Binary Bacillus subtilis protects the intestinal mucosa barrier and alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Background:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is characterized by liver steatosis,inflammation,and even fibrosis.NASH is likely to develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer,the major causes of liver related deaths.We aimed to study the effect of probiotics on NASH via the gut-l iver axis.Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups.A control group of 10 rats was fed on a standard chow for 16 weeks.Twenty rats fed on a high-fat diet for 8 weeks were separated to two groups:a model group(10 rats)fed on vehicle for 8 weeks and a treatment group(10 rats)supplemented with binary Bacillus subtilis for 8 weeks.Hepatic expression of IL-6 and TNF-ɑand ileum expression of IL-17 and occludin were measured.Results:The high-fat diet caused inflammation of the liver and ileum in rats.Binary Bacillus subtilis treatment reduces liver inflammation through the intestinal liver axis.Increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-αwere detected in rats fed a high-fat diet,which were reduced to lower levels after treatment with binary Bacillus subtilis.In rats on the high-fat diet,elevated IL-17 levels and decreased occludin levels were observed.Treatment with Bacillus subtilis reduced IL-17 levels and restored the expression of occludin.Conclusion:Binary Bacillus subtilis has a beneficial effect on liver inflammation and intestinal damage.

初诊大肿块弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤患者临床特征及预后分析

目的:分析初诊时伴有大肿块的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)患者的临床特征与预后因素。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年9月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的194例大肿块DLBCL患者的临床资料,其中大肿块定义为肿瘤最大直径(maximum tumor diameter,MTD)≥7.5 cm,根据大肿块所在部位将患者分为:腹盆腔组、胸腔组、头颈部组。结果:194例大肿块DLBCL患者中位总生存(median overall survival,mOS)期为16(0~50)个月,患者1、3年总生存(overall survival,OS)率分别为75.6%、66.2%。1、3年无进展生存(progression-free survival,PFS)率分别为55.9%和44.1%。患者一线治疗后达到完全缓解(complete response,CR)、部分缓解(partial response,PR)、疾病稳定(stable disease,SD)、疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)分别为45例(23.2%)、78例(40.2%)、11例(5.7%)、60例(30.9%),一线治疗客观缓解率(overall response rate,ORR)为63.4%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、Ann Arbor分期、β2-微球蛋白水平(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)、有无中枢侵犯、是否放疗、大肿块所在部位是影响大肿块DLBCL患者OS的预后因素(P<0.05);Cox回归模型多因素分析结果显示,年龄>60岁、Ann Arbor分期Ⅲ/Ⅳ期、大肿块所在部位为腹盆腔组、头颈部组是大肿块DLBCL的独立不良预后因素(P<0.05)。腹盆腔组患者分期较晚、B症状多见、β2-微球蛋白水平多升高、C反应蛋白水平较高、Ki-67值较高;胸腔组年轻患者比例较高、临床分期较早、非GCB亚型更多见。腹盆腔组、胸腔组、头颈部组3组患者的3年OS率分别为60.4%、84.4%和54.2%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:大肿块DLBCL患者肿瘤负荷高,一线治疗缓解率低、疾病进展率高,年龄>60岁、临床分期晚、大肿块所在腹盆腔组和头颈部组的患者预后较差。

Research on the method of dual-frequency microwave diagnosis of plasma for solving phase integer ambiguity

In this work,microwaves and terahertz waves have performed a dual-frequency combineddiagnosis in high-temperature,large-scale plasma.According to the attenuation and phase shift of electromagnetic waves in the plasma,the electron density and collision frequency of theplasma can be inversely calculated.However,when the plasma size is large and the electron density is high,the phase shift of the electromagnetic wave is large(multiple times 2πperiod).Due to the limitations of the test equipment,the true phase shift is difficult to test accurately or to recover reality.That is,there is a problem of phase integer ambiguity.In order to obtain a phase shift of less than 180°,a higher electromagnetic wave frequency(terahertz wave with 890 GHz)is used for diagnosis.However,the attenuation of the terahertz wave diagnosis is too small(less than 0.1 d B),only the electron density can be obtained,and the collision frequency cannot be accurately obtained.Therefore,a combined diagnosis was carried out by combining twofrequencies(microwave with 36 GHz,terahertz wave with 890 GHz)to obtain electron density and collision frequency.The diagnosis result shows that the electron density is in the range of(0.65–1.5)×1019m^(-3),the collision frequency is in the range of 0.65–2 GHz,and the diagnostic accuracy is about 60%.

