Background:Under abiotic stress conditions,cotton growth is inhibited and yield losses are severe.Identification of calnexin family members and function analysis under abiotic stress laid the foundation for the screen...Background:Under abiotic stress conditions,cotton growth is inhibited and yield losses are severe.Identification of calnexin family members and function analysis under abiotic stress laid the foundation for the screening of stressrelated candidate genes.Results:A total of 60 CNX family members have been identified in Gossypium hirsutum,G.barbadense,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii,and they were divided into two categories:CNX and CRT genes.Through the construction of a phylogenetic tree,they were subdivided into three classes.Further analysis of chromosome localization,conserved promoters,gene structure and selection under pressure showed that the family members were highly conserved in the evolution process.Analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter regions showed that CNX family genes contain regulatory elements for growth and development,anaerobic,drought,defense and stress response,and plant hormones.Using RNA-seq data to study the expression pattern of GhCNX genes under cold,hot,salt stress and Polyethylene glycol,it was observed that the gene expression levels changed by different degrees under different stress conditions,indicating that GhCNX members were involved in the regulation of multiple biological stresses.Conclusion:This study provides an insight into the members of cotton CNX genes.The results of this study suggested that CNX family members play a role in defense against adversity and provide a foundation for the discovery of stress-related genes.展开更多
Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previou...Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previous studies concluded that s a polymorphic SNP associated with NAT12 was significant di erent between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials of upland cotton. In current study, a comprehensive analysis of NAT family genes was conducted for the first time in cotton.Results: In this study, we discovered 32, 32, 18, and 16 NAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. raimondii and G. arboreum, respectively, which were classified into four groups(groups I–IV) based on the multiple sequence analysis. These GhNAT genes were unevenly distributed on At and Dt sub-genome in G. hirsutum. Most GhNAT members in the same group had similar gene structure characteristics and motif composition. The collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplication as well as tandem duplication contributing to the expansion of the GhNATs. The analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements of GhNATs showed that the function of GhNAT genes in cotton might be related to plant hormone and stress response. Under di erent conditions, the expression levels further suggested the GhNAT family genes were associated with plant response to various abiotic stresses. GhNAT12 was detected in the plasma membrane. And it was validated that the GhNAT12 gene played an important role in regulating cotton resistance to salt and drought stress through the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) analysis.Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of NAT gene family was performed in cotton, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, collinearity analysis, motifs, gene structure and so on. Our results will further broaden the insight into the evolution and potential functions of NAT genes in cotton. Current findings could make significant contribution towards screening more candidate genes related to biotic and abiotic resistance for the improvement in cotton.展开更多
ZAT(Zinc Finger of Arabidopsis thaliana)proteins are composed of a plant-specific transcription factor family,which play an important role in plant growth,development,and stress resista nee.To study the potential func...ZAT(Zinc Finger of Arabidopsis thaliana)proteins are composed of a plant-specific transcription factor family,which play an important role in plant growth,development,and stress resista nee.To study the potential function of ZAT family in cotton,the whole genome identification,expression,and structure analysis of ZAT gene family were carried out.In this study,our analysis revealed the presenee of 115Z 56,59,and 115 ZAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum,G raimondii,G.arboreum and G barbadense,respectively.According to the number of domains and phylogenetic characteristics,we divided ZAT genes of four Gossypium species into 4 different clades,and further divided them into 11 subfamilies.The results of collinearity an alysis showed that segmental duplicati on was the main method to amplify the cotton ZAT genes family.Analysis of c/s-elements of promoters indicated that most GhZAT genes contained c/5-elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress.According to heatmap analysis,the expression patterns of GhZAT genes under different stresses indicated that GhZAT genes were significantly involved in the response to cold,heat,salt,and PEG stress,possibly through different mechanisms.Among the highly expressed genes,we cloned a G hirsutum gene GhZAT67.Through virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS),we found that its expression level decreased significantly after being sileneed.Under alkaline treatment,the wilting degree of silenced plants was even greater than the wild type,which proved that GhZAT67 gene was involved in the response to alkaline stress.展开更多
基金supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and Supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA.
文摘Background:Under abiotic stress conditions,cotton growth is inhibited and yield losses are severe.Identification of calnexin family members and function analysis under abiotic stress laid the foundation for the screening of stressrelated candidate genes.Results:A total of 60 CNX family members have been identified in Gossypium hirsutum,G.barbadense,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii,and they were divided into two categories:CNX and CRT genes.Through the construction of a phylogenetic tree,they were subdivided into three classes.Further analysis of chromosome localization,conserved promoters,gene structure and selection under pressure showed that the family members were highly conserved in the evolution process.Analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter regions showed that CNX family genes contain regulatory elements for growth and development,anaerobic,drought,defense and stress response,and plant hormones.Using RNA-seq data to study the expression pattern of GhCNX genes under cold,hot,salt stress and Polyethylene glycol,it was observed that the gene expression levels changed by different degrees under different stress conditions,indicating that GhCNX members were involved in the regulation of multiple biological stresses.Conclusion:This study provides an insight into the members of cotton CNX genes.The results of this study suggested that CNX family members play a role in defense against adversity and provide a foundation for the discovery of stress-related genes.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MOARAAgricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science
文摘Background: Nucleobase-ascorbate transporters(NAT), synonymously called nucleobase-cation symporter 2(NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previous studies concluded that s a polymorphic SNP associated with NAT12 was significant di erent between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials of upland cotton. In current study, a comprehensive analysis of NAT family genes was conducted for the first time in cotton.Results: In this study, we discovered 32, 32, 18, and 16 NAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. raimondii and G. arboreum, respectively, which were classified into four groups(groups I–IV) based on the multiple sequence analysis. These GhNAT genes were unevenly distributed on At and Dt sub-genome in G. hirsutum. Most GhNAT members in the same group had similar gene structure characteristics and motif composition. The collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplication as well as tandem duplication contributing to the expansion of the GhNATs. The analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements of GhNATs showed that the function of GhNAT genes in cotton might be related to plant hormone and stress response. Under di erent conditions, the expression levels further suggested the GhNAT family genes were associated with plant response to various abiotic stresses. GhNAT12 was detected in the plasma membrane. And it was validated that the GhNAT12 gene played an important role in regulating cotton resistance to salt and drought stress through the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) analysis.Conclusions: A comprehensive analysis of NAT gene family was performed in cotton, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, collinearity analysis, motifs, gene structure and so on. Our results will further broaden the insight into the evolution and potential functions of NAT genes