Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors b...Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors by incorporating these inefficiencies.The results show most of the sectors are low substitutes between input factors and stress important differences among energy-intensive sectors.Concerning the cross-price elasticity for energy,with respect to capital(labor),the sectors are mainly characterized by weak substitutability or complementary.These imply the production structure is quite rigid and capital cannot be so readily used as a substitute for energy.展开更多
The concept of energy transition was initially proposed by the German Academy of Sciences in 1980,advocating for the abandonment of nuclear power and oil in response to the energy crisis.At that time,insufficient atte...The concept of energy transition was initially proposed by the German Academy of Sciences in 1980,advocating for the abandonment of nuclear power and oil in response to the energy crisis.At that time,insufficient attention was given to the energy transition.From 1980 to 1992,the global economy experienced significant growth,with the gross domestic product doubling from 11.34 trillion dollars to 25.41 trillion dollars(data from the World Bank).展开更多
The enhancement of energy efficiency stands as the principal avenue for attaining energy conservation and emissions reduction objectives within the realm of road transportation.Nevertheless,it is imperative to acknowl...The enhancement of energy efficiency stands as the principal avenue for attaining energy conservation and emissions reduction objectives within the realm of road transportation.Nevertheless,it is imperative to acknowledge that these objectives may,in part or in entirety,be offset by the phenomenon known as the energy rebound effect(ERE).To quantify the long-term EREs and short-term EREs specific to China’s road transportation,this study employed panel cointegration and panel error correction models,accounting for asymmetric price effects.The findings reveal the following:The long-term EREs observed in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation range from 13%to 25%and 14%to 48%,respectively;in contrast,the short-term EREs in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation span from 36%to 41%and 3.9%to 32%,respectively.It is noteworthy that the EREs associated with road passenger transportation and road freight transportation represent a partial rebound effect,falling short of reaching the magnitude of a counterproductive backfire effect.This leads to the inference that the upsurge in energy consumption within the road transportation sector cannot be solely attributed to advancements in energy efficiency.Instead,various factors,including income levels,the scale of commodity trade,and industrial structure,exert more substantial facilitating influences.Furthermore,the escalation of fuel prices fails to dampen the demand for energy services,whether in the domain of road passenger transportation or road freight transportation.In light of these conclusions,recommendations are proffered for the formulation of energy efficiency policies pertinent to road transportation.展开更多
基金financial support provided by the China Natural Science Funding:[Grant Number71673134]sponsored by Qing Lan Project and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities:[Grant Number NJ20150035]
文摘Elasticity of substitution is traditionally estimated while ignoring technical and allocative inefficiencies,which could bias the estimates.We estimate elasticity of substitution for Chinese energy-intensive sectors by incorporating these inefficiencies.The results show most of the sectors are low substitutes between input factors and stress important differences among energy-intensive sectors.Concerning the cross-price elasticity for energy,with respect to capital(labor),the sectors are mainly characterized by weak substitutability or complementary.These imply the production structure is quite rigid and capital cannot be so readily used as a substitute for energy.
基金We acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.72074111,72243006,and 71931001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(nos.2022M711448 and 2023M731473)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.22lzujbkydx047)。
文摘The concept of energy transition was initially proposed by the German Academy of Sciences in 1980,advocating for the abandonment of nuclear power and oil in response to the energy crisis.At that time,insufficient attention was given to the energy transition.From 1980 to 1992,the global economy experienced significant growth,with the gross domestic product doubling from 11.34 trillion dollars to 25.41 trillion dollars(data from the World Bank).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72074111).
文摘The enhancement of energy efficiency stands as the principal avenue for attaining energy conservation and emissions reduction objectives within the realm of road transportation.Nevertheless,it is imperative to acknowledge that these objectives may,in part or in entirety,be offset by the phenomenon known as the energy rebound effect(ERE).To quantify the long-term EREs and short-term EREs specific to China’s road transportation,this study employed panel cointegration and panel error correction models,accounting for asymmetric price effects.The findings reveal the following:The long-term EREs observed in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation range from 13%to 25%and 14%to 48%,respectively;in contrast,the short-term EREs in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation span from 36%to 41%and 3.9%to 32%,respectively.It is noteworthy that the EREs associated with road passenger transportation and road freight transportation represent a partial rebound effect,falling short of reaching the magnitude of a counterproductive backfire effect.This leads to the inference that the upsurge in energy consumption within the road transportation sector cannot be solely attributed to advancements in energy efficiency.Instead,various factors,including income levels,the scale of commodity trade,and industrial structure,exert more substantial facilitating influences.Furthermore,the escalation of fuel prices fails to dampen the demand for energy services,whether in the domain of road passenger transportation or road freight transportation.In light of these conclusions,recommendations are proffered for the formulation of energy efficiency policies pertinent to road transportation.
