残积母质是青海湖地区重要的成土母质之一,目前对高原残积母质土壤的研究相对匮乏,特别是其形成发育的年代尚不明晰,限制了对高原残积母质土壤演变过程的认识及对区域气候环境演变的理解。为探究青藏高原东北部残积母质土壤的发育过程...残积母质是青海湖地区重要的成土母质之一,目前对高原残积母质土壤的研究相对匮乏,特别是其形成发育的年代尚不明晰,限制了对高原残积母质土壤演变过程的认识及对区域气候环境演变的理解。为探究青藏高原东北部残积母质土壤的发育过程及其发育模式,以青海湖北部宁夏(NX)剖面作为研究对象,通过光释光(Optically stimulated luminescence,OSL)测年获得残积母质土壤发育年代,采用化学蚀变指数(Chemical index of alteration,CIA)、Rb/Sr和粉黏比等探究土壤发育程度,对比青海湖地区河湖相沉积和黄土的Zr/Nb、K2O/Al2O3和TiO2/Al2O3分析其物源。结果表明:NX土壤剖面在早全新世以来发育,其年代结果集中在10.02~8.67 ka,成土母质发育时间与流域内风沙强烈活动时期基本一致,为干暖气候背景下的产物;通过物源对比分析,NX剖面底部母质为母岩就地风化而成,上部为风尘加积发育,发育模式为混合母质风尘加积型;剖面整体处于弱化学风化阶段,土壤发育程度较弱。展开更多
Yangshao culture is the most important mid-Holocene Neolithic culture in the Yellow River catchment, and thus, a study on the impact of human activities on the environment is important. In the current study, the distr...Yangshao culture is the most important mid-Holocene Neolithic culture in the Yellow River catchment, and thus, a study on the impact of human activities on the environment is important. In the current study, the distribution pattern of the cultivated land in late Yangshao culture is reconstructed using GIS tool and site domain analysis （SDA）. The results show that the cultivated land during 5.5-5.0 ka BP was mainly distributed in the Weihe River valley, Luohe River valley, northwestern Henan Plain, Fenhe River valley and eastern Gansu region, especially concentrated in the Xi＇an-Baoji line of the Weihe River valley. At that time, at least 37,000 km2 of lands were reclaimed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and 132,000 km2 of lands were affected by agricultural activities. Human activities had become the driving force of land use/land coverage. Charcoal records indicate that the ancestors of Yangshao culture burnt forests for reclamation, leading to the decrease of arbor pollen at 5 ka BP in core areas of the Yangshao culture. The areas that were significantly affected by human activities accounted for 3.2% of the Yangshao culture influenced area, while the moderately affected areas accounted for 20.1% of Yangshao culture influenced area. Meanwhile, 92% of the land areas on the edge and outside of the Yangshao culture influenced area were not affected by human activities. The arbor pollen in these areas did not decrease until 4.0 ka BP.展开更多
选取青藏高原36条(34个地点)由孢粉已重建的降水序列(8条)和化石孢粉谱(28条),分别采用直接提取和现代类比法获得1852个具有年代的定量降水数据,以高原4个分区为单位,建立青藏高原晚冰期以来古降水数据集。构建分区古降水空间模拟-多区...选取青藏高原36条(34个地点)由孢粉已重建的降水序列(8条)和化石孢粉谱(28条),分别采用直接提取和现代类比法获得1852个具有年代的定量降水数据,以高原4个分区为单位,建立青藏高原晚冰期以来古降水数据集。构建分区古降水空间模拟-多区面积加权的集成方法,即借助GIS分析,基于现代高原降水空间分布的地理因子模拟,集成重建晚冰期以来高原古降水序列。结果表明:16~12 ka B.P.,高原总体降水量较少,其中16 ka B.P.不到200 mm,约为现代降水量的一半,15~13 ka B.P.后降水显著增长,较前期上升70 mm;13~12 ka B.P.,又跌至220 mm,较现代低100 mm。进入全新世后,降水量迅速增长,降水在全新世早期的9.2~8.7 ka B.P.即达到最大值,高出现代70 mm,9.2~5.0 ka B.P.为全新世湿润期,平均高出现代50 mm;5 ka B.P.之后,降水波动较小,与现代基本持平。集成降水与其他高低分辨率环境记录有很好的可比性,说明集成序列有很好的代表性和一定的准确性。此外,高原降水变化区域差异明显,全新世最大降水呈现出西早东晚,西南季风(ISM)区早于东南季风(EASM)区的特点,高原西部和南部全新世早期9 ka B.P.左右即达极大值,而高原东缘迟至全新世中期的8.0~7.5 ka B.P.;降水增加最为明显的是高原西北部,最盛期降水约高出为现代的1倍,高原东部和南部现季风控制区域,只比现代高出0.2倍。展开更多