Effects of pulsed magnetic field on density reduction of high flow velocity plasma sheath

A three-dimensional model is proposed in this paper to study the effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the density distribution of high flow velocity plasma sheath.Taking the typical parameters of plasma sheath at the height of 71 km as an example,the distribution characteristics and time evolution characteristics of plasma density in the flow field under the action of pulsed magnetic field,as well as the effect of self-electric field on the distribution of plasma density,are studied.The simulation results show that pulsed magnetic field can effectively reduce the density of plasma sheath.Meanwhile,the simulation results of three-dimensional plasma density distribution show that the size of the density reduction area is large enough to meet the communication requirements of the Global Position System(GPS)signal.Besides,the location of density reduction area provides a reference for the appropriate location of antenna.The time evolution of plasma density shows that the effective density reduction time can reach 62%of the pulse duration,and the maximum reduction of plasma density can reach 55%.Based on the simulation results,the mechanism of the interaction between pulsed magnetic field and plasma flow field is physically analyzed.Furthermore,the simulation results indicate that the density distributions of electrons and ions are consistent under the action of plasma self-electric field.However,the quasi neutral assumption of plasma in the flow field is not appropriate,because the self-electric field of plasma will weaken the effect of the pulsed magnetic field on the reduction of electron density,which cannot be ignored.The calculation results could provide useful information for the mitigation of communication blackout in hypersonic vehicles.

Field distribution of the Z_(2)topological edge state revealed by cathodoluminescence nanoscopy

Photonic topological insulators with robust boundary states can enable great applications for optical communication and quantum emission,such as unidirectional waveguide and single-mode laser.However,because of the diffraction limit of light,the physical insight of topological resonance remains unexplored in detail,like the dark line that exists with the crys-talline symmetry-protected topological edge state.Here,we experimentally observe the dark line of the Z_(2)photonic topo-logical insulator in the visible range by photoluminescence and specify its location by cathodoluminescence characteriza-tion,and elucidate its mechanism with the p-d orbital electromagnetic field distribution which calculated by numerical sim-ulation.Our investigation provides a deeper understanding of Z_(2)topological edge states and may have great signific-ance to the design of future on-chip topological devices.

Research and Application of FAHP in Bidding Quotation for Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting Project

This paper mainly talks about the main layer analytical method, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, fuzzy hierarchical analysis (AHP) method of a deeper connotation, and further discusses its application in bidding quotation for petroleum geophysical prospecting project. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) integrates many merits of AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation organically. It determines the weight of each affecting factor using analytic hierarchy process at first, and then uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to determine each scheme index. FAHP can effectively enhance the decision-making efficiency.

Giant excitonic upconverted emission from two-dimensional semiconductor in doubly resonant plasmonic nanocavity

Phonon-assisted upconverted emission is the heart of energy harvesting,bioimaging,optical cryptography,and optical refrigeration.It has been demonstrated that emerging two-dimensional(2D)semiconductors can provide an excellent platform for efficient phonon-assisted upconversion due to the enhanced optical transition strength and phonon-exciton interaction of 2D excitons.However,there is little research on the further enhancement of excitonic upconverted emission in 2D semiconductors.Here,we report the enhanced multiphoton upconverted emission of 2D excitons in doubly resonant plasmonic nanocavities.Owing to the enhanced light collection,enhanced excitation rate,and quantum efficiency enhancement arising from the Purcell effect,an upconverted emission amplification of>1000-fold and a decrease of 2~3 orders of magnitude in the saturated excitation power are achieved.These findings pave the way for the development of excitonic upconversion lasing,nanoscopic thermometry,and sensing,revealing the possibility of optical refrigeration in future 2D electronic or excitonic devices.

Phonon scattering and exciton localization: molding exciton flux in two dimensional disorder energy landscape

Two dimensional excitonic devices are of great potential to overcome the dilemma of response time and integration in current generation of electron or/and photon based systems.The ultrashort diffusion length of exciton arising from ultrafast relaxation and low carrier mobility greatly discounts the performance of excitonic devices.Phonon scattering and exciton localization are crucial to understand the modulation of exciton flux in two dimensional disorder energy landscape,which still remain elusive.Here,we report an optimized scheme for exciton diffusion and relaxation dominated by phonon scattering and disorder potentials in WSe2 monolayers.The effective diffusion coefficient is enhanced by>200%at 280 K.The excitons tend to be localized by disorder potentials accompanied by the steadily weakening of phonon scattering when temperature drops to 260 K,and the onset of exciton localization brings forward as decreasing temperature.These findings identify that phonon scattering and disorder potentials are of great importance for long-range exciton diffusion and thermal management in exciton based systems,and lay a firm foundation for the development of functional excitonic devices.