The results of the present study indicate that glandless cottonseed meal (CSM) can be incorporated in extruded corn flour snacks at a 10% content level, which increases snack protein content to 12.8% and reduce fat co...The results of the present study indicate that glandless cottonseed meal (CSM) can be incorporated in extruded corn flour snacks at a 10% content level, which increases snack protein content to 12.8% and reduce fat content to 6.2%. To improve snacks’ nutritional quality, CSM and corn flour were extruded using a simple screw extruder. An expansion index (EI) ranging of 1.2 - 4.7 was obtained. Penetration force (PF) was 7 - 9 times harder than other extruded products. High extrusion temperature and high CSM concentrations decreased (p p p< 0.05) extrudates’ water solubility index. Extrusion conditions used showed a 68.5% starch gelatinization, and a starch availability of more than 97%, which explains the high expansion index obtained.展开更多
Food and waterborne diseases pose considerable public health threats even in highly industrialized parts of the world.Examples of these pathogens in food can be Escherichia coli O157:H7,Salmonella sp.,and Listeria mon...Food and waterborne diseases pose considerable public health threats even in highly industrialized parts of the world.Examples of these pathogens in food can be Escherichia coli O157:H7,Salmonella sp.,and Listeria monocytogenes.Rapid,reliable detection of pathogens mitigates serious health problems and economic losses due to outbreaks and robust tests safeguard the food supply.In this study,a smartphone-based apparatus was employed to demonstrate quantitative detection of E.coli.To validate the applicability of the present smartphone-based fluorescence device,RNA was extracted from the E.coli K-12 strain and amplified using two different primers(dnaK and rpoA)via quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Serial dilutions of RNA from 10 to 0.0001 ng/μL were prepared at the start of the PCR amplification and the PCR products were detected by CYBR Green1-based fluorescence.For a proof-of-concept test for the smartphone system,samples from these PCR products were then analyzed.The detection system employed a novel algorithm to analyze fluorescence signals and read changes in E.coli DNA concentration.The correlations between the fluorescence percentage and DNA concentrations were R=0.945 for the dnaK primer and R=0.893 for the rpoA primer,respectively.Utilizing this new fluorescent analysis technique resulted in comparable accuracy to the real-time PCR fluorescent signal detection.The key innovation of this approach was to combine efficient image processing encoded into a smartphone application with a low-cost 3-D printed device that allowed quantification of bacterial nucleic acid.展开更多
文摘The results of the present study indicate that glandless cottonseed meal (CSM) can be incorporated in extruded corn flour snacks at a 10% content level, which increases snack protein content to 12.8% and reduce fat content to 6.2%. To improve snacks’ nutritional quality, CSM and corn flour were extruded using a simple screw extruder. An expansion index (EI) ranging of 1.2 - 4.7 was obtained. Penetration force (PF) was 7 - 9 times harder than other extruded products. High extrusion temperature and high CSM concentrations decreased (p p p< 0.05) extrudates’ water solubility index. Extrusion conditions used showed a 68.5% starch gelatinization, and a starch availability of more than 97%, which explains the high expansion index obtained.
基金This work was supported in part by WorkFoS-Ag Program(Grant No.2021-67037-34163)the ALFA-IoT Program(Grant No.2018-38422-28564)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
文摘Food and waterborne diseases pose considerable public health threats even in highly industrialized parts of the world.Examples of these pathogens in food can be Escherichia coli O157:H7,Salmonella sp.,and Listeria monocytogenes.Rapid,reliable detection of pathogens mitigates serious health problems and economic losses due to outbreaks and robust tests safeguard the food supply.In this study,a smartphone-based apparatus was employed to demonstrate quantitative detection of E.coli.To validate the applicability of the present smartphone-based fluorescence device,RNA was extracted from the E.coli K-12 strain and amplified using two different primers(dnaK and rpoA)via quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Serial dilutions of RNA from 10 to 0.0001 ng/μL were prepared at the start of the PCR amplification and the PCR products were detected by CYBR Green1-based fluorescence.For a proof-of-concept test for the smartphone system,samples from these PCR products were then analyzed.The detection system employed a novel algorithm to analyze fluorescence signals and read changes in E.coli DNA concentration.The correlations between the fluorescence percentage and DNA concentrations were R=0.945 for the dnaK primer and R=0.893 for the rpoA primer,respectively.Utilizing this new fluorescent analysis technique resulted in comparable accuracy to the real-time PCR fluorescent signal detection.The key innovation of this approach was to combine efficient image processing encoded into a smartphone application with a low-cost 3-D printed device that allowed quantification of bacterial nucleic acid.
