Introduction: The DRC had planned 23 mass distribution campaigns distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) for the years 2018-2020, the implementation of which spanned from 2018 to July 2021. This article ...Introduction: The DRC had planned 23 mass distribution campaigns distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) for the years 2018-2020, the implementation of which spanned from 2018 to July 2021. This article reviews the campaign’s planning process, the results, challenges, and lessons learned. Methods: A descriptive method was used to postpone the planning and implementation process according to the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) standards adapted to the COVID-19 context. The changes and adaptations implemented as well as the challenges encountered are described. Results: Between January 2018 to June 2021, 23 LLIN mass distribution campaigns were organized in the DRC with the financial support of The Global Fund to Fight against Tuberculosis, AIDS and Malaria (GFTAM) and Against Malaria Foundation (AMF) allowing the distribution of 55,273,473 LLINs to 19,048,372 households at risk of malaria transmission with an average of 2.9 LLINs per household. The enumerated population (111,081,191) exceeded 7% of the micro plans projected population (102,790,391) while the number of households enumerated (19,311,629) was 3% lower compared to the micro planning projection households (19,862,417). Compared to a reported household coverage of 96% of households achieved over the expected households, the independent monitoring carried out revealed 91% of households served in the intervention areas. The main reasons for not reaching households mentioned by the respondents were absence at the time of distribution (26%) followed by the loss of vouchers (16%). Several communication channels were used among which, community workers were the most frequently mentioned (63.1%), followed by radios (18.5%) and churches (12.4%). Conclusion: Good planning, effective coordination of stakeholders, and revision of the implementing campaigns methods following the COVID-19 were factors in the success of this campaign. An effort to respect the schedules for renewing LLINs in households, coupled with good continuous distribution, is necessary to maintain the gains and hope for an impact in terms of morbidity and mortality reduction of malaria.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Geohelminths are infections due to various species of parasitic worms transmitted by eggs present in human excreta which contaminate the soil where sanitation is poor. The ob...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Geohelminths are infections due to various species of parasitic worms transmitted by eggs present in human excreta which contaminate the soil where sanitation is poor. The objective of this study was to analyse the determinants and knowledge on geo-helminthiasis among inmates and care providers in the Kassapa prison environment in Lubumbashi in the Demographic Republic of Congo. <strong>Methods:</strong> This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was conducted from September 21 to October 15, 2020 in Kassapa prison in Demographic Republic of Congo. Estimates of the prevalence and general characteristics of geo-helminthiasis in prisoners were calculated by descriptive analyses. The analysis of determinants was performed based on a binary logistic regression. <strong>Results:</strong> With regard to the quantitative section, the study used a sample size of 1083 while a sample size of six was considered for the qualitative section. The annual prevalence of geo-helminthiasis was 10.2%, 4.8% and 2.9% respectively for 2017, 2018 and 2019. It was found that the general prevalence of geo-helminthiases was 17.9%. The age group above 39 years constitutes the modal class with 29.4%, the least affected age group being that of minors with 6.3%. The association is statistically significant between sex, treatment, prison residence and year. Thus, taking gender into account, women are by 2.3 (OR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.3%;4.8%], p value < 0.05) more likely to be at risk of suffering from geo-helminthiasis than men, and mebendazole is by 2.1 a better treatment of geo-helminthiasis than albendazole (OR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.1%;4.6%], p-value < 0.05). Transmission routes of geo-helminthiasis are relatively well known among these actors who have often reported eating dirty food, walking barefoot, and drinking dirty water. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This descriptive cross-sectional study rounds off by pointing to poor hygiene, insufficient health education and a low socio-economic level exposing inmates to the risk of contracting geo-helminthiasis, particularly as prisoners in Kassapa live in a difficult situation and are therefore very vulnerable.展开更多
Introduction: Rabies, a neglected disease, could be grossly underreported in the DRC;in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis, the WHO estimates that this disease would cause 327,000 deaths per year in Africa and A...Introduction: Rabies, a neglected disease, could be grossly underreported in the DRC;in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis, the WHO estimates that this disease would cause 327,000 deaths per year in Africa and Asia. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiological profile of this zoonosis in order to encourage decision-makers to develop national strategies for its elimination. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data collection was done retrospectively and in total6 420 victims of bites received during the period between January 2005 and December 2015 at the anti-rabies center in Lubumbashi were included in this work. Excel 13 software and Epi info 3.3.4 were used for data analysis and interpretation. Results: People over the age of 15 are the main victims of canine bites (62.1%), more than half of the victims are male (55.9%);dogs represent the majority of biting animals (96.4%) of which around 3/4 are unvaccinated (71.37%). Two municipalities are more affected: Lubumbashi (prevalence 83.35/100,000 and Kampemba (Prevalence 51.74/100,000). LBite peaks were observed from July to October (p = 0.01). For the 34 people seen with clinical signs of rabies encephalitis (confirmed case of rabies), the case fatality rate was 100%. Conclusion: Rabies is a major problem in Lubumbashi but its extent is different depending on the municipality. The dog is the main biting animal and the vaccination coverage of dogs remains very low. Access to rabies vaccine for bite victims is difficult. Its elimination remains possible through the implementation of an extensive canine vaccination program, the awareness of owners and the large-scale provision of post-exposure prophylaxis.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The DRC had planned 23 mass distribution campaigns distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) for the years 2018-2020, the implementation of which spanned from 2018 to July 2021. This article reviews the campaign’s planning process, the results, challenges, and lessons learned. Methods: A descriptive method was used to postpone the planning and implementation process according to the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) standards adapted to the COVID-19 context. The changes and adaptations implemented as well as the challenges encountered are described. Results: Between January 2018 to June 2021, 23 LLIN mass distribution campaigns were organized in the DRC with the financial support of The Global Fund to Fight against Tuberculosis, AIDS and Malaria (GFTAM) and Against Malaria Foundation (AMF) allowing the distribution of 55,273,473 LLINs to 19,048,372 households at risk of malaria transmission with an average of 2.9 LLINs per household. The enumerated population (111,081,191) exceeded 7% of the micro plans projected population (102,790,391) while the number of households enumerated (19,311,629) was 3% lower compared to the micro planning projection households (19,862,417). Compared to a reported household coverage of 96% of households achieved over the expected households, the independent monitoring carried out revealed 91% of households served in the intervention areas. The main reasons for not reaching households mentioned by the respondents were absence at the time of distribution (26%) followed by the loss of vouchers (16%). Several communication channels were used among which, community workers were the most frequently mentioned (63.1%), followed by radios (18.5%) and churches (12.4%). Conclusion: Good planning, effective coordination of stakeholders, and revision of the implementing campaigns methods following the COVID-19 were factors in the success of this campaign. An effort to respect the schedules for renewing LLINs in households, coupled with good continuous distribution, is necessary to maintain the gains and hope for an impact in terms of morbidity and mortality reduction of malaria.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Geohelminths are infections due to various species of parasitic worms transmitted by eggs present in human excreta which contaminate the soil where sanitation is poor. The objective of this study was to analyse the determinants and knowledge on geo-helminthiasis among inmates and care providers in the Kassapa prison environment in Lubumbashi in the Demographic Republic of Congo. <strong>Methods:</strong> This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was conducted from September 21 to October 15, 2020 in Kassapa prison in Demographic Republic of Congo. Estimates of the prevalence and general characteristics of geo-helminthiasis in prisoners were calculated by descriptive analyses. The analysis of determinants was performed based on a binary logistic regression. <strong>Results:</strong> With regard to the quantitative section, the study used a sample size of 1083 while a sample size of six was considered for the qualitative section. The annual prevalence of geo-helminthiasis was 10.2%, 4.8% and 2.9% respectively for 2017, 2018 and 2019. It was found that the general prevalence of geo-helminthiases was 17.9%. The age group above 39 years constitutes the modal class with 29.4%, the least affected age group being that of minors with 6.3%. The association is statistically significant between sex, treatment, prison residence and year. Thus, taking gender into account, women are by 2.3 (OR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.3%;4.8%], p value < 0.05) more likely to be at risk of suffering from geo-helminthiasis than men, and mebendazole is by 2.1 a better treatment of geo-helminthiasis than albendazole (OR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.1%;4.6%], p-value < 0.05). Transmission routes of geo-helminthiasis are relatively well known among these actors who have often reported eating dirty food, walking barefoot, and drinking dirty water. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This descriptive cross-sectional study rounds off by pointing to poor hygiene, insufficient health education and a low socio-economic level exposing inmates to the risk of contracting geo-helminthiasis, particularly as prisoners in Kassapa live in a difficult situation and are therefore very vulnerable.
文摘Introduction: Rabies, a neglected disease, could be grossly underreported in the DRC;in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis, the WHO estimates that this disease would cause 327,000 deaths per year in Africa and Asia. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiological profile of this zoonosis in order to encourage decision-makers to develop national strategies for its elimination. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data collection was done retrospectively and in total6 420 victims of bites received during the period between January 2005 and December 2015 at the anti-rabies center in Lubumbashi were included in this work. Excel 13 software and Epi info 3.3.4 were used for data analysis and interpretation. Results: People over the age of 15 are the main victims of canine bites (62.1%), more than half of the victims are male (55.9%);dogs represent the majority of biting animals (96.4%) of which around 3/4 are unvaccinated (71.37%). Two municipalities are more affected: Lubumbashi (prevalence 83.35/100,000 and Kampemba (Prevalence 51.74/100,000). LBite peaks were observed from July to October (p = 0.01). For the 34 people seen with clinical signs of rabies encephalitis (confirmed case of rabies), the case fatality rate was 100%. Conclusion: Rabies is a major problem in Lubumbashi but its extent is different depending on the municipality. The dog is the main biting animal and the vaccination coverage of dogs remains very low. Access to rabies vaccine for bite victims is difficult. Its elimination remains possible through the implementation of an extensive canine vaccination program, the awareness of owners and the large-scale provision of post-exposure prophylaxis.
