleys and piedmont zones on the northern side of the central Shandong mountainous regions. However, the basal ages and material resources of the loess deposits are not clear. The paper studied the Qingzhou loess profile in Shandong with magnetostratigraphic and optical stimulated luminescence （OSL） methods and further investigated its main provenances with the mineralogical methods. The magnetostratigraphic results showed that the Brunhes/Matuyama （B/M） reversal boundary was not recognized, suggesting a basal age younger than 0.78 Ma. Extrapolations by sedimentation rates, based on the upper part depositional rate from the OSL age, the basal age of the Qingzhou loess is about 0.5 Ma. Until now, older loess deposits have not been reported on the northern side of the central Shandong mountainous regions. The results of the paper indicate that the loess deposits in this area might have strated from the Middle Pleistocene. The basal age of Qingzhou loess is approximately synchronous with the Xiashu loess in the middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River. Major components of clay minerals in the Qingzhou profile are dominated by illite. Other clay mineral compositions are mainly smectite, chlorite and kaolinite, which are similar with the Xifeng loess in the Loess Plateau. However, the contents of smectite and the ratios of illite and kaolinte in the Qingzhou loess samples are higher than those in the Xifeng loess samples of the Loess Plateau, indicating that the loess in the northern side of the central Shandong mountainous regions has different sources from that of the loess deposits in the Loess Plateau. The clay mineral analysis further reinforces the earlier conclu- sion that the marine strata exposed in the Laizhou Bay and the fluvial plain of the lower reaches of Yellow River during the glacier periods are the main material sources for the Qingzhou loess deposits, which is an indicator to the local aridification of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Loess deposition in the central Shandong mountainous regions started at around 0.5 Ma. The age of Qingzhou loess is approximately synchronous with the ongoing high-latitude cold since the Middle Pleistocene, which indicates that strengthened East Asian winter monsoon was sufficiently energetic to bring substantial quantities of material from the marine strata exposed in the Laizhou Bay and the fluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River to the central Shandong mountainous regions. The results therefore suggest that both regional geological process and global changes were responsible for the formation of Qingzhou loess since Middle Pleistocene.

Reasonable location of stopping line in close‑distance underlying coal seam and partition support of large cross‑section roadway

Close-distance coal seams are widely distributed over China,and the coal pillars left by the overlying coal seams afect the retracement channel of the underlying coal seam in the stopping stage.Based on the engineering background of close-distance seam mining in a coal mine,the reasonable position of the underlying coal seam's stopping line and the support method of the large section roadway during stopping are investigated using feld measurements,similar simulation experiments,and numerical simulations.There are three types of location relationships between the stopping line of the underlying coal seam and the stopping line of the overlying coal seam:"externally staggered with the upper stopping line"(ESUL,stops mining under the overlying goaf),"overlapped with upper stopping line"(OUL),and"internally staggered with the upper stopping line"(ISUL,ISUL-SD for shorter internal staggered distances,ISUL-LD for longer ones).There are diferent stress arch structures in the overlying strata of the above three positions,and the stress arch evolution process exists in the process of ESUL→OUL→ISUL-SD→ISUL-LD:a front and rear double stress arch structure→the front arch gradually decreases→the front arch dies out,and the double arch synthesizes the single arch→the single-arch range expands→the nested double arch.The relationship between the stress arch structure and the position of the stopping line is evaluated as follows:(1)ESUL:the stress concentration in the roof plate of the retracement channel of the underlying coal seam is the highest,because the overburden block of the extensive collapse zone acts directly on the roof plate of the retracement channel,resulting in relative difculties in roof support.(2)OUL:although the retracement channel roof pressure is minimal,the overlying rock structure has the potential for rotation or slippage instability.(3)ISUL-SD:the pressure on the roof of the retracement channel is small and the overburden structure is stable,which is conducive to the safe retraction of the support and not limited by the width of the end-mining coal pillar.(4)ISUL-LD:it is basically the same as the condition of stopping under the non-goaf;however,it has a limitation on the width of the end-mining coal pillar.The location of the stopping line is selected as ISUL-SD,and the retraction process of the self-excavating retraction channel was adopted.A partition asymmetric support scheme which is proven by feld practice is proposed,through a comprehensive analysis of the pre-stress feld simulation of the support scheme,based on the diferent control requirements of the roof above the support and the roof of the retracement channel in the stopping area.This method realizes safe and smooth withdrawal of the support.

