Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide.Etiology of colon cancer continues to be investigated with research findings ranging from environment to diet to inherited gene mutations.Risk factors associ...Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide.Etiology of colon cancer continues to be investigated with research findings ranging from environment to diet to inherited gene mutations.Risk factors associated with colon cancer include familial history of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease,as well as lifestyle-related modifiable influences like diet,weight,and exercise.Recent findings point to the connection between diet and gut microbiota,which is highly affected by changes in diet promoting either an environment of beneficial bacteria or dysbiosis.Dietary effects on the microbiome can impact health outcomes,including an increased risk for colorectal cancer.Although the mechanisms behind the effect of gut microbiota on the development of colorectal cancer continues to evolve,its effect on both inflammation and immune response may play a key role.Further,after development of colorectal cancer diagnosis,the changes to gut microbiota have a potential to continue to influence the effectiveness of therapy and treatment.This review presents the current knowledge around the diet-modulated gut microbiome and its association with,risk for,development of,and treatment of colorectal cancer.Overall,further research on dietary elements that affect the gut microbiome and its subsequent effect on development and treatment of colorectal cancer is needed for applicable recommendations that can be made for dietary modulation of the gut microbiota for improved health outcomes.展开更多
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world.Accumulating evidence indicates that obesity is strongly associated with the development of cancer.This review aims to understand the underpinning mechanism of...Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world.Accumulating evidence indicates that obesity is strongly associated with the development of cancer.This review aims to understand the underpinning mechanism of how obesity contributes to the development of cancer.As obesity is an exaggeration of normal adiposity associated with extreme chronicity and co-existing conditions,true causality and underlying mechanisms are difficult to evaluate.Moreover,the exact causal relationship is yet to be established.Therefore,it will be unlikely to outline a"one system fits all"mechanism for this obesity-cancer axis;however,the biological processes linking obesity and cancer need to be better understood.In this review,we tried to portray the postulated mechanisms considering common pathophysiology associated with obesity,leading to cancer progression.Obesity-mediated insulin metabolism,sustained low-grade inflammatory signaling,elevated estrogen metabolism,and abnormal microbiome diversity and dysbiosis are among those mechanisms that can lead to tumor and cancer progression.展开更多
基金funded by the faculty professional development from the College of Health and Human Services at Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
文摘Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide.Etiology of colon cancer continues to be investigated with research findings ranging from environment to diet to inherited gene mutations.Risk factors associated with colon cancer include familial history of colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease,as well as lifestyle-related modifiable influences like diet,weight,and exercise.Recent findings point to the connection between diet and gut microbiota,which is highly affected by changes in diet promoting either an environment of beneficial bacteria or dysbiosis.Dietary effects on the microbiome can impact health outcomes,including an increased risk for colorectal cancer.Although the mechanisms behind the effect of gut microbiota on the development of colorectal cancer continues to evolve,its effect on both inflammation and immune response may play a key role.Further,after development of colorectal cancer diagnosis,the changes to gut microbiota have a potential to continue to influence the effectiveness of therapy and treatment.This review presents the current knowledge around the diet-modulated gut microbiome and its association with,risk for,development of,and treatment of colorectal cancer.Overall,further research on dietary elements that affect the gut microbiome and its subsequent effect on development and treatment of colorectal cancer is needed for applicable recommendations that can be made for dietary modulation of the gut microbiota for improved health outcomes.
文摘Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world.Accumulating evidence indicates that obesity is strongly associated with the development of cancer.This review aims to understand the underpinning mechanism of how obesity contributes to the development of cancer.As obesity is an exaggeration of normal adiposity associated with extreme chronicity and co-existing conditions,true causality and underlying mechanisms are difficult to evaluate.Moreover,the exact causal relationship is yet to be established.Therefore,it will be unlikely to outline a"one system fits all"mechanism for this obesity-cancer axis;however,the biological processes linking obesity and cancer need to be better understood.In this review,we tried to portray the postulated mechanisms considering common pathophysiology associated with obesity,leading to cancer progression.Obesity-mediated insulin metabolism,sustained low-grade inflammatory signaling,elevated estrogen metabolism,and abnormal microbiome diversity and dysbiosis are among those mechanisms that can lead to tumor and cancer progression.
