Loss of LBP triggers lipid metabolic disorder through H3K27 acetylation-mediated C/EBPβ-SCD activation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with mutations in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP),but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain understudied.Herein,LBP^(-/-)rats with NAFLD were established and used to conduct integrative targetingactive enhancer histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation(H3K27ac)chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput and transcriptomic sequencing analysis to explore the potential epigenetic pathomechanisms of active enhancers of NAFLD exacerbation upon LBP deficiency.Notably,LBP^(-/-)reduced the inflammatory response but markedly aggravated high-fat diet(HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats,with pronounced alterations in the histone acetylome and regulatory transcriptome.In total,1128 differential enhancer-target genes significantly enriched in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism were identified between wild-type(WT)and LBP^(-/-)NAFLD rats.Based on integrative analysis,CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ(C/EBPβ)was identified as a pivotal transcription factor(TF)and contributor to dysregulated histone acetylome H3K27ac,and the lipid metabolism gene SCD was identified as a downstream effector exacerbating NAFLD.This study not only broadens our understanding of the essential role of LBP in the pathogenesis of NAFLD from an epigenetics perspective but also identifies key TF C/EBPβand functional gene SCD as potential regulators and therapeutic targets.

Heat stroke alters hippocampal and cerebellar transmitter metabonomics

BACKGROUND:The mechanisms underlying heat stroke(HS)-induced hippocampal injury remain unclear.This study aimed to evaluate the HS-induced metabonomics of hippocampal and cerebellar transmitters.METHODS:The HS model was established with male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to heat exposure of up to 42℃ at a humidity of(55.0±5.0)%.The hippocampal and cerebellar transmitters and metabolites of rats were tested via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The primary transmitters and metabolites were identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).The major metabolic pathways for HS were selected after enrichment.The brain injury was evaluated by histological tests.RESULTS:HS induced hippocampal and cerebellar injuries in rats.HS upregulated the protein levels of hippocampal glutamate,glutamine,gamma-aminobutyric acid,L-tryptophan(Trp),5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid,and kynurenine;however,it downregulated asparagine,tryptamine,5-hydroxytryptophan,melatonin,3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-DOPA),and vanillylmandelic acid.HS also sharply elevated the protein levels of cerebellar methionine and Trp,and decreased the levels of serotonin,L-alanine,L-asparagine,L-aspartate,cysteine,norepinephrine,spermine,spermidine,and tyrosine.Hippocampal glutamate,monoamine transmitters,cerebellar aspartate acid,and catecholamine transmitters’metabolic pathways were identified as the main metablic pathways in HS.CONCLUSION:The hippocampus and cerebellum were injured in rats with HS,possibly induced the disorder of hippocampal glutamate and serotonin metabolism,cerebellar aspartate acid and catecholamine transmitter metabolism,and related metabolic pathways.

秋荷一滴露——从叶片接触角测量到表面结构模拟的科普探究实验

选取常见的多种绿色植物作为实验对象,利用手机和显微放大镜获取接触角图像,并采用原创Python程序计算接触角来实施科普实验。并根据不同叶片的接触角现象及其表面结构特点,进一步利用玻璃片、Zn片等材料,通过简单方式模拟叶片微观结构,得到不同润湿性能的仿生表面材料。从叶片接触角现象到表面微观结构的探索模拟,本实验站在界面化学的角度揭示结构与功能的关系,践行化学源于生活的理念。

Progress of Brain Network Studies on Anesthesia and Consciousness: Framework and Clinical Applications

Although the relationship between anesthesia and consciousness has been investigated for decades, our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of anesthesia and consciousness remains rudimentary, which limits the development of systems for anesthesia monitoring and consciousness evaluation. Moreover, the current practices for anesthesia monitoring are mainly based on methods that do not provide adequate information and may present obstacles to the precise application of anesthesia. Most recently, there has been a growing trend to utilize brain network analysis to reveal the mechanisms of anesthesia, with the aim of providing novel insights to promote practical application. This review summarizes recent research on brain network studies of anesthesia, and compares the underlying neural mechanisms of consciousness and anesthesia along with the neural signs and measures of the distinct aspects of neural activity. Using the theory of cortical fragmentation as a starting point, we introduce important methods and research involving connectivity and network analysis. We demonstrate that whole-brain multimodal network data can provide important supplementary clinical information. More importantly, this review posits that brain network methods, if simplified, will likely play an important role in improving the current clinical anesthesia monitoring systems.

