Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model s...Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model species.Recent developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell walls.Here,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree species.We highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic trees.We outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.展开更多
Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive ...Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2200700)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(grant 2572022DQ01)+6 种基金the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team)the 111 Project(B16010)supported by the Young Scholar Fellowship Columbus Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan,China(111-2311-B-002-021)the National Science and Technology Council(112-2636-B-006-006)MEXT KAKENHI(JP18H05484,JP18H05489)the Research Foundation Flanders for proving the predoctoral fellowship.D.M.O.is indebted to the Research Foundation Flanders(FWO,grant 1246123N)for a postdoctoral fellowshipsupported by the Energy Transition Fund projects AdLibio and AdvBio,the interuniversity iBOF project NextBioRef,and the FWO project G011620N。
文摘Cell walls in plants,particularly forest trees,are the major carbon sink of the terrestrial ecosystem.Chemical and biosynthetic features of plant cell walls were revealed early on,focusing mostly on herbaceous model species.Recent developments in genomics,transcriptomics,epigenomics,transgenesis,and associated analytical techniques are enabling novel insights into formation of woody cell walls.Here,we review multilevel regulation of cell wall biosynthesis in forest tree species.We highlight current approaches to engineering cell walls as potential feedstock for materials and energy and survey reported field tests of such engineered transgenic trees.We outline opportunities and challenges in future research to better understand cell type biogenesis for more efficient wood cell wall modification and utilization for biomaterials or for enhanced carbon capture and storage.
文摘Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by plants.This aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.
