Background:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)K88 commonly colonize in the small intestine and keep releasing enterotoxins to impair the intestinal barrier function and trigger inflammatory reaction.Although Lactob...Background:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)K88 commonly colonize in the small intestine and keep releasing enterotoxins to impair the intestinal barrier function and trigger inflammatory reaction.Although Lactobacillus salivarius(L.salivarius)has been reported to enhance intestinal health,it remains to be seen whether there is a functional role of L.salivarius in intestinal inflammatory response in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)when stimulated with ETEC K88.In the present study,IPEC-J2 cells were first treated with L.salivarius followed by the stimulation of ETEC K88 for distinct time period.ETEC K88 adherent status,pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)mRNA,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)activation,the release of pro-inflammation cytokines and cell integrity were examined.Results:Aside from an inhibited adhesion of ETEC K88 to IPEC-J2 cells,L.salivarius was capable of remarkably attenuating the expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-8,Toll-like receptor(TLR)4,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein(NLRP)3 and NLRP6.This alternation was accompanied by a significantly decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB during ETEC K88 infection with L.salivarius pretreatment.Western blot analysis revealed that L.salivarius increased the expression levels of zona occludens 1(ZO-1)and occludin(P<0.05)in ETEC K88-infected IPEC-J2 cells.Compared with ETEC K88-infected groups,the addition of L.salivarius as well as extra inhibitors for MAPKs and NF-κB to ETEC K88-infected IPEC-J2 cells had the capability to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusions:Collectively,our results suggest that L.salivarius might reduce inflammation-related cytokines through attenuating phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and blocking the NF-κB signaling pathways.Besides,L.salivarius displayed a potency in the enhancement of IPEC-J2 cell integrity.展开更多
In order to understand the heavy metal contamination of Cu in the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City,and reveal the distribution of Cu content of soil in different farmland types,we use the methods field s...In order to understand the heavy metal contamination of Cu in the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City,and reveal the distribution of Cu content of soil in different farmland types,we use the methods field survey and laboratory analysis,to analyze the Cu content of soil in different farmland types in the suburbs of Changchun City. Using SPSS statistical analysis software and ORING mapping software,we process the data of Cu content in 60 sampling points and draw the normal distribution map,and then analyze the distribution of Cu content of soil in different land use types. The results show that the Cu content of the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City is between 41. 71 mg /kg and 116. 77 mg /kg,with an average of 53. 35 mg /kg,and the content in all sampling points is higher than the background value; in terms of the Cu content of soil,different land use types are sequenced in descending order(vegetable field > paddy > dry land).展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Dichloromethane(DCM)is a colorless and transparent organic solvent that commonly causes poisoning during occupational contact.What is added by this report?Unknown to teac...Summary What is already known about this topic?Dichloromethane(DCM)is a colorless and transparent organic solvent that commonly causes poisoning during occupational contact.What is added by this report?Unknown to teachers and students,they were utilizing an acrylic paint cleaner that contained DCM.At the time of the poisoning incident,the art room was occupied beyond its capacity with inadequate local ventilation.The primary cause of the incident was determined to be the students’inhalation of DCM during the cleaning process.What are the implications for public health practice?The unclear composition of environmental cleaning products available for purchase online presents a major obstacle for consumers trying to assess their toxicity.It is imperative that robust regulatory measures and proactive public education campaigns are implemented to mitigate instances of poisoning.展开更多
基金funded by the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCYBJC30000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31702147)the Tianjin“131”Innovative Talents Team(20180338).
文摘Background:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)K88 commonly colonize in the small intestine and keep releasing enterotoxins to impair the intestinal barrier function and trigger inflammatory reaction.Although Lactobacillus salivarius(L.salivarius)has been reported to enhance intestinal health,it remains to be seen whether there is a functional role of L.salivarius in intestinal inflammatory response in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line(IPEC-J2)when stimulated with ETEC K88.In the present study,IPEC-J2 cells were first treated with L.salivarius followed by the stimulation of ETEC K88 for distinct time period.ETEC K88 adherent status,pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)mRNA,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)activation,the release of pro-inflammation cytokines and cell integrity were examined.Results:Aside from an inhibited adhesion of ETEC K88 to IPEC-J2 cells,L.salivarius was capable of remarkably attenuating the expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-8,Toll-like receptor(TLR)4,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein(NLRP)3 and NLRP6.This alternation was accompanied by a significantly decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and p65 NF-κB during ETEC K88 infection with L.salivarius pretreatment.Western blot analysis revealed that L.salivarius increased the expression levels of zona occludens 1(ZO-1)and occludin(P<0.05)in ETEC K88-infected IPEC-J2 cells.Compared with ETEC K88-infected groups,the addition of L.salivarius as well as extra inhibitors for MAPKs and NF-κB to ETEC K88-infected IPEC-J2 cells had the capability to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusions:Collectively,our results suggest that L.salivarius might reduce inflammation-related cytokines through attenuating phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and blocking the NF-κB signaling pathways.Besides,L.salivarius displayed a potency in the enhancement of IPEC-J2 cell integrity.
基金Supported by Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Program(20110403)Water Pollution Control and Management Project(2012ZX07201001)
文摘In order to understand the heavy metal contamination of Cu in the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City,and reveal the distribution of Cu content of soil in different farmland types,we use the methods field survey and laboratory analysis,to analyze the Cu content of soil in different farmland types in the suburbs of Changchun City. Using SPSS statistical analysis software and ORING mapping software,we process the data of Cu content in 60 sampling points and draw the normal distribution map,and then analyze the distribution of Cu content of soil in different land use types. The results show that the Cu content of the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City is between 41. 71 mg /kg and 116. 77 mg /kg,with an average of 53. 35 mg /kg,and the content in all sampling points is higher than the background value; in terms of the Cu content of soil,different land use types are sequenced in descending order(vegetable field > paddy > dry land).
基金Supported by Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(No.JCYJ20220531091213031).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Dichloromethane(DCM)is a colorless and transparent organic solvent that commonly causes poisoning during occupational contact.What is added by this report?Unknown to teachers and students,they were utilizing an acrylic paint cleaner that contained DCM.At the time of the poisoning incident,the art room was occupied beyond its capacity with inadequate local ventilation.The primary cause of the incident was determined to be the students’inhalation of DCM during the cleaning process.What are the implications for public health practice?The unclear composition of environmental cleaning products available for purchase online presents a major obstacle for consumers trying to assess their toxicity.It is imperative that robust regulatory measures and proactive public education campaigns are implemented to mitigate instances of poisoning.