文摘残积母质是青海湖地区重要的成土母质之一,目前对高原残积母质土壤的研究相对匮乏,特别是其形成发育的年代尚不明晰,限制了对高原残积母质土壤演变过程的认识及对区域气候环境演变的理解。为探究青藏高原东北部残积母质土壤的发育过程及其发育模式,以青海湖北部宁夏(NX)剖面作为研究对象,通过光释光(Optically stimulated luminescence,OSL)测年获得残积母质土壤发育年代,采用化学蚀变指数(Chemical index of alteration,CIA)、Rb/Sr和粉黏比等探究土壤发育程度,对比青海湖地区河湖相沉积和黄土的Zr/Nb、K2O/Al2O3和TiO2/Al2O3分析其物源。结果表明:NX土壤剖面在早全新世以来发育,其年代结果集中在10.02~8.67 ka,成土母质发育时间与流域内风沙强烈活动时期基本一致,为干暖气候背景下的产物;通过物源对比分析,NX剖面底部母质为母岩就地风化而成,上部为风尘加积发育,发育模式为混合母质风尘加积型;剖面整体处于弱化学风化阶段,土壤发育程度较弱。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41161018 No.41121001+2 种基金 China Geological Survey, No. 1212011120046 Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund Project of Ministry c,f Education of China, No. 10YJCZH041 and The ＂Strategic Priority Research Program＂ of the CAS, No.XDA05120501.
文摘Yangshao culture is the most important mid-Holocene Neolithic culture in the Yellow River catchment, and thus, a study on the impact of human activities on the environment is important. In the current study, the distribution pattern of the cultivated land in late Yangshao culture is reconstructed using GIS tool and site domain analysis （SDA）. The results show that the cultivated land during 5.5-5.0 ka BP was mainly distributed in the Weihe River valley, Luohe River valley, northwestern Henan Plain, Fenhe River valley and eastern Gansu region, especially concentrated in the Xi＇an-Baoji line of the Weihe River valley. At that time, at least 37,000 km2 of lands were reclaimed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and 132,000 km2 of lands were affected by agricultural activities. Human activities had become the driving force of land use/land coverage. Charcoal records indicate that the ancestors of Yangshao culture burnt forests for reclamation, leading to the decrease of arbor pollen at 5 ka BP in core areas of the Yangshao culture. The areas that were significantly affected by human activities accounted for 3.2% of the Yangshao culture influenced area, while the moderately affected areas accounted for 20.1% of Yangshao culture influenced area. Meanwhile, 92% of the land areas on the edge and outside of the Yangshao culture influenced area were not affected by human activities. The arbor pollen in these areas did not decrease until 4.0 ka BP.
文摘选取青藏高原36条(34个地点)由孢粉已重建的降水序列(8条)和化石孢粉谱(28条),分别采用直接提取和现代类比法获得1852个具有年代的定量降水数据,以高原4个分区为单位,建立青藏高原晚冰期以来古降水数据集。构建分区古降水空间模拟-多区面积加权的集成方法,即借助GIS分析,基于现代高原降水空间分布的地理因子模拟,集成重建晚冰期以来高原古降水序列。结果表明:16~12 ka B.P.,高原总体降水量较少,其中16 ka B.P.不到200 mm,约为现代降水量的一半,15~13 ka B.P.后降水显著增长,较前期上升70 mm;13~12 ka B.P.,又跌至220 mm,较现代低100 mm。进入全新世后,降水量迅速增长,降水在全新世早期的9.2~8.7 ka B.P.即达到最大值,高出现代70 mm,9.2~5.0 ka B.P.为全新世湿润期,平均高出现代50 mm;5 ka B.P.之后,降水波动较小,与现代基本持平。集成降水与其他高低分辨率环境记录有很好的可比性,说明集成序列有很好的代表性和一定的准确性。此外,高原降水变化区域差异明显,全新世最大降水呈现出西早东晚,西南季风(ISM)区早于东南季风(EASM)区的特点,高原西部和南部全新世早期9 ka B.P.左右即达极大值,而高原东缘迟至全新世中期的8.0~7.5 ka B.P.;降水增加最为明显的是高原西北部,最盛期降水约高出为现代的1倍,高原东部和南部现季风控制区域,只比现代高出0.2倍。