愤怒博弈者的更新逻辑（英文）

愤怒的博弈者是具有攻击性的,为了减少对手的效用,他们甚至愿意牺牲自己的利益。本文为刻画该行为模式构建了一个包含更新算子的模态逻辑。与传统的针对偏好的更新不同,我们的逻辑中因应愤怒更新的是博弈者的可选行为,即在更新之后的模型中,愤怒的博弈者只能选择使对手获益最少的策略。我们为这套逻辑构建了一个公理系统,证明了其可靠性以及弱完全性,并将其应用在最后通牒博弈中。

Preliminary study of a new pathological evolution-based clinical hepatolithiasis classification

AIM:To investigate clinical features,treatment strategies and outcomes of patients with hepatolithiasis(HL)undergoing surgical treatment,using a new clinicalclassification.METHODS:Sixty-eight HL patients were hospitalized and treated surgically from August 2011 to December2012 and they were classified into four HL types according to pathological evolution of the disease.These four HL types included typeⅠprimary type(defined as no previous biliary tract surgery),typeⅡinflammatory type(with previous biliary tract surgery and cholangitis),typeⅢmass-forming type(HL complicated by hepatic mass-forming lesion),and typeⅣterminal type(with secondary biliary cirrhosis and resultant portal hypertension).The perioperative data including general information,imaging data,postoperative complications,and immediate and final stone clearance rate were obtained and analyzed.RESULTS:In all 68 patients,the proportion of HL typeⅠ-Ⅳwas 50%(34/68),36.8%(25/68),10.3%(7/68)and 2.8%(2/68),respectively.Abdominal pain was the main clinical manifestation in typeⅠ(88.2%),fever was predominant in typeⅡ(52.0%),the malignancy rate in typeⅢwas high(71.4%),and portal hypertension and spleen enlargement were common in typeⅣ(2/2,100.0%).Liver resection rate for typesⅠ-Ⅲwas 79.4%,72.0%and 71.4%,respectively.The overall incidence of postoperative complications was23.5%(16/68).There were no perioperative deaths.The average length of hospital stay was 12.7±7.3 d.Immediate and final stone clearance rate was 73.5%(50/68)and 89.7%(61/68),respectively.Fifty-nine of68 patients(86.8%)were followed-up for>1 year after surgery,and 96.6%of these patients(57/59)had a good quality of life according to a criterion recommended for postoperative evaluation of quality of life.CONCLUSION:The pathological evolution-based clinical classification of HL has a role in optimizingtreatment strategy,and patients can benefit from thisclassification when it is used properly.

降雨强度、降雨历时对高速公路边坡稳定性的影响

为探究不同强度降雨在不同降雨历时下对边坡稳定性的影响,采用数值模拟软件Geo-studio的Seep/W和Slope/W模块,进行了边坡在四种不同降雨强度下的二维渗流与稳定性分析。将Seep/W计算所得孔隙水压力与体积含水率分布导入Slope/W,从而计算出边坡的稳定安全系数。数值计算结果显示:降雨历时、降雨强度对坡体稳定性均有不同程度的影响,在此基础上有针对性地提出了增设平台排水沟、植草灌等防排水及防冲刷措施。

Infratentorial Tuberculoma Mimics Tumor in Immunocompetent Adults: An Analysis of 11 Patients

