Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on serotonin and cortisol for monitoring stress and quality of life in post-treatment breast cancer patients

Objective Immediate physical exercise has been recommended for patients in the recovery phase to improve survival and quality of life(QOL)and reduce recurrence of disease.The new NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship also highlighted the role of exercise in post-cancer health,encouraging patients to perform light physical activity following treatment.The aim of our study is to effect of Tai Chi Chuan(TCC)on serotonin and cortisol for monitoring stress and QOL in post-treatment breast cancer patients.Methods Totally85 post-treatment breast cancer patients were enrolled in this study to observe the effects of practicing TCC on recovery,as well as stress and happiness which are indicators of QOL of in patients.Peripheral blood was drawn from study subjects to analyze the levels of serotonin,cortisol and high sensitive C-reactive protein(HSCRP)at baseline,and at 3,6 and 12 months of TCC practice.Blood was drawn from healthy subjects only at baseline.A QOL questionnaire was administered to study subjects at three time points throughout the study,and once for healthy controls.The data were processed by analysis of variance of repeated measurement.Results At 3,6 and 12 months time points following regular TCC exercise,WBC,RBC,hemoglobin in blood samples showed a statistically significant difference(F=161.55,172.14,289.73;all P=0.00);the level of serotonin(biomarker for well-being),cortisol(indicator of stress)and HS-CRP(biomarker for inflammation)showed a statistical improvement(F=307.46,182.85,102.23;all P=0.00).After 3,6 and 12 months of regular TCC exercise,according to the results of QOL questionnaire,the indicators including quality of sleep,perceived hunger,fatigue,contentment,stress and social interaction presented a significant difference(F=312.98,222.64,543.90,46.05,28.10,78.92,all P<0.05),while there was no statistical difference in life dissatisfaction(F=56.61,P=0.166)Conclusions TCC physical activity for post-treatment breast cancer patients improved QOL and overall well-being,leading to improved mental,physical and psychological functioning.Regulated levels of serotonin and cortisol mediated by TCC exercises are proved to be vital for continued good health.

Application of biomarkers in sentinel lymph node biopsy for the management of breast cancer

Objective Sentinel lymph node in breast cancer is a predictor of the tumor's metastatic potential.Cytokines emerging from antitumor immune response might also target sentinel lymph node (SLN).In this study,we evaluated the cytokine profile including interleukin-8 (IL-8),interleukin-12 (IL-12),interferon-gamma (IFN-γ),and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) for the T-cell response.Methods From January 2008 to August 2010,35 patients with breast mass underwent SLN biopsy in UNIMED Medical Institute.The specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded for hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry with following markers:IL-8,IL-12,IFN-γ and TNF-α.The staining intensity was scored according to four grades:negative (-),weak expression (+),moderately positive expression (+ +),strong positive expression (+ + +).The correlation between the expression of cytokines and pathological characteristics were also analyzed using the Spearman Rank Correlation test.Results Out of 35 patients,SLN metastases were observed in 20 patients and among them,75% (15 /20) were strongly stained (+ + +) with IL-8 and moderately stained (+ +) with IL-12,but only 25% (5 /20) were strongly stained (+ + +) with IFN-γ and TNF-α.The expression of IL-8 was significantly associated with all tumor grades (r=0.639,P=0.00),estrogen receptor (r=0.778,P=0.01),progesterone receptor (r=0.759 P=0.00) and HER-2 /neu receptor (r=0.863 P=0.00).Conclusion The strong association between IL-8 expression and SLN metastases might highlight the prognostic significance of IL-8 in SLN.