Oxidation behavior of niobized TiAl by plasma surface alloying

Plasma surface alloying of element Nb in TiAl-based alloys and the oxidation behavior were studied. The composition and microstructure of the surface alloyed layers were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,energy dispersive X-ray analysis （EDX）,and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The experimental results indicate that the diffusion layers are formed on the TiAl substrate during the plasma niobizing process. The result from oxidation resistance investigation shows that plasma niobizing greatly improves the oxidation resistance of TiAl compared with the untreated TiAl. The role of element Nb for improving the oxidation resistance is considered to be achieved by strengthening the activity of Al,which is induced by the plasma niobizing process.

Stability analysis and control technology of gob‑side entry retaining with double roadways by flling with high‑water material in gently inclined coal seam

To ameliorate the defects of insufcient support resistance of traditional roadside flling bodies for gob-side entry retaining(GER),overcome the inability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock,and isolate the goaf efectively,a new type of high-water material as a roadside flling body for GER technology with double roadways was proposed.The instability analysis and control technology of GER with double roadways by flling high-water material into a gently inclined coal seam were studied.The basic mechanical properties of the new high-water material were investigated through laboratory experiments,and their main advantages were identifed.The reasonable width of the roadside flling wall of a high-water material was obtained by combining ground pressure observation and theoretical calculations.The distribution characteristics of the stress and plastic zone of surrounding rock of GER after being stabilized by the disturbance of the working face were studied using numerical simulations,and the failure range of GER by flling with high-water material was revealed.Based on this,a coupling control technology of anchor cables and bolts+single props+metal mesh+anchor bolts is proposed.Through the coupling methods of arranging borehole peeping and observing the convergences of surrounding rock,the results demonstrate that GER with double roadways by flling with a 1.8-m-wide high-water material has a good control efect.The above research will play an active role in promoting the application of high-water materials in GER roadside flling.

The impacts of climate change on hydrology in a typical glacier region A case study in Hailuo Creek watershed of Mt.Gongga in China

The glaciers of the Hengduan Mountains play an important role in the hydrology processes of this region. In this study, the HBV Light model, which relies on a degree-day model to simulate glacier melting, was employed to simulate both glacier runoffand total runoff. The daily temperature and precipitation at the Hailuo Creek No. 1 Glacier from 1952 to 2009 were obtained from daily meteorological observed data at the glacier and from six national meteorological stations near the Hailuo Creek Basin. The daily air temperature, precipitation, runoff depth, and monthly potential evaporation in 1995, 1996, and 2002 were used to obtain a set of optimal parameters, and the annual total runoff and glacier runoff of the Hailuo Creek Glacier （1952--2009） were calculated using the HBV Light model. Results showed the average annual runoff in the Hailuo Creek Basin was 2,114 mm from 1952 to 2009, of which glacial melting accounted for about 1,078 mm. The river runoff in the Hailuo Creek catchment increased as a result of increased glacier runoff. Glacier runoff accounted for 51.1% of the Hailuo Creek stream flow in 1994 and increased to 72.6% in 2006. About 95% of the increased stream flow derived from the increased ~lacier runoff.

