The bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv.Oryzae(Xoo)causes blight in rice worldwide,resulting in signifi-cant crop loss.However,no gene underlying a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for resistance against Xoo has been cloned y...The bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv.Oryzae(Xoo)causes blight in rice worldwide,resulting in signifi-cant crop loss.However,no gene underlying a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for resistance against Xoo has been cloned yet.Here,we report the map-based cloning of a QTL,in which the NBS8R gene confers quantitative resistance to Xoo.NBS8R encodes an NB-ARC protein,which is involved in pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and whose expression is regulated by non-TAL effector XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 through DNA methylation.Sequence analysis of NBS8R in wild rice species and rice cultivars suggests that the Osa-miR1876 binding sites in the 5'UTR of NBS8R are inserted by chance and have undergone variations with Osa-miR1876 throughout evolution.The inter-action between NBS8R and XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 is partially in keeping with the zigzag model,revealing that quantitative genes may also follow this model to control the innate immune response or basal disease resistance,and may prove valuable in utilizing the existing landraces that harbor the NBS8R gene but with no Osa-miR1876 binding site in rice breeding for bacterial blight resistance.展开更多
To survive under cold temperatures plants must be able to perceive a cold signal and transduce it into downstream components that induce appropriate defense mechanisms. In addition to inducing adaptive defenses, such ...To survive under cold temperatures plants must be able to perceive a cold signal and transduce it into downstream components that induce appropriate defense mechanisms. In addition to inducing adaptive defenses, such as the production of osmotic factors to prevent freezing and the reprogramming of transcriptional pathways, cold temperatures induce changes in plant growth and development which can affect the plant life cycle. In this review, we summarize recent progress in characterizing cold-related genes and the pathways that allow transduction of the cold signal in plants, focusing primarily on studies in Arabidopsis tbaliana and rice （Oryza sativa）. We summarize cold perception and signal transduction from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, which involves cold sensors, calcium signals, calciumbinding proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and the C-repeat binding factor/dehydrationresponsive element binding pathways, as well as trehalose metabolism. Finally, we describe the balance between plant organogenesis and cold tolerance mechanisms in rice. This review encapsulates the known cold signaling factors in plants and provides perspectives for ongoing cold signaling research.展开更多
基金grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFD0101801)the Ministry of Agricultur of China(2016ZX08009003 and 2016ZX08009001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900383 and 31971911).
文摘The bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv.Oryzae(Xoo)causes blight in rice worldwide,resulting in signifi-cant crop loss.However,no gene underlying a quantitative trait locus(QTL)for resistance against Xoo has been cloned yet.Here,we report the map-based cloning of a QTL,in which the NBS8R gene confers quantitative resistance to Xoo.NBS8R encodes an NB-ARC protein,which is involved in pathogen/microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity and whose expression is regulated by non-TAL effector XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 through DNA methylation.Sequence analysis of NBS8R in wild rice species and rice cultivars suggests that the Osa-miR1876 binding sites in the 5'UTR of NBS8R are inserted by chance and have undergone variations with Osa-miR1876 throughout evolution.The inter-action between NBS8R and XopQ-inducible Osa-miR1876 is partially in keeping with the zigzag model,revealing that quantitative genes may also follow this model to control the innate immune response or basal disease resistance,and may prove valuable in utilizing the existing landraces that harbor the NBS8R gene but with no Osa-miR1876 binding site in rice breeding for bacterial blight resistance.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Programs A of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA08010205)the Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31788103)
文摘To survive under cold temperatures plants must be able to perceive a cold signal and transduce it into downstream components that induce appropriate defense mechanisms. In addition to inducing adaptive defenses, such as the production of osmotic factors to prevent freezing and the reprogramming of transcriptional pathways, cold temperatures induce changes in plant growth and development which can affect the plant life cycle. In this review, we summarize recent progress in characterizing cold-related genes and the pathways that allow transduction of the cold signal in plants, focusing primarily on studies in Arabidopsis tbaliana and rice （Oryza sativa）. We summarize cold perception and signal transduction from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, which involves cold sensors, calcium signals, calciumbinding proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and the C-repeat binding factor/dehydrationresponsive element binding pathways, as well as trehalose metabolism. Finally, we describe the balance between plant organogenesis and cold tolerance mechanisms in rice. This review encapsulates the known cold signaling factors in plants and provides perspectives for ongoing cold signaling research.
