This article aims to analyse the economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC),a core component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),for the Greater Middle East with focus on Pakistan,Saudi ...This article aims to analyse the economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC),a core component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),for the Greater Middle East with focus on Pakistan,Saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates(UAE),Qatar and Oman.In so doing,the article underscores on the one hand the existing economic cooperation between Pakistan and the said countries and on the other highlights China’s growing interest in the Arab World in terms of trade.In this respect,the study incorporates the economic values of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030,Qatar National Vision(2030)and Oman Vision(2040)which provide for transregional economic cooperation in terms of market connectivity.In order to realise the latter,the CPEC,as part of the BRI,offers itself as means and market to transregional stakeholders.Empirically,the study posits that CPEC under the BRI framework carries positive economic implications for the Greater Middle East on account of existing and emerging investment and trade trends transregionally.Nonetheless,prospects for economic cooperation are beset with geopolitical challenges such as the recent Iran-US stand-off.The BRI,in remedial terms,can generate stakes for transregional(non-)BRI countries,especially Iran,India and the US in order to prefer peaceful means for conflict resolution.展开更多
Moving object detection in dynamic scenes is a basic task in a surveillance system for sensor data collection. In this paper, we present a powerful back- ground subtraction algorithm called Gaussian-kernel density est...Moving object detection in dynamic scenes is a basic task in a surveillance system for sensor data collection. In this paper, we present a powerful back- ground subtraction algorithm called Gaussian-kernel density estimator （G-KDE） that improves the accuracy and reduces the computational load. The main innovation is that we divide the changes of background into continuous and stable changes to deal with dynamic scenes and moving objects that first merge into the background, and separately model background using both KDE model and Gaussian models. To get a temporal- spatial background model, the sample selection is based on the concept of region average at the update stage. In the detection stage, neighborhood information content （NIC） is implemented which suppresses the false detection due to small and un-modeled movements in the scene. The experimental results which are generated on three separate sequences indicate that this method is well suited for precise detection of moving objects in complex scenes and it can be efficiently used in various detection systems.展开更多
This article attempts to underscore the extraordinary significance of Special Eco-nomic Zones(SEZs)in the industrialization and economic growth of Pakistan as well as the development and consolidation of China-Pakista...This article attempts to underscore the extraordinary significance of Special Eco-nomic Zones(SEZs)in the industrialization and economic growth of Pakistan as well as the development and consolidation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)-which is a core component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).Though Pakistan has previously experimented with SEZs,its scale,outreach and impact on the country's economy and society remained very limited.Thus,the proposed SEZs under the CPEC offer new opportunities for mutual economic cooperation,investment,human resource development,sustained industrialization and,above all,the consolidation of CPEC.Nevertheless,there are several challenges ranging from structural issues to security problems that the proposed SEZs,in particular,and CPEC,in general,face.The article,thus,provides a comprehensive set of strategies to convert challenges into capabilities.展开更多
文摘This article aims to analyse the economic significance of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC),a core component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),for the Greater Middle East with focus on Pakistan,Saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates(UAE),Qatar and Oman.In so doing,the article underscores on the one hand the existing economic cooperation between Pakistan and the said countries and on the other highlights China’s growing interest in the Arab World in terms of trade.In this respect,the study incorporates the economic values of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030,Qatar National Vision(2030)and Oman Vision(2040)which provide for transregional economic cooperation in terms of market connectivity.In order to realise the latter,the CPEC,as part of the BRI,offers itself as means and market to transregional stakeholders.Empirically,the study posits that CPEC under the BRI framework carries positive economic implications for the Greater Middle East on account of existing and emerging investment and trade trends transregionally.Nonetheless,prospects for economic cooperation are beset with geopolitical challenges such as the recent Iran-US stand-off.The BRI,in remedial terms,can generate stakes for transregional(non-)BRI countries,especially Iran,India and the US in order to prefer peaceful means for conflict resolution.
文摘Moving object detection in dynamic scenes is a basic task in a surveillance system for sensor data collection. In this paper, we present a powerful back- ground subtraction algorithm called Gaussian-kernel density estimator （G-KDE） that improves the accuracy and reduces the computational load. The main innovation is that we divide the changes of background into continuous and stable changes to deal with dynamic scenes and moving objects that first merge into the background, and separately model background using both KDE model and Gaussian models. To get a temporal- spatial background model, the sample selection is based on the concept of region average at the update stage. In the detection stage, neighborhood information content （NIC） is implemented which suppresses the false detection due to small and un-modeled movements in the scene. The experimental results which are generated on three separate sequences indicate that this method is well suited for precise detection of moving objects in complex scenes and it can be efficiently used in various detection systems.
文摘This article attempts to underscore the extraordinary significance of Special Eco-nomic Zones(SEZs)in the industrialization and economic growth of Pakistan as well as the development and consolidation of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)-which is a core component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).Though Pakistan has previously experimented with SEZs,its scale,outreach and impact on the country's economy and society remained very limited.Thus,the proposed SEZs under the CPEC offer new opportunities for mutual economic cooperation,investment,human resource development,sustained industrialization and,above all,the consolidation of CPEC.Nevertheless,there are several challenges ranging from structural issues to security problems that the proposed SEZs,in particular,and CPEC,in general,face.The article,thus,provides a comprehensive set of strategies to convert challenges into capabilities.
