我国传染性法氏囊病病毒新型变异株分析研究

近期非典型传染性法氏囊病(IBD)给养禽业带来了新的威胁,本研究团队率先鉴定发现其病原为IBDV新型变异株。为了解该IBDV新型变异株流行规律和致病特点,本研究对2018年9月~2019年6月分离自黑龙江、辽宁、河北、山东、江苏、浙江、云南7个省的32个IBDV代表株的VP2基因高变区进行了遗传演化分析,结果显示,IBDV新型变异株虽然属于变异株分支,但却不同于美国早期变异株,其形成了一个独立的亚群。动物回归试验结果显示,IBDV新型变异株不致死鸡,但造成其中枢免疫器官法氏囊严重萎缩,B淋巴细胞崩解坏死,复制出了非典型IBD的症状。本研究测定了IBDV新型变异株的最低致病剂量,并依据病毒自身特殊性状,首次提出用法氏囊半数萎缩量(BAD50)作为IBDV新型变异株的病毒效价单位。本研究为IBDV新型变异株的流行规律监测和综合防控提供了数据支撑。

An improved scheme for infectious bursal disease virus genotype classification based on both genome-segments A and B

Infectious bursal disease(IBD)is caused by infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV),which has a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded linear RNA.IBDVs have been traditionally divided into four phenotypes based on their pathogenicity and antigenicity,including classic,variant,very virulent,and attenuated IBDV.With the emergences of divergent molecular characteristics of novel strains produced by continuous mutations and recombination,it is increasingly difficult to define new IBDV strains using the traditional descriptive classification method.The most common classification scheme for IBDV with segmented genome is based solely on segment A,while the significance of segment B has been largely neglected.In this study,an improved scheme for IBDV genotype classification based on the molecular characteristics of both VP2(a viral capsid protein encoded by segment A)and VP1(an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase protein encoded by segment B)was proposed for the first time.In this scheme,IBDV was classified into nine genogroups of A and five genogroups of B,respectively;the genogroup A2 was further divided into four lineages.The commonly used phenotypic classifications of classic,variant,very virulent,and attenuated IBDVs correspond to the A1 B1,A2 B1,A3 B2,and A8 B1 genotypes of the proposed classification scheme.The novel variant IBDVs including the strains identified in this study were classified as belonging to genotype A2 d B1.The flexibility and versatility of this improved classification scheme will allow the unambiguous identification of existing and emerging IBDV strains,which will greatly facilitate molecular epidemiology studies of IBDV.

The circulation of unique reassortment strains of infectious bursal disease virus in Pakistan

Infectious bursal disease(IBD),caused by IBD virus(IBDV),is one of the most devastating and immunosuppressive diseases of the poultry and has been a constraint on the sustainable poultry production around the globe including Pakistan.While the disease is threatening the poulty industry,the nature of predominant strains of IBDV in Pakistan remained l-defined.In this study,an epidemiology survey was conducted in the main chicken-farming regions of Pakistan.The batch of Pakistan IBDVs genes simultaneously covering both VP1 and VP2 were amplified,sequenced,and analyzed.The unique segment-reassortant IBDVs(vv-A/Uniq-B),carrying segmentA from vvIBDV and segment B from one unique ancestor,were identifed as one important type of circulating strains in Pakistan.The data also discovered the characteristic molecular features of Pakistan IBDVs,which will contribute to scientific vaccine selection and effective prevention of the disease.