This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in ...This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in cities. In order to investigate the effects of green area, the green area ratio (GAR) is used and correlated with particulate matter. As a result of analyzing the correlation between GAR and PM concentration using the measured PM data, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the higher the GAR, the lower the PM concentration. It can be said that the introduction of spatial elements with high GAR scores, such as parks and forests in cities, is effective in reducing PM concentration. In this study, a portable PM monitoring system using a vehicle for PM measurement was also established and operated. As a result, it was found that a PM monitoring system using a light-scattering sensor is an effective PM measurement method that can be used at the local government level. It was also found that a follow-up study is needed in the future to identify the PM mitigation functions of urban green areas according to the detailed characteristics of green areas as well as various environmental factors. This study can be used in air quality improvement activities and efforts as reference data by policy decision makers and in the field of environmental planning associated with the removal of airborne particulate matter pollution in urban areas.展开更多
This study is intended to recognize the importance of cold-wind, which is one of the solutions to improve urban amenity, and verify the model that can analyze creation and flow of cold-wind. For this reason, KLAM_21 M...This study is intended to recognize the importance of cold-wind, which is one of the solutions to improve urban amenity, and verify the model that can analyze creation and flow of cold-wind. For this reason, KLAM_21 Model, which was developed by the German’s Meteorological Service, was selected and used for assessment of cold-wind creation and flow. As a result, the followings have been drawn through comparison with measured data and simulated data in the study area;for a mountain area, the simulation result of velocity and direction of wind has been indicated as similar as those in measured data. For a stream area in the city, only wind direction from simulation has been consistent with measured data whereas wind velocity showed a large difference between measurement and simulation. Finally, for the downtown area, wind velocity has shown a lot of differences between simulation result and measured data. Wind direction has also shown a large difference until midnight. But after midnight, model data have become similar as measured data. According to the verification of this study, the model used in this study for using urban-amenity improvement through assessment of creation and flow of cold wind is suitable to analyze the direction of cold wind that is generated in the periphery of the city and the overall flow within the existing urban area. But the results of wind velocity have shown the uppermost limit of the modeling in the simulation. That is, it could not reflect the site characteristics sufficiently. Therefore, if parameters considering the specific regional characteristics are sufficiently reflected, the result of simulations for reliability can be substantially improved.展开更多
文摘This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in cities. In order to investigate the effects of green area, the green area ratio (GAR) is used and correlated with particulate matter. As a result of analyzing the correlation between GAR and PM concentration using the measured PM data, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the higher the GAR, the lower the PM concentration. It can be said that the introduction of spatial elements with high GAR scores, such as parks and forests in cities, is effective in reducing PM concentration. In this study, a portable PM monitoring system using a vehicle for PM measurement was also established and operated. As a result, it was found that a PM monitoring system using a light-scattering sensor is an effective PM measurement method that can be used at the local government level. It was also found that a follow-up study is needed in the future to identify the PM mitigation functions of urban green areas according to the detailed characteristics of green areas as well as various environmental factors. This study can be used in air quality improvement activities and efforts as reference data by policy decision makers and in the field of environmental planning associated with the removal of airborne particulate matter pollution in urban areas.
文摘This study is intended to recognize the importance of cold-wind, which is one of the solutions to improve urban amenity, and verify the model that can analyze creation and flow of cold-wind. For this reason, KLAM_21 Model, which was developed by the German’s Meteorological Service, was selected and used for assessment of cold-wind creation and flow. As a result, the followings have been drawn through comparison with measured data and simulated data in the study area;for a mountain area, the simulation result of velocity and direction of wind has been indicated as similar as those in measured data. For a stream area in the city, only wind direction from simulation has been consistent with measured data whereas wind velocity showed a large difference between measurement and simulation. Finally, for the downtown area, wind velocity has shown a lot of differences between simulation result and measured data. Wind direction has also shown a large difference until midnight. But after midnight, model data have become similar as measured data. According to the verification of this study, the model used in this study for using urban-amenity improvement through assessment of creation and flow of cold wind is suitable to analyze the direction of cold wind that is generated in the periphery of the city and the overall flow within the existing urban area. But the results of wind velocity have shown the uppermost limit of the modeling in the simulation. That is, it could not reflect the site characteristics sufficiently. Therefore, if parameters considering the specific regional characteristics are sufficiently reflected, the result of simulations for reliability can be substantially improved.
