Management of Obstructive Renal Failure in Adults at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital

Background: Obstructive nephropathies are a topical issue in urology and nephrology consultations, but no study has yet been conducted on the subject in our country. Objective: Describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of obstructive nephropathies at the Sylvanus Olympio University hospital of Togo. Method: It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a collection of retrospective data over a period of 08 years (2012-2019) which focused on obstructive nephropathies in the Urology-Andrology, Nephrology and Internal Medicine departments at the medical clinic of CHU SO. The diagnosis of obstructive nephropathy is retained on the basis of radiological and medical imaging results. Results: The study population included 131 patients. The annual hospital frequency was 2.84 cases for 100 admissions. The mean age was 56.72 ± 17.76 years. These patients were mostly male (72.52%). The most frequent age group was 60 - 80 years. Common symptoms at presentation were loin pain (45.75%) and dysuria (25.95%). The average length of probable course of the disease before hospitalization was 636.94 ± 258.88 days (21 months). The etiologies of obstructive nephropathy were largely dominated by prostatic tumors in half of the cases (45.80%). Among these patients, 121 have presented renal failure (92.36%). The average serum creatinine at admission was 59.01 ± 21.56 mg/l. Of the 121 patients with obstructive nephropathy presenting renal failure, 54 (44.63%) had decreased their serum creatinine at the output of more than 25%. The open surgery (54.20%) was the main treatment. There was an improvement in kidney function in patients who had a shorter duration of disease progression and who did not have a history of loin pain, oliguria and that the etiologies of the disease were not tumors. Tumoral etiologies, the presence of a history of high blood pressure, oedema of the lower members, oliguria, and a longer duration of disease progression and sex were factors associated with the occurrence of end-stage renal disease. Conclusion: Renal failure is the main complication of obstructive nephropathy in Togo, hence the importance of an early diagnosis for better care.

Erectile Dysfunction in Hemodialysis in Togo

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men on hemodialysis in Togo. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study, descriptive and analytical ranging from December 2015 to February 2016 in the hemodialysis unit of CHU SO, only dialysis center in the country. The evaluation of the ED was made through IIEF-5 questionnaire. Results: 39 men (67.2%) of 58 hemodialysis is a sex ratio M/F of 2.05. The average age was 43.5 years with extremes of 25 and 59 years. The majority of men had a profession in 19 cases (48.7%). The mean duration of dialysis was 30 months with a range of 4 months and 90 months. Initial glomerular nephropathy was in 19 cases (48.7%) and vascular in 14 cases (35.9%). 38 patients were hypertensive (97.4%) and 6 diabetic men (15.4%). The prevalence of ED was 74.3% (29 cases). ED score was less than 10 points in 14 cases (35.9%);01 case (2.6%) between 11 and 16 points;06 cases (15.4%) between 17 to 21 points;08 cases (20.5%) between 22 and 25 points;and 10 cases (25.6%) between 26 and 30 points. Age, profession and duration of dialysis were risk factors associated with ED (P 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of ED is very high in Togo.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis in a Black African Woman Managed with Antibiotics Alone

Introduction: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe, life-threatening infection of the renal parenchyma. This condition is characterized by the production of intrarenal and perinephric gas. In the world, the EPN is currently limited to case series reported. No cases have been described in black Africa. Aims: Related a first case of EPN diagnosed and treated in the University Hospital Center Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé in Togo. Observation: A 40 years old woman, with antecedent of diabetes presented pyelonephritis emphysematous class 2. She was treated successfully with antibiotic alone without using percutaneous drainage or nephrectomy. Conclusion: As reported in every case series, it was a young diabetic patient with a clinical features of acute pyelonephritis which CT scan had helped lay the EPN class 2 diagnosed. The germ was Klebsiella pneumoniae. She was treated with adapted antibiotic alone.