Sarcopenia or cachexia is often complicated in heart failure.Nutritional support,particularly branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)supplementation,is a candidate treatment for improving sarcopenia or cachexia in elderly pat...Sarcopenia or cachexia is often complicated in heart failure.Nutritional support,particularly branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)supplementation,is a candidate treatment for improving sarcopenia or cachexia in elderly patients.However,the efficacy of BCAA supplementation in patients with heart failure has not been established,and the issue is comparatively more complex.Indeed,there are conflicting reports on the efficacy of BCAA supplementation.The evidence for including BCAA supplementation in treating patients with heart failure was reviewed,and the complexity of the issue was discussed.展开更多
Reactive oxygen species(ROS) and oxidative stress are closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis,and the most important regulator of ROS production in endothelial cells is NADPH oxidase.Activation of N...Reactive oxygen species(ROS) and oxidative stress are closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis,and the most important regulator of ROS production in endothelial cells is NADPH oxidase.Activation of NADPH oxidase requires the assembly of multiple subunits into lipid rafts,which include specific lipid components,including free cholesterol and specific proteins.Disorders of lipid metabolism such as hyperlipidemia affect the cellular lipid components included in rafts,resulting in modification of cellular reactions that produce ROS.In the similar manner,several pathways associating ROS production are affected by the presence of lipid disorder through raft compartments.In this manuscript,we review the pathophysiological implications of hyperlipidemia and lipid rafts in the production of ROS.展开更多
文摘Sarcopenia or cachexia is often complicated in heart failure.Nutritional support,particularly branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)supplementation,is a candidate treatment for improving sarcopenia or cachexia in elderly patients.However,the efficacy of BCAA supplementation in patients with heart failure has not been established,and the issue is comparatively more complex.Indeed,there are conflicting reports on the efficacy of BCAA supplementation.The evidence for including BCAA supplementation in treating patients with heart failure was reviewed,and the complexity of the issue was discussed.
基金Supported by The Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan through grant-in-aid 26461103(to Amiya E)
文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS) and oxidative stress are closely associated with the development of atherosclerosis,and the most important regulator of ROS production in endothelial cells is NADPH oxidase.Activation of NADPH oxidase requires the assembly of multiple subunits into lipid rafts,which include specific lipid components,including free cholesterol and specific proteins.Disorders of lipid metabolism such as hyperlipidemia affect the cellular lipid components included in rafts,resulting in modification of cellular reactions that produce ROS.In the similar manner,several pathways associating ROS production are affected by the presence of lipid disorder through raft compartments.In this manuscript,we review the pathophysiological implications of hyperlipidemia and lipid rafts in the production of ROS.