Backgrounds: Tuberculoma is a granulomatous inflammatory process mimicking a neoplasm, both clinically and radiologically. Although those with an infratentorial origin are rare, this disease is still a diagnostic challenge using conventional workup. However, this disease should not be overlooked because it is essentially curable with proper diagnosis and therapy, usually, a Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) DNA test is performed. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical presentations, CSF results, and images of 11 MTB DNA positive and clinically cured cases of infratentorial tuberculoma. Results: Infratentorial tuberculoma usually deteriorated before antituberculosis treatment (ATT). Magnetic resonance imaging showed space-occupying lesions without specific features, 4 within the cerebellum and 7 within the brainstem. Evidence of systemic tuberculosis was found in only 1 case. Clinical manifestations included various combinations of focal signs and symptoms in the brain stem and cerebellum. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings were also nonspecific. The diagnoses of these cases were based on the positive tests of a nested polymerase chain reaction (N-PCR) assay. Trial therapy with antituberculous drugs resulted in clinical improvement, as documented by MRI in all patients. Conclusions: Infratentorial tuberculoma should be suspected in patients with infratentorial space-occupying lesions who live in geographic areas where tuberculosis is endemic.

Influence of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on adrenal cortex, stress factors and immunologic function in patients with lung cancer

Objective: To observe the influence of general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia on adrenal cortex, stress factors and immunologic function in patients with lung cancer. Methods:A total of 60 patients with lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups: observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Observation group: general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia;control group: patients were treated only by general anesthesia. Recording and comparing the levels of Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS and immunologic function before and after treatment. Results: (1) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS levels between the two groups. After treatment, the serum Ang-Ⅱ, Cor, AD, MDA, GC, ALDO, 17-OH, 17-KS levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the same group before treatment, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups. (2) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+between the two groups. After treatment, the CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the same group before treatment, the CD8+ of the two groups were significantly higher, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion:General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia for patients with lung cancer can perfect the levels of serum adrenal cortical hormone, stress factors and be beneficial to protect their immunologic function.

On the Farmers' Role Differentiation and the Effective Implementation of Rural Vitalization Strategy——A Perspective from the Targets,Process and Evaluation of Policy Implementation

During the historical period of securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and striving for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, the 19 th National Congress of the CPC put forward the signi cant deployment of rural vitalization strategy, drawing a great blueprint for the prospect of China's "three issues" of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers and acting as an important focus of these "three issues" in the future. This paper discussed the relationships between farmers' role di erentiation and ve objectives of the rural vitalization strategy on the basis of farmers' role di erentiation and conversion in the process of agriculture and countryside modernization and the interpretation of farmers' role di erentiation and the rural vitalization strategy. Based on the logical relationships between farmers' role di erentiation and the rural vitalization strategy, we discuss the e ective implementation of the rural vitalization strategy in terms of its targets, processes and e ectiveness evaluations. We also propose that the implementation of the rural vitalization strategy can only be implemented when farmers are given the rst priority as strategy subjects, farmers' wills are respected in the implementation process, and farmers' satisfaction is highlighted in the strategy implementation e ectiveness evaluations.

基于PLAXIS软件的某河道仿木桩加固堤岸设计及探究

文章结合某河道治理项目,采用仿木对现状有失稳隐患的堤岸进行加固,通过PLAXIS软件对仿木桩加固堤岸进行边坡整体稳定分析及仿木桩结构内力和变形分析,初探了仿木桩位置、桩长对堤岸稳定及仿木桩结构的影响,并对仿木桩堤岸加固方案进行优化,为类似仿木桩堤岸工程设计提供参考。

Impacts of gravitational-wave background from supermassive black hole binaries on the detection of compact binaries by LISA

In the frequency band of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna(LISA),extensive research has been conducted on the impact of foreground confusion noise generated by galactic binaries within the Milky Way Galaxy.Additionally,recent evidence of a stochastic signal,announced by the NANOGrav,EPTA,PPTA,CPTA,and InPTA,indicates that the stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB)generated by supermassive black hole binaries(SMBHBs)can contribute strong background noise within the LISA band.Given the presence of such strong noise,it is expected to have significant impacts on LISA's scientific missions.In this study,we investigate the impacts of the SGWB generated by SMBHBs on the detection of individual massive black hole binaries,verified galactic binaries,and extreme mass ratio inspirals in the context of LISA.We find it essential to resolve and eliminate the excess noise from the SGWB to guarantee the success of LISA's missions.

On-chip terahertz orbital angular momentum demultiplexer

The terahertz regime is widely recognized as a fundamental domain with significant potential to address the demands of next-generation wireless communications.In parallel,mode division multiplexing based on orbital angular momentum(OAM)shows promise in enhancing bandwidth utilization,thereby expanding the overall communication channel capacity.In this study,we present both theoretical and experimental demonstrations of an on-chip terahertz OAM demultiplexer.This device effectively couples and steers seven incident terahertz vortex beams into distinct high-quality focusing surface plasmonic beams,and the focusing directions can be arbitrarily designated.The proposed design strategy integrates space-to-chip mode conversion,OAM recognition,and on-chip routing in a compact space with subwavelength thickness,exhibiting versatility and superior performance.

Long-and short-term outcomes for resectable gallbladder carcinoma patients treated with curative-intent laparoscopic versus open resection:a multicenter propensity score-matched comparative study

Background:Gallbladder cancer(GBC)was once considered a contraindication for laparoscopic surgery,but it is becoming more common to use laparoscopic surgery for GBC treatment.The aim of this study was to analyze the long-and short-term outcomes of patients with more advanced T-staged GBC treated with curative intent as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)after laparoscopic resection(LR)versus open resection(OR).Methods:A multicenter database was used to select consecutive GBC patients treated with curative-intent resection as defined by the NCCN between 2016 and 2020.The patients were divided into the LR group and the OR group.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to eliminate selection bias.The endpoints were overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),and short-term outcomes.Risk factors that were independently associated with OS and PFS were identified.Results:Of 626 GBC patients treated with curative-intent resection,after PSM,51 patients were in the LR group and 153 patients were in the OR group.The LR group had more patients who were suitable to receive adjuvant chemotherapy(AC),a longer operation time,more harvested lymph nodes,and a lower overall morbidity rate.The rates of OS and PFS were not significantly different between the two groups.AC was independently associated with better OS and PFS.Conclusions:The overall morbidity of GBC patients after LR was lower,but the long-term outcomes between LR and OR were not significantly different.The GBC patients treated with LR were more likely to receive AC,and the use of AC after curative-intent resection of GBC helped achieve better long-term survival outcomes.

Generating superposed terahertz perfect vortices via a spin-multiplexed all-dielectric metasurface

Perfect optical vortices(POVs),characterized as a ring radius independent of topological charge(TC),possess extensive application in particle manipulation and optical communication.At present,the complex and bulky optical device for generating POVs has been miniaturized by leveraging the metasurface,and either spindependent or spin-independent POV conversions have been further accomplished.Nevertheless,it is still challenging to generate superposed POVs for incidences with orthogonal circular polarization.Here,a spinmultiplexed all-dielectric metasurface method for generating superposed POVs in the terahertz frequency range is proposed and demonstrated.By using the multiple meta-atom comprised structure as the basic unit,the complex amplitude of two superposed POVs is modulated,decoupled,and subsequently encoded to left-and righthanded circular polarization incidences.Furthermore,two kinds of metasurfaces are fabricated and characterized to validate this controlling method.It is demonstrated that the measured intensity and phase distributions match well with the calculation of the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction integral,and the radius of superposed POVs is independent of TCs.This work provides promising opportunities for developing ultracompact terahertz functional devices applied to complex structured light generation and terahertz communication,and exploring sophisticated spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum interactions like the photonic spin-Hall effect.

