The quality of MAPbI3 film prepared by solvent engineering process highly depends on environment and antisolvent control.Here,we provided a simple methylamine chloride(MACl)solution treatment using a two-step process ...The quality of MAPbI3 film prepared by solvent engineering process highly depends on environment and antisolvent control.Here,we provided a simple methylamine chloride(MACl)solution treatment using a two-step process to enlarge the perovskite crystal grain sizes to more than 1 lm.Other than treatment on the film surface,the MACl solution diffuses into the MAPbI_(3) films to assist the recrystallization of small crystal at the bottom of perovskite film.The imitative contact between perovskite and substrate is formed.Meanwhile,the enlargement of grain size and ten times enhancement of crystalline reduce trap-assisted recombination of perovskite films.Thus,the significant improvement of cell efficiency of 20.89%as well as device stability is obtained with the MACl treatment.展开更多
Large aspheric mirrors are needed for the remote sensing and ground based telescope optical systems,these mirrors are made of hard and brittle materials which require ultra-precision grinding process to guarantee the ...Large aspheric mirrors are needed for the remote sensing and ground based telescope optical systems,these mirrors are made of hard and brittle materials which require ultra-precision grinding process to guarantee the high profile accuracy and machining efficiency. The ultra-precision aspheric CNC grinding machine( UAG900) is presented by this paper,as well as its grinding capability. The hydrostatic bearings of high accuracy and stiffness are adopted by the linear and rotary motions to guarantee the mirror accuracy,material removal rate and subsurface damage. Disk type grinding wheel with arc edge is used. The material removal rate can be up to 360 mm3/ min to guarantee the machining efficiency during rough grinding using D180 diamond grinding wheel while the fine grinding is performed using D15 grinding wheel. It indicates that the grinding wheel radius measuring error is proportional to the profile error induced by the grinding path. The grinding step size is better to be 0. 01 mm for the reduction of the grinding movement accelerations and program length. The grinding path is planned and expressed based on the grinding mode according to the mirror shape. One540 mm×450 mm× 100 mm zerodur mirror is ground and re-ground using the measuring data acquired by the Leitz CMM. The final surface accuracy of P-V value is less than 5 μm after compensation grinding.展开更多
In this study, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to solve the generalized Duffing equation. Both the frequencies and periodic solutions of the nonlinear Duffing equation can be explicitly and analytically for...In this study, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to solve the generalized Duffing equation. Both the frequencies and periodic solutions of the nonlinear Duffing equation can be explicitly and analytically formulated. Accuracy and validity of the proposed techniques are then verified by comparing the numerical results obtained based on the HAM and numerical integration method. Numerical simulations are extended for even very strong nonlinearities and very good correlations which achieved between the results. Besides, the optimal HAM approach is introduced to accelerate the convergence of solutions.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFB1506404)the 111 Project (Grant No. B16016)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51961165106, 51572080 and 61904053)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. 2019MS026, 2019MS027 and 2020MS080)。
文摘The quality of MAPbI3 film prepared by solvent engineering process highly depends on environment and antisolvent control.Here,we provided a simple methylamine chloride(MACl)solution treatment using a two-step process to enlarge the perovskite crystal grain sizes to more than 1 lm.Other than treatment on the film surface,the MACl solution diffuses into the MAPbI_(3) films to assist the recrystallization of small crystal at the bottom of perovskite film.The imitative contact between perovskite and substrate is formed.Meanwhile,the enlargement of grain size and ten times enhancement of crystalline reduce trap-assisted recombination of perovskite films.Thus,the significant improvement of cell efficiency of 20.89%as well as device stability is obtained with the MACl treatment.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(Grant No.2008AA042503)the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2013ZX04006011-201)
文摘Large aspheric mirrors are needed for the remote sensing and ground based telescope optical systems,these mirrors are made of hard and brittle materials which require ultra-precision grinding process to guarantee the high profile accuracy and machining efficiency. The ultra-precision aspheric CNC grinding machine( UAG900) is presented by this paper,as well as its grinding capability. The hydrostatic bearings of high accuracy and stiffness are adopted by the linear and rotary motions to guarantee the mirror accuracy,material removal rate and subsurface damage. Disk type grinding wheel with arc edge is used. The material removal rate can be up to 360 mm3/ min to guarantee the machining efficiency during rough grinding using D180 diamond grinding wheel while the fine grinding is performed using D15 grinding wheel. It indicates that the grinding wheel radius measuring error is proportional to the profile error induced by the grinding path. The grinding step size is better to be 0. 01 mm for the reduction of the grinding movement accelerations and program length. The grinding path is planned and expressed based on the grinding mode according to the mirror shape. One540 mm×450 mm× 100 mm zerodur mirror is ground and re-ground using the measuring data acquired by the Leitz CMM. The final surface accuracy of P-V value is less than 5 μm after compensation grinding.
文摘In this study, the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to solve the generalized Duffing equation. Both the frequencies and periodic solutions of the nonlinear Duffing equation can be explicitly and analytically formulated. Accuracy and validity of the proposed techniques are then verified by comparing the numerical results obtained based on the HAM and numerical integration method. Numerical simulations are extended for even very strong nonlinearities and very good correlations which achieved between the results. Besides, the optimal HAM approach is introduced to accelerate the convergence of solutions.