Responses of Single Cropping Rice Yields to Climate Change in Sichuan Province, China

Sichuan province is one of the 13 major grain-producing provinces in China and also an obvious region of climate change.In this study, the responses of single cropping rice yields to climate variables under climate change at each development stage wereinvestigated by using the linear regression method based on yield and climate data at 84 counties in Sichuan province of China from1981 to 2012. The results indicated that change of all climate variables （increase of average temperature and diurnal temperaturerange, and decrease of precipitation and solar radiation） during different development stages in recent 30 years caused significantchange of yield in less than 10% of the rice planting area. However, climate change from 1981 to 2012 had caused significantimpacts on rice yield in roughly 47.6% of the rice area, with yields fluctuating by -11.77% to 24.55%. Moreover, averagetemperature was the most key contributor for the impact on rice yields in all climate variables and solar radiation was the most keycontributor for the negative impact on rice yields. The empirical findings presented here provide a foundation for anticipating climatechange impacts on rice production.

乙基修饰的氮化碳增强光催化CO_(2)转化

光催化剂的表面官能团对光生载体的转移和反应的活性位点起着关键作用,对光催化转化过程影响很大.因此,合理准确地调控表面基团可以极大地优化光催化性能.本文通过引入给电子能力强的乙基,对氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))未聚合的NH_(2)基团进行优化.通过X射线光电子能谱证实了乙基包埋的成功.时间分辨光谱和密度泛函理论(DFT)计算证实了光生载流子沿有利方向变化.最后,Gibbs自由能表明,乙基改性的氮化碳具有显著降低的CO_(2)转化为*COOH的能垒.其CO_(2)到CO的转化率为47.08μmolg^(-1)h^(-1).本研究为通过优化表面官能团来提高光催化剂性能的研究提供了可靠参考.

Iron single-atom/clusters catalysts derived from iron-rich Enteromorpha after urea-saturation for Fenton-like reaction

Fabrication of single atom catalysts(SACs)by a green and gentle method is important for their practical Fenton-like use.In this work,a high effective iron-based catalyst was prepared from the iron-rich Enteromorpha for NPX degradation via peroxymonosulfate(PMS).Both Fe-SACs and iron-clusters was fabricated from the intrinsic iron element in Enteromorpha after the urea saturation.The Fe-SACs/clusters can achieve 100%of NPX oxidation within 20 min with the k_(obs)of 0.282 min^(-1).Quenching tests indicated that the radical pathways were not dominated in the catalytic systems,and strong electron transfer process can be induced in the Fe-SACs/clusters+PMS system by using the NPX as electron donor and FeSACs/clusters/PMS^*complexes as electron acceptor.This result was consistent with the phenomenon observed in the galvanic oxidation system.In addition,the Fe-SACs/clusters was deposited onto the ceramic membrane(CM)by the spraying-crosslinking process to form a Fe-SACs/clusters@CM,which showed an effective and continuous NPX degradation in a heterogeneous PMS system.

Optimization design of autofocusing metasurface for ultrasound wave application

In this paper,two optimized autofocusing metasurfaces(AFMs)with different desired focal distances are designed by using particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm.Based on the ffnite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics,the performance of ultrasound transducer(UT)with AFM at different design parameters in Airy distributions(r0,ω)and the bottom thickness(d)of AFM are simulated and analyzed.Based on the simulation data,the artiffcial neural network model is trained to describe the complex relationship between the design parameters of AFM and the performance parameters of UT.Then,the multiobjective optimization function for AFM is determined according to the desired performance parameters of UT,including focal position,lateral resolution,longitudinal resolution and absolute sound pressure.In order to obtain AFMs with the desired performance,PSO algorithm is adopted to optimize the design parameters of AFM according to the multiobjective optimization function,and two AFMs are optimized and fabricated.The experimental results well agree with the simulation and optimization results,and the optimized AFMs can achieve the desired performance.The fabricated AFM can be easily integrated with UT,which has great potential applications in wave ffeld modulation underwater,acoustic tweezers,biomedical imaging,industrial nondestructive testing and neural regulation.

