Correlationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Carbon Monoxide Intoxication

There is a data gap in the relationship between chronic carbon monoxide intoxication and diabetes mellitus manifestation. This study aims to investigate if a cause-effect relationship exists using rabbits as a choice animal model. A total of twenty rabbits were used for the study comprising equal age and weight-matched control and experimental groups. The experimental group was further divided into 10th day, 20th day and 30th CO intoxicated sub-groups. Vitreous and serum glucose, proteins, lipids, electrolytes and renal function parameters were measured using WHO-approved methods. One-way ANOVA (Post hoc-LSD) and Pearson correlational analysis were used for the data analysis. The result showed a progressive significant increase (p < 0.05) in concentrations of vitreous glucose, urea and creatinine in the experimental groups, while the concentrations of vitreous total cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, globulins, sodium, potassium and pH decreased significantly. In the same vein, the concentrations of serum glucose, triglyceride, and sodium increased significantly (p < 0.05), whereas concentrations of serum cholesterol, total proteins, globulins, potassium, and pH activity decreased significantly. Correlational relationships were also observed between glucose and some associated parameters in the vitreous humour and serum. In conclusion, some of the vitreous and serum biochemical parameters altered followed a similar predictive pattern and usual pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we found that chronic CO intoxication could be included amongst the environmental agents known to be a causative agent of diabetes mellitus.

Glucose and Electrolytes Concentrations in Blood and Saliva Samples amongst Diabetics

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in which glucose is underutilized, producing hyperglycaemia. The management requires proper maintenance of glucose and electrolytes within its optimum concentrations. The study was designed to evaluate the possibility of using saliva as an alternative non-invasive sample for the determination of electrolytes. A total of 100 samples were utilized consisting of equal number of control (non-diabetics) and diabetic groups. Fasting blood and saliva were collected employing standard methods. The biochemical parameters were analysed using WHO approved methods and procedures. Independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation were the statistical tools used for the data analysis obtained from SPSS package (version 20). The study revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in concentrations of blood and salivary glucose, potassium and calcium when controls were compared to diabetics. Moreover, there was a high level of semblances and patterns between plasma and salivary electrolytes, except for potassium. Therefore, electrolytes and glucose results gotten from the use of saliva could be used to equate to that of blood. Hence, instances of non-accessibility of blood, saliva could be of help.

Evaluation of Serum Testosterone, Cholesterol and Plasma Glucose Concentrations in Hirsute Women in Bayelsa State

Hirsutism is an endocrine disorder where women develop excess growth of terminal hairs in a male pattern. This study evaluated the concentrations of cholesterol, glucose and testosterone in bearded women in the Amassoma metropolis of Bayelsa state. In a view to determining whether hirsutism has an effect/relationship with the biochemical parameters estimated, a total of 50 bearded and 50 non-bearded women were recruited for this study. Based on a cross-sectional study, group A and B were appropriately matched for age and BMI. The concentrations of the biochemical parameters were measured using WHO-approved method. Bearded females had significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) cholesterol concentration (4.41 ± 1.09 mmol/L) when compared with the non-bearded (control) women. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of testosterone and glucose were higher in the bearded female group when compared with the non-bearded. The study established that women with hirsutism have associated hypertestosteronemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia.