We aimed to develop a set of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) markers that can be used to distinguish the main cultivated grape(Vitis L.) cultivars in China and provide technical support for domestic grape cultivar...We aimed to develop a set of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) markers that can be used to distinguish the main cultivated grape(Vitis L.) cultivars in China and provide technical support for domestic grape cultivar protection, cultivar registration, and market rights protection. A total of 517 high-quality loci were screened from 4 241 729 SNPs obtained by sequencing 304 grape accessions using specific locus amplified fragment sequencing, of which 442 were successfully designed as Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP) markers. A set of 27 markers that completely distinguishes 304 sequenced grape accessions was determined by using the program, and 26 effective markers were screened based on 23 representative grape cultivars. Finally, a total of 46 out of 48 KASP markers, including 22 markers selected by the research group in the early stage, were re-screened based on 348 grape accessions. Population structure, principal component, and cluster analyses all showed that the 348 grape accessions were best divided into two populations. In addition, cluster analysis subdivided them into six subpopulations. According to genetic distance, V. labrusca, V. davidii, V. heyneana, and V. amurensis were far from V. vinifera, while V. vinifera×V. labrusca and V. amurensis×V. vinifera were somewhere in between these two groups. Furthermore, a core set of 25 KASP markers could distinguish 95.69% of the 348 grape accessions, and the other 21 markers were used as extended markers. Therefore, SNP molecular markers based on KASP typing technology provide a new way for mapping DNA fingerprints in grape cultivars. With high efficiency and accuracy and low cost, this technology is more competitive than other current identification methods. It also has excellent application prospects in the grape distinctness, uniformity, and stability(DUS) test, as well as in promoting market rights protection in the near future.展开更多
Peach fruit easily soften and have a short storage time at normal temperature. In this study, peach fruit （Prunus persica sieb et Zucc cv. Yingqing） were picked and stored at 25 and 4℃ to investigate the senescence...Peach fruit easily soften and have a short storage time at normal temperature. In this study, peach fruit （Prunus persica sieb et Zucc cv. Yingqing） were picked and stored at 25 and 4℃ to investigate the senescence in correlation with Ca^2＋- ATPase activity of microsomal membrane and lipid peroxidation during ripening and senescence. In comparison with that stored at 25~C, the fruit stored at 4℃ exhibited a higher flesh firmness, lower respiration rate, and generated the late bigger peak value of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity as well as maintained the higher activity of the enzyme. Meanwhile, the lower levels of super oxygen radical （O2^-.） production and content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, a product of membrane lipid peroxidation were observed. Sodium orthovanadate （SO） and erythrosin B （EB）, as Ca^2＋-ATPase inhibitors, could stimulate the respiration rate. The results suggested that the slower senescence rate of peach fruit was closely related to the higher peak value and longer duration of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity in microsomal membrane, with the slighter membrane lipid peroxidation and lower O2^-. production rate.展开更多
基金provided by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD1001401)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-29-yc-1)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ZFRI)。
文摘We aimed to develop a set of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) markers that can be used to distinguish the main cultivated grape(Vitis L.) cultivars in China and provide technical support for domestic grape cultivar protection, cultivar registration, and market rights protection. A total of 517 high-quality loci were screened from 4 241 729 SNPs obtained by sequencing 304 grape accessions using specific locus amplified fragment sequencing, of which 442 were successfully designed as Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP) markers. A set of 27 markers that completely distinguishes 304 sequenced grape accessions was determined by using the program, and 26 effective markers were screened based on 23 representative grape cultivars. Finally, a total of 46 out of 48 KASP markers, including 22 markers selected by the research group in the early stage, were re-screened based on 348 grape accessions. Population structure, principal component, and cluster analyses all showed that the 348 grape accessions were best divided into two populations. In addition, cluster analysis subdivided them into six subpopulations. According to genetic distance, V. labrusca, V. davidii, V. heyneana, and V. amurensis were far from V. vinifera, while V. vinifera×V. labrusca and V. amurensis×V. vinifera were somewhere in between these two groups. Furthermore, a core set of 25 KASP markers could distinguish 95.69% of the 348 grape accessions, and the other 21 markers were used as extended markers. Therefore, SNP molecular markers based on KASP typing technology provide a new way for mapping DNA fingerprints in grape cultivars. With high efficiency and accuracy and low cost, this technology is more competitive than other current identification methods. It also has excellent application prospects in the grape distinctness, uniformity, and stability(DUS) test, as well as in promoting market rights protection in the near future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30270933）Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China （303600）.
文摘Peach fruit easily soften and have a short storage time at normal temperature. In this study, peach fruit （Prunus persica sieb et Zucc cv. Yingqing） were picked and stored at 25 and 4℃ to investigate the senescence in correlation with Ca^2＋- ATPase activity of microsomal membrane and lipid peroxidation during ripening and senescence. In comparison with that stored at 25~C, the fruit stored at 4℃ exhibited a higher flesh firmness, lower respiration rate, and generated the late bigger peak value of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity as well as maintained the higher activity of the enzyme. Meanwhile, the lower levels of super oxygen radical （O2^-.） production and content of malondialdehyde （MDA）, a product of membrane lipid peroxidation were observed. Sodium orthovanadate （SO） and erythrosin B （EB）, as Ca^2＋-ATPase inhibitors, could stimulate the respiration rate. The results suggested that the slower senescence rate of peach fruit was closely related to the higher peak value and longer duration of Ca^2＋-ATPase activity in microsomal membrane, with the slighter membrane lipid peroxidation and lower O2^-. production rate.