有晶状体眼人工晶状体不同植入方向旋转稳定性的比较

目的:比较水平、斜向、垂直植入有晶状体眼人工晶状体(ICL)及水平植入散光型人工晶状体(TICL)在术后1个月、1年的旋转稳定性。方法:回顾性临床研究。连续性收集2020年1月至2021年6月在郑州爱尔眼科医院屈光手术专科行ICL(V4c)植入术的屈光不正患者92例(184眼)。根据术后1 d的人工晶状体(IOL)轴向分为ICL水平组、ICL斜向组、ICL垂直组和TICL水平组,分别为59、33、36、56眼。记录术后1 d、1个月和1年的裸眼视力、眼压、拱高及IOL轴向等,并计算术后1个月、1年的有效性指数和IOL旋转角度和方向。4组间术后各时间点有效性指数、眼压等计量资料的比较采用重复测量方差分析,IOL旋转角度组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis检验,IOL旋转方向组间比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验。采用Spearman秩相关分析及多元线性回归分析术后1年IOL旋转角度与年龄、性别等指标之间的相关性。结果:ICL水平组、ICL斜向组、ICL垂直组与TICL水平组在术后1个月、1年组间有效性指数、眼压、拱高及角膜内皮细胞密度差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在术后1个月、1年,4组间IOL旋转角度差异均无统计学意义(H=6.36,P=0.095;H=4.82,P=0.185);IOL旋转方向差异亦无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.44,P=0.617;χ^(2)=6.03,P=0.420)。术后1年IOL旋转角度与患者年龄、性别等指标均无相关性(均P>0.05)。结论:ICL水平、斜向、垂直植入与TICL水平植入在术后1个月和1年均可获得相对一致的手术效果和旋转稳定性。

Current Status and Analysis of Machine Learning in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common tumor.Although the diagnosis and treatment of HCC have made great progress,the overall prognosis remains poor.As the core component of artificial intelligence,machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly in the past decade.In particular,ML has become widely used in the medical field,and it has helped in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Different algorithms of ML have different roles in diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis.This article reviews recent research,explains the application of different ML models in HCC,and provides suggestions for follow-up research.

地黄苷通过稳定RPL27A缓解5-氟尿嘧啶抑制的核糖体生物合成

天然化合物地黄苷(Martynoside,MAR)在5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)诱导的“血虚”小鼠中表现出补血活性.然而,MAR的蛋白靶点和分子机制尚不清楚通过md-LED技术平台对MAR进行了体外单轮亲和多肽的筛选,揭示了核糖体蛋白L27a(RPL27A)是MAR的关键直接作用靶蛋白.结构及突变分析明确了MAR与RPL27A第4-5外显子编码区之间的特异性相互作用,并且R87及K116是介导结合的关键氨基酸残基.功能上,MAR减弱了5-FU诱导的骨髓有核细胞细胞毒性,增加了RPL27A蛋白稳定性,并减少了RPL27A在K92和K94位点的泛素化.靶点蛋白K116Y突变降低了其与MAR的结合,并阻断了MAR的蛋白稳定作用.此外,整合非标记定量蛋白质组学、泛素化修饰组学、转录组学和核糖体分析及功能测定,MAR恢复了RPL27A蛋白水平的同时部分挽救了5-FU损害的核糖体生物合成.具体来说,MAR增加了成熟rRNA的丰度,抑制了全局核糖体蛋白降解,并提升了核糖体丰度及翻译功能.这项工作明确了天然化合物MAR的直接作用蛋白靶点,揭示了核糖体生物合成在造血过程中的重要性,并为靶向RPL27A改善造血功能的研究开辟了新的方向.

极小种群野生植物生存力分析:方法、问题与展望

日益加剧的环境变化与人类活动严重威胁种群的生存,因此预测多种胁迫下种群的命运至关重要。种群生存力分析(population viability analysis,PVA)是评估种群所受威胁、灭绝或衰退风险以及恢复可能性的有效方法。基于物种及环境数据和建模,种群生存力分析能够整合不同类型变量,为目标物种的保护提供建议。然而,极小种群野生植物的个体数据难以获取,种群参数估计困难,这导致传统种群生存力分析方法在此类种群中的应用存在局限性。在此,本文提出了极小种群野生植物生存力分析的潜在方法:小样本非统计分析法及环境变化下的种群适应力分析。小样本非统计分析法有益于提高种群统计学参数的估计精度,而立足于生态进化生物学的种群生存力研究有助于从生物学机理方面了解和预测种群动态,为极小种群野生植物的保护提供更适宜的理论指导。

Reasonable management of perennial planting grassland contributes to positive succession of soil microbial community in Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

Grassland reconstruction is a major approach to alleviate the‘black beach’in Sanjiangyuan of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.It is vital to understand how to manage the planting grassland after reconstruction.And which artificial grassland management pattern is more likely to restore the degraded grassland of‘black beach?’To provide the scientific basis for the restoration of‘black beach’,we investigated the changes in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of planting grassland under different management patterns,and explored the effect of the management patterns on community succession of planting grassland.In this study,vegetation characteristics and soil physicochemical properties were measured by field investigation and laboratory analyses,respectively.Soil microbial community composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing techniques.The results showed that there were significant differences in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community structure of the planting grassland under different management patterns.Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota were mainly controlled by vegetation plant species diversity,aboveground biomass(AGB)and soil organic carbon(SOC).Shannon-Wiener index,AGB and SOC peaked and the relative abundance of amplicon sequence variants annotated by Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota were significantly enriched under the management pattern of the planting once treatment.Additionally,the soil had the highest bacterial diversity and the lowest fungal diversity under the planting once treatment,becoming a‘bacterial’soil.These vegetation characteristics and soil environment were more conducive to overall positive community succession,indicating that the planting once treatment is the most reasonable management pattern for restoring the‘black beach’.

有晶状体眼人工晶状体植入术后二次手术的临床特征分析

目的:探究有晶状体眼人工晶状体(ICL)植入术后需再次行人工晶状体调位、更换或取出术等二次手术的原因,分析其临床特点和术后效果。方法:系列病例研究。收集2017年7月至2020年12月在郑州爱尔眼科医院行ICL(V4c)植入术后行人工晶状体调位、更换或取出术的屈光不正患者73例(74眼),其中需调位47眼、更换26眼、取出1眼,术后定期复查,观察记录裸眼视力(UCVA)、拱高和角膜内皮细胞计数(ECD)等指标。以单纯ICL植入术眼68眼作为对照组,ICL植入后行调位术眼47眼为调位组,ICL植入后行更换术眼26眼为更换组。采用独立样本t检验比较因拱高过高与拱高过低行二次手术处理患者的拱高变化量;采用单因素方差分析比较调位组、更换组与对照组在术后1个月的UCVA、有效性指数、安全性指数及ECD减少量的差异;采用卡方检验比较单纯球镜矫正型和复曲面型ICL植入术后的更换率。结果:ICL植入术后进行ICL调位、更换或取出的原因有拱高异常、复曲面型ICL旋转和ICL位置异常。因拱高异常行ICL调位或更换59眼,拱高过高者通过调位或更换小一号尺寸的ICL后均获得理想拱高,而拱高过低的病例相对复杂,且拱高过高者行ICL调位或更换的平均拱高变化量大于拱高过低者,差异有统计学意义(t=4.72,P<0.001)。复曲面型ICL植入术后发生轴向旋转且视觉质量欠佳14眼,其中12眼行调位后取得稳定、良好的效果,2眼调位后顽固性旋转,通过更换手术方式才解决。术后1个月,调位组、更换组与对照组的UCVA、有效性指数、安全性指数及ECD减少量比较差异均无统计学意义。单纯球镜矫正型ICL植入术后更换率小于复曲面型ICL(分别为1.6%、3.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.04,P=0.045)。1眼ICL植入术后出现ICL位置异常、瞳孔区拱高上下差异大,行ICL取出+晶状体超声乳化吸除+囊袋内人工晶状体植入术,术后效果理想。结论:拱高异常为ICL植入术后调位、更换或取出的最主要原因,拱高过高者行ICL调位或更换后的平均拱高变化量大于拱高过低者,且更具规律性;复曲面型ICL旋转经调位后多数病例可获得满意结果;ICL调位术和更换术相较于单纯植入术具有相当的安全性和术后效果。