A comparison of surgical efficacy between a 1.8-mm microincision and 3.2-mm and 5.5-mm incisions for phacoemulsification

Phacoemulsification is a commonly used surgical method in cataract surgery. This paper observes and compares the surgical efficacy of three incisions of different length for phacoemulsification to identify the optimal method for cataract surgery. Ninety patients were enrolled in the present study and divided into three groups. The 1.8-mm group received Bausch ＆ Lomb MI60 foldable intraocular lens （IOL） implantation （n=30）, 3.2-mm group received Bausch ＆ Lomb Akreos AO foldable lens implantation （n=30）, and 5.5-mm group received Alcon TYPE 05 rigid IOL implantation （n=30）. Visual acuity, Oculyzer-based anterior segment analysis, and corneal endothelial cell count before surgery, and 3, 7, 30, and 90d after surgery were recorded and compared. Pseudophakic accommodation three days, one week, one month, and three months after surgery was determined. Intraoperative ultrasound time and ultrasonic energy were recorded. It was finally concluded that for phacoemulsification with the same phaco tip, a 1.8-mm microincision can lead to quicker recovery of visual acuity, more stable astigmatism, and higher pseudophakic accommodation than conventional incision.

Paired eye-control study of unilateral opaque bubble layer in femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis

AIM: To investigate the predictive factors of the opaque bubble layer(OBL) compared to the fellow eye of same patients in FS200 femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS: This study consisted of 60 consecutive patients(120 eyes) with unilateral OBL during FS-LASIK. Eyes were divided into OBL(the OBL eyes) and OBL-free groups(the fellow eyes) based on the occurrence of OBL. The preoperative demographic data, refraction, keratometry, corneal astigmatism, pachymetry, intraocular pressure and intraoperative data including the outlet location of gas diffusing canal were collected. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to find the associated factors with OBL in the two groups by determining odds ratios(OR) and 95%CI.RESULTS: The preoperative demographic data, mean spherical errors, mean K value, suction time, intraocular pressure and central cornea thickness were not significantly different between the two groups. The outlet location of gas diffusing canal(P<0.01, OR 7.16, 95%CI 2.53-20.32) and the corneal astigmatism(P=0.013, OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.03-0.65) were significantly associated with the incidence of OBL by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Visual acuity, efficacy, and safety were comparable between the two groups two months after surgery except for a slightly lower predictability value for the hard OBL eyes.CONCLUSION: The reduction of the incidence of OBL is obvious when the outlet of gas diffusing canal located at the posterior border of the corneoscleral limbus. This is probably consequent to more effectiveness of gas diffusing canal. Corneal astigmatism is also an independent protective factor for OBL formation.

Effect of endothelial progenitor cells derived from human umbilical cord blood on oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice by intravitreal transplantation

AIM： To investigate the effect of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） labeled by carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester（CFSE） on murine oxygen-induced retinopathy（OIR） by intravitreal transplantation.METHODS： After isolated from human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells, EPCs were cultivated and then labeled with CFSE in vitro. C57BL/6J mice were placed to75% hyperoxia chamber from P7 to P12 to establish OIR model. At P12, OIR mice were intravitreally injected with1 μL suspension contained 2×105EPCs（EPCs group） or isometric phosphate buffered saline（PBS group）. The contralateral eye of each mice received no injection（OIR group）. Evans blue angiography and frozen section were examined to track the labeled cells in OIR group at P15 and P19. Using retina paraffin sections and adenosinediphos phatase staining at P12 and P19, the effect of EPCs on OIR mice was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. RESULTS： The retinas from EPCs group with less non-perfusion area and fewer peripheral tufts wereobserved at P19, comparing with that from PBS or OIR group. The retinopathy in EPCs group receded earlier with less non-ganglion cells and neovascular nuclei,together with relatively regular distribution. The counts of the neovascular nuclei at P19 were reduced by 44% or45%, compared with those of OIR group or PBS group respectively. Three days after EPCs injection, a large number of EPCs appeared in the vitreous cavity and adhered to the retinal surface. While at one week, the cells gathered between the internal plexiform layer and the inner limiting membrane, and some EPCs appeared in retinal vessels.CONCLUSION： EPCs transplantation can participate in the reparative procedure of the neovascularization in OIR.

Comparison of three fluorescence labeling and tracking methods of endothelial progenitor cells in laser-injured retina

AIM： To compare three kinds of fluorescent probes for in vitro labeling and in vivo tracking of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） in a mouse model of laser-induced retinal injury.METHODS： EPCs were isolated from human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells and labeled with three different fluorescent probes： 5-（and-6）-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester（CFSE）, 1,1′-dilinoleyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindo-carbocyanine perchlorate linked acetylated low-density lipoprotein（Di I-Ac LDL）, and green fluorescent protein（GFP）. The fluorescent intensity of EPCs was examined by confocal microscopy. Survival rate of labeled EPCs was calculated with trypan blue staining, and their adhesive capability was assessed. A mouse model of retinal injury was induced by laser, and EPCs were injected into the vitreous cavity. Frozen section and fluorescein angiography on flat-mounted retinal samples was employed to track the labeled EPCs in vivo.RESULTS： EPCs labeled with CFSE and Di I-Ac LDL exhibited an intense green and red fluorescence at the beginning; the fluorescence intensity decreased gradually to 20.23% and 49.99% respectively, after 28 d. On the contrary, the florescent intensity of GFP-labeled EPCs increased in a time-dependent manner. All labeled EPCs showed normal morphology and no significant change in survival and adhesive capability. In the mouse model, transplantation of EPCs showed a protective effect against retinal injury. EPCs labeled with CFSE and Di I-Ac LDL were successfully tracked in mice during the development of retinal injury and repair; however, GFP-labeled EPCs were not detected in the laser-injured mouse retina.CONCLUSION： The three fluorescent markers used in this study have their own set of advantages and disadvantages. CFSE and Di I-Ac LDL are suitable for short-term EPClabeling, while GFP should be used for long-term labeling. The choice of fluorescent markers should be guided by the purpose of the study.

里岔黑猪母猪断奶空怀期的饲养管理技术要点

母猪断奶空怀期是指仔猪断奶后到母猪配种之前的时间段,在生猪养殖生产中,科学合理的饲养断奶后母猪,有利于母猪恢复体能,促进发情排卵,及时配种,提高受胎率,使其在下一个繁殖周期内生产更多健康仔猪,提高养猪的经济效益。文章以里岔黑猪母猪在断奶期间的饲养管理为主,重点探讨在环境条件、饲料营养、疫病治疗和催情措施等方面的技术性措施,旨在为广大从业者提供参考。

磷酸西格列汀的酶法合成工艺改进

磷酸西格列汀的酶法合成工艺是美国Merck公司与Codexis公司合作开发的一条绿色高效合成途径。主要在酶法合成工艺基础上进行改进,具体通过可表达转氨酶的重组大肠杆菌BL21(ED3)培养获得菌泥,经破碎后投入催化反应,底物转化率达95.83%。调酸性分离使有机杂质含量低于1.0%,调碱性分离西格列汀,与磷酸成盐后精制得到磷酸西格列汀一水合物,收率84.6%,ee>99.99%,综合回收并使用二甲基亚砜与异丙醇。改进后相比文献方法提高约3%的转化率,明显降低了生产成本,适用于大量生产,为同类型酶催化工艺设计提供了一个新的思路。

PRL植入术后迟发性眼前节毒性综合征一例

患者,女,27岁,因“右眼近视伴弱视27年,左眼近视16年”于2018年4月14日在苏州大学附属理想眼科医院行“右眼有晶状体眼后房型屈光晶状体(Posterior chamber phakic refractive lens,PRL)植入术”。术前否认外伤史、葡萄膜炎、青光眼及视网膜色素变性等病史。术前检查:右眼视力-19.0 D=0.4,左眼-4.5 D=1.2;双眼结膜无充血水肿,角膜透明,前房深度中等,房水清,晶状体透明,玻璃体轻度混浊;右眼眼底视盘色淡,C/D约0.3,视盘颞侧可见近视弧,视网膜平伏,呈豹纹状改变,后极部可见散在萎缩灶.