全球城市热辐射方向性制图揭示了城市气候遥感的潜在偏差

城市热辐射方向性限制了遥感地表温度反演精度,阻碍了对全球城市气候(如城市地表能量通量估算和城市热环境评估)的准确理解.然而,全球不同气候背景城市热辐射方向性时空特征及其造成的城市地表能量通量和热岛强度遥感估算偏差仍不清楚,在全球尺度是否存在与城市热辐射方向性密切相关且易获取的地表和气候参量尚不明晰.本研究结合多角度卫星观测地表温度和遥感云平台,分析了全球5500多个城市的热辐射方向性特征,量化了其造成的全球城市地表能量通量和热岛强度遥感估算偏差,厘清了全球尺度城市热辐射方向性与关键地表和气候参量的关系.研究发现全球城市平均热辐射方向性强度在夏季白天下午高达5.4 K.在极端情况下,当地表温度观测天顶角位于±60°时,热辐射方向性使得全球城市地表显热通量和热岛强度分别低估45.4%和43.0%.研究进一步发现全球城市热辐射方向性与地表不透水面百分比和空气温度具有良好的统计关系,这为卫星遥感城市地表温度角度纠正提供了新思路.

Recent Application and Progress of Metal Halide Perovskite Photodetector on Flexible Substrates

In recent years,flexible photodetectors(FPDs)have received increasing attention due to their applications in electronic eyes,flexible sensing,terminal devices,and wearable devices.In addition,metallic halide perovskite materials are considered as future materials for FPDs due to their compatibility with flexible substrates,low cost,simple synthesis methods,and superior optoelectronic properties.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant cutting-edge research in the field of flexible perovskite photodetectors(FPPDs)from 2020 to 2022.First,the evaluation criteria for FPPDs are discussed and the development of perovskite stability criteria is emphatically described.Afterwards,the synthesis methods and device construction processes of metal halide perovskite materials commonly used by researchers in the past three years are described.These include single crystals and low-dimensional materials.Moreover,we have elaborated on the research of self-powered FPPD and its contributions in wearability,terminals,and portability.Finally,a summary of developments and possibilities in the field of FPPDs from 2020 to 2022 is provided.

Genome assembly of the Brassicaceae diploid Orychophragmus violaceus reveals complex whole-genome duplication and evolution of dihydroxy fatty acid metabolism

Orychophragmus violaceus is a Brassicaceae species widely cultivated in China,particularly as a winter cover crop in northern China because of its low-temperature tolerance and low water demand.Recently,O.violaceus has also been cultivated as a potential industrial oilseed crop because of its abundant 24-carbon dihydroxy fatty acids(diOH-FAs),which contribute to superior high-temperature lubricant properties.In this study,we performed de novo assembly of the O.violaceus genome.Whole-genome synteny analysis of the genomes of its relatives demonstrated that O.violaceus is a diploid that has undergone an extrawhole-genome duplication(WGD)after the Brassicaceae-specific a-WGD event,with a basic chromosome number of x=12.Formation of diOH-FAs is hypothesized to have occurred after the WGD event.Based on the genome and the transcriptome data from multiple stages of seed development,we predicted that OvDGAT1-1 and OvDGAT1-2 are candidate genes for the regulation of diOH-FA storage in O.violaceus seeds.These results may greatly facilitate the development of heat-tolerant and eco-friendly plant-based lubricants using O.violaceus seed oil and improve our understanding of the genomic evolution of Brassicaceae.

Polymeric Nanotherapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease:Summary and Outlook

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),one of the most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorders,is characterized by neurological dysfunction and is closely linked to learning and memory impairment.Despite tremendous effort being involved,several anti-AD drugs come into clinical trials difficult to succeed due to the complex AD pathogenesis and the blood-brain barrier(BBB).

Revision and addendum to the manuscript titled“Propensity score matching study of 325 patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma”

We gratefully receive the comment entitled“Is transarterial embolization plus two-stage hepatectomy the optimal strategy for the treatment of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma?”(1).We apologize for the two typing errors in the paper:mortality rate of rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma(RHCC)patients was“0.8%”in the abstract should be changed as“0.9%”;“TNM stage”in the discussion should be replaced by“tumor diameter”.Thanks for the careful reading.