Small scale foundries in Ghana are in search of a suitable coke for their foundry operations since there is no coal mine in Ghana. Two grades of spent prebaked aluminium carbon anodes (herein referred to as grade P an...Small scale foundries in Ghana are in search of a suitable coke for their foundry operations since there is no coal mine in Ghana. Two grades of spent prebaked aluminium carbon anodes (herein referred to as grade P and grade K), which are remnants from the aluminium electrolysis at Volta Aluminum Company (VALCO), an aluminium smelting company in Ghana, have been characterized to assess their quality and use as foundry coke. Proximate analysis and X-ray diffraction techniques have been used for their quality assessments. Coke grade P had lower moisture content, volatile matter and ash content compared to grade K. In both grades, sulphur and phosphorus contents were within requirements of a quality foundry coke. However, the volatile matter and ash contents of both grades were not satisfactory. Fixed carbon contents in both grades were below that of a quality foundry coke. Carbon structure of coke found in both grades is crystalline in nature. The crystalline width, Lc, was calculated to be 4.05 ? and 5.12 ? for grade K and P, respectively.展开更多
The application of ferrous slags as aggregate, road bed materials, soil fertility conditioner and as clinker materials depend on their chemical and mineralogical characteristics. In order to assess the possibilities o...The application of ferrous slags as aggregate, road bed materials, soil fertility conditioner and as clinker materials depend on their chemical and mineralogical characteristics. In order to assess the possibilities of using ferrous slags generated in Ghana, selected slag samples from some foundries have been characterized. A total of six bulk samples were collected from three different foundry shops to determine their chemical and mineralogical composition. The slag samples showed varied chemical and mineralogical characteristics. Differences are as a result of the differences in furnace charge, operation temperatures, grades of refractory furnace lining and melting additives. Calcium oxide (CaO) contents observed in all investigated samples were in combined form (i.e. not free CaO). The low amounts of calcium oxide in the slag samples limit their applications in the area of cement/aggregate production. Even though slags were found to be alkaline, for these slags to effectively neutralize the acidity of soil and improve its fertility, components such as CaO, SiO2, MgO and FeO in the slag must be improved. However, these slags could be used as road bed materials.展开更多
文摘Small scale foundries in Ghana are in search of a suitable coke for their foundry operations since there is no coal mine in Ghana. Two grades of spent prebaked aluminium carbon anodes (herein referred to as grade P and grade K), which are remnants from the aluminium electrolysis at Volta Aluminum Company (VALCO), an aluminium smelting company in Ghana, have been characterized to assess their quality and use as foundry coke. Proximate analysis and X-ray diffraction techniques have been used for their quality assessments. Coke grade P had lower moisture content, volatile matter and ash content compared to grade K. In both grades, sulphur and phosphorus contents were within requirements of a quality foundry coke. However, the volatile matter and ash contents of both grades were not satisfactory. Fixed carbon contents in both grades were below that of a quality foundry coke. Carbon structure of coke found in both grades is crystalline in nature. The crystalline width, Lc, was calculated to be 4.05 ? and 5.12 ? for grade K and P, respectively.
文摘The application of ferrous slags as aggregate, road bed materials, soil fertility conditioner and as clinker materials depend on their chemical and mineralogical characteristics. In order to assess the possibilities of using ferrous slags generated in Ghana, selected slag samples from some foundries have been characterized. A total of six bulk samples were collected from three different foundry shops to determine their chemical and mineralogical composition. The slag samples showed varied chemical and mineralogical characteristics. Differences are as a result of the differences in furnace charge, operation temperatures, grades of refractory furnace lining and melting additives. Calcium oxide (CaO) contents observed in all investigated samples were in combined form (i.e. not free CaO). The low amounts of calcium oxide in the slag samples limit their applications in the area of cement/aggregate production. Even though slags were found to be alkaline, for these slags to effectively neutralize the acidity of soil and improve its fertility, components such as CaO, SiO2, MgO and FeO in the slag must be improved. However, these slags could be used as road bed materials.
