In inertial fusion energy(IFE) research, a considerable attention has recently been focused on the issue of large target fabrication for MJ-class laser facilities. The ignition and high-gain target designs require a c...In inertial fusion energy(IFE) research, a considerable attention has recently been focused on the issue of large target fabrication for MJ-class laser facilities. The ignition and high-gain target designs require a condensed uniform layer of hydrogen fuel on the inside of a spherical shell. In this report, we discuss the current status and further trends in the area of developing the layering techniques intended to produce ignition, and layering techniques proposed to high repetition rate and mass production of IFE targets.展开更多
In inertial fusion energy(IFE)research,a number of technological issues have focused on the ability to inexpensively fabricate large quantities of free-standing targets(FSTs)by developing a specialized layering module...In inertial fusion energy(IFE)research,a number of technological issues have focused on the ability to inexpensively fabricate large quantities of free-standing targets(FSTs)by developing a specialized layering module with repeatable operation.Of central importance for the progress towards plasma generation with intense thermonuclear reactions is the fuel structure,which must be isotropic to ensure that fusion will take place.In this report,the results of modeling the FST layering time,τForm,are presented for targets which are shells of^4 mm in diameter with a wall made from compact and porous polymers.The layer thickness is^200μm for pure solid fuel and^250μm for in-porous solid fuel.Computation showsτForm<23 s for D2 fuel andτForm<30 s for D–T fuel.This is an excellent result in terms of minimizing the tritium inventory,producing IFE targets in massive numbers(~1 million each day)and obtaining the fuel as isotropic ultrafine layers.It is shown experimentally that such small layering time can be realized by the FST layering method in line-moving,high-gain direct-drive cryogenic targets using n-fold-spiral layering channels at n=2,3.展开更多
Nowadays,inertial confinement fusion(ICF)research related to noncontact positioning and transport of free-standing cryogenic targets is playing an increasingly important role in this field.The operational principle be...Nowadays,inertial confinement fusion(ICF)research related to noncontact positioning and transport of free-standing cryogenic targets is playing an increasingly important role in this field.The operational principle behind these technologies is the magnetic acceleration of the levitating target carrier(or sabot)made from Type-Ⅱ,high-temperature superconductors(HTSCs).The physics of interaction among levitation,guidance and propulsion systems is based on a quantum levitation of high-pinning HTSCs in the mutually normal magnetic fields.This paper discusses current target delivery strategies and future perspectives to create different permanent magnet guideway(PMG)systems for ICF target transport with levitation.In particular,several PMG building options for optimizing both suspension and levitation of ICF targets using an HTSC-sabot will be analyzed.Credible solutions have been demonstrated for both linear and round PMGs,including the ones with a cyclotron acceleration process to realize high-running velocities of the HTSCsabot for a limited magnetic track.Focusing on physics,we describe in detail the main aspects of the PMG building and the results obtained from computations and proof of principle experiments.High-pinning HTSC magnetic levitation promises a stable and self-controlled levitation to accelerate the ICF targets placed in the HTSC-sabots up to the required injection velocities of 200 m/s and beyond.展开更多
文摘In inertial fusion energy(IFE) research, a considerable attention has recently been focused on the issue of large target fabrication for MJ-class laser facilities. The ignition and high-gain target designs require a condensed uniform layer of hydrogen fuel on the inside of a spherical shell. In this report, we discuss the current status and further trends in the area of developing the layering techniques intended to produce ignition, and layering techniques proposed to high repetition rate and mass production of IFE targets.
基金supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency under Research Contract No. 20344by the Russian Government in the frame of the State Task Program
文摘In inertial fusion energy(IFE)research,a number of technological issues have focused on the ability to inexpensively fabricate large quantities of free-standing targets(FSTs)by developing a specialized layering module with repeatable operation.Of central importance for the progress towards plasma generation with intense thermonuclear reactions is the fuel structure,which must be isotropic to ensure that fusion will take place.In this report,the results of modeling the FST layering time,τForm,are presented for targets which are shells of^4 mm in diameter with a wall made from compact and porous polymers.The layer thickness is^200μm for pure solid fuel and^250μm for in-porous solid fuel.Computation showsτForm<23 s for D2 fuel andτForm<30 s for D–T fuel.This is an excellent result in terms of minimizing the tritium inventory,producing IFE targets in massive numbers(~1 million each day)and obtaining the fuel as isotropic ultrafine layers.It is shown experimentally that such small layering time can be realized by the FST layering method in line-moving,high-gain direct-drive cryogenic targets using n-fold-spiral layering channels at n=2,3.
基金the IAEA within project No.24154,‘Modeling of the Optics Degradation under Ionizing Radiation and Mass Fabrication of Low Aspect-Ratio Targets for a Repetition-Rate IFE Facility’the framework of the LPI State Task and under the program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences。
文摘Nowadays,inertial confinement fusion(ICF)research related to noncontact positioning and transport of free-standing cryogenic targets is playing an increasingly important role in this field.The operational principle behind these technologies is the magnetic acceleration of the levitating target carrier(or sabot)made from Type-Ⅱ,high-temperature superconductors(HTSCs).The physics of interaction among levitation,guidance and propulsion systems is based on a quantum levitation of high-pinning HTSCs in the mutually normal magnetic fields.This paper discusses current target delivery strategies and future perspectives to create different permanent magnet guideway(PMG)systems for ICF target transport with levitation.In particular,several PMG building options for optimizing both suspension and levitation of ICF targets using an HTSC-sabot will be analyzed.Credible solutions have been demonstrated for both linear and round PMGs,including the ones with a cyclotron acceleration process to realize high-running velocities of the HTSCsabot for a limited magnetic track.Focusing on physics,we describe in detail the main aspects of the PMG building and the results obtained from computations and proof of principle experiments.High-pinning HTSC magnetic levitation promises a stable and self-controlled levitation to accelerate the ICF targets placed in the HTSC-sabots up to the required injection velocities of 200 m/s and beyond.
