The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted th...The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in the health,performance,and various physiological functions of fish.The microbiota has been studied in various fish species,including model animals,economic fish,and wild fish species.The composition of the fish microbiota depends on host selection,diet,and environmental factors.The intestinal microbiota affects the nutritional metabolism,immunity,and disease resistance of the fish host,while the host regulates the intestinal microbiota in a reciprocal way through both immune and non-immune factors.Improved and novel gnotobiotic fish models have been developed,which are important for the mechanistic study of host–microbiota interactions in fish.In this review,we discuss recent progress in fish microbiota research.We describe various aspects of this research,including both studies on fish microbiota variations and fundamental research extending our knowledge of host–microbiota interaction in fish.Perspectives on how fish microbiota research may benefit fish health and industrial sustainability are also discussed.展开更多
Effect of ethanol extracts of green tea(Camellia sinensis L.)and amla(Phyllanthus emblica Linn)were investigated on quality and melanosis of chilled stored Indian white prawn(Fenneropenaeus indicus)during 28 days.Extr...Effect of ethanol extracts of green tea(Camellia sinensis L.)and amla(Phyllanthus emblica Linn)were investigated on quality and melanosis of chilled stored Indian white prawn(Fenneropenaeus indicus)during 28 days.Extracts were subjected to antioxidant assays viz.1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical reducing power methods(DPPH),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),total phenolic content(TPC)and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)to evaluate antioxidant potentiality and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)to identify organic constituents.Polyphenol oxidase(PPO)inhibition was assessed to check the efficacy of the extracts as anti-melanogenic agents.Biochemical(total volatile nitrogen,free fatty acid and peroxide values),bacteriological(aerobic counts),melanosis inhibition and sensory quality of chilled stored shrimp were addressed to investigate the efficacy of extracts as preservative and anti-melanogenic remedy.Free reducing power of green tea-and amla extracts were in a range of 28.72-65.67%and 17.38-66.95%,respectively.Phenolic content level was almost same for green tea and amla extract(2.46±0.002 and 2.51±0.036 mg GAE/gram).Total antioxidant capacity of green tea(210.33±4.63 mg EqAsc/g)was slightly higher than that of amla extracts(145.56±1.98 mg EqAsc/g).FRAP value revealed that green tea(477.49±3.25 mgE Fe(II)/g)had more ferric reducing power than amla(324.39±5.85 mgE Fe(II)/g).FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of essential organic bioactive compounds,which play an important role in reducing lipid oxidation and quality loss,and both extracts possess an encouraging PPO inhibition ability.Treatment by green tea-and amla extracts on chilled stored shrimp showed promising effects on biochemical and microbiological parameters followed by melanosis inhibition and enhanced sensory attributes.Treated Indian white prawn with green tea-and amla extract revealed significantly(P<0.05)lower value of biochemical indices and microbial load during chilled storage compared to untreated sample.展开更多
The gastrointestinal(GI)microbiome in fish plays significant roles in health and disease resistance.This investigation was accomplished to enumerate,characterize and identify the potential probiotic bacteria from thre...The gastrointestinal(GI)microbiome in fish plays significant roles in health and disease resistance.This investigation was accomplished to enumerate,characterize and identify the potential probiotic bacteria from three Indian Major Carps(IMCs),viz.,rohu(Labeo rohita),catla(Catla catla)and mrigal(Cirrhinus mrigala)using culture dependent methods.Altogether,105 pathogen-inhibitory bacteria(out of 1216 isolates)were detected from three IMCs by double layer assay.16S rRNA partial gene sequence analyses and BLAST search in the NCBI GenBank unveiled that 94.29%of the pathogen inhibitory bacteria were bacilli(99 strains)and Bacillus licheniformis by far the most common(28%).The primarily selected 27 pathogen-inhibitory strains(cumulative inhibition score≥13)produced extracellular enzymes,while 15 of them produced all the six exo-enzymes studied(amylase,protease,lipase,cellulase,phytase and xylanase).Gut stability of the strains became apparent by their ability to grow in fish mucus and tolerance to diluted bile-juice.Finally,14 strains were noticed asγ-hemolytic and susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics.Further,intra-peritoneal injection withγ-hemolytic strains did not induce any pathological signs or mortalities in fish,and thus were considered as safe.These 14γ-hemolytic isolates were represented by the genus Bacillus(13)and Stenotrophomonas(1),which might form probiotic consortia for prospective use in carp culture.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31925038 and 32122088)。
文摘The gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and disease.Our understanding of the fish microbiota lags far behind our knowledge of that of humans and other mammals.Nevertheless,research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in the health,performance,and various physiological functions of fish.The microbiota has been studied in various fish species,including model animals,economic fish,and wild fish species.The composition of the fish microbiota depends on host selection,diet,and environmental factors.The intestinal microbiota affects the nutritional metabolism,immunity,and disease resistance of the fish host,while the host regulates the intestinal microbiota in a reciprocal way through both immune and non-immune factors.Improved and novel gnotobiotic fish models have been developed,which are important for the mechanistic study of host–microbiota interactions in fish.In this review,we discuss recent progress in fish microbiota research.We describe various aspects of this research,including both studies on fish microbiota variations and fundamental research extending our knowledge of host–microbiota interaction in fish.Perspectives on how fish microbiota research may benefit fish health and industrial sustainability are also discussed.
文摘Effect of ethanol extracts of green tea(Camellia sinensis L.)and amla(Phyllanthus emblica Linn)were investigated on quality and melanosis of chilled stored Indian white prawn(Fenneropenaeus indicus)during 28 days.Extracts were subjected to antioxidant assays viz.1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical reducing power methods(DPPH),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),total phenolic content(TPC)and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)to evaluate antioxidant potentiality and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)to identify organic constituents.Polyphenol oxidase(PPO)inhibition was assessed to check the efficacy of the extracts as anti-melanogenic agents.Biochemical(total volatile nitrogen,free fatty acid and peroxide values),bacteriological(aerobic counts),melanosis inhibition and sensory quality of chilled stored shrimp were addressed to investigate the efficacy of extracts as preservative and anti-melanogenic remedy.Free reducing power of green tea-and amla extracts were in a range of 28.72-65.67%and 17.38-66.95%,respectively.Phenolic content level was almost same for green tea and amla extract(2.46±0.002 and 2.51±0.036 mg GAE/gram).Total antioxidant capacity of green tea(210.33±4.63 mg EqAsc/g)was slightly higher than that of amla extracts(145.56±1.98 mg EqAsc/g).FRAP value revealed that green tea(477.49±3.25 mgE Fe(II)/g)had more ferric reducing power than amla(324.39±5.85 mgE Fe(II)/g).FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of essential organic bioactive compounds,which play an important role in reducing lipid oxidation and quality loss,and both extracts possess an encouraging PPO inhibition ability.Treatment by green tea-and amla extracts on chilled stored shrimp showed promising effects on biochemical and microbiological parameters followed by melanosis inhibition and enhanced sensory attributes.Treated Indian white prawn with green tea-and amla extract revealed significantly(P<0.05)lower value of biochemical indices and microbial load during chilled storage compared to untreated sample.
基金University Grants Commission(UGC-SAP-DRS programme),New Delhi,IndiaDepartment of Science and Technology(FIST and PURSE programmes),New Delhi,India for research support.
文摘The gastrointestinal(GI)microbiome in fish plays significant roles in health and disease resistance.This investigation was accomplished to enumerate,characterize and identify the potential probiotic bacteria from three Indian Major Carps(IMCs),viz.,rohu(Labeo rohita),catla(Catla catla)and mrigal(Cirrhinus mrigala)using culture dependent methods.Altogether,105 pathogen-inhibitory bacteria(out of 1216 isolates)were detected from three IMCs by double layer assay.16S rRNA partial gene sequence analyses and BLAST search in the NCBI GenBank unveiled that 94.29%of the pathogen inhibitory bacteria were bacilli(99 strains)and Bacillus licheniformis by far the most common(28%).The primarily selected 27 pathogen-inhibitory strains(cumulative inhibition score≥13)produced extracellular enzymes,while 15 of them produced all the six exo-enzymes studied(amylase,protease,lipase,cellulase,phytase and xylanase).Gut stability of the strains became apparent by their ability to grow in fish mucus and tolerance to diluted bile-juice.Finally,14 strains were noticed asγ-hemolytic and susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics.Further,intra-peritoneal injection withγ-hemolytic strains did not induce any pathological signs or mortalities in fish,and thus were considered as safe.These 14γ-hemolytic isolates were represented by the genus Bacillus(13)and Stenotrophomonas(1),which might form probiotic consortia for prospective use in carp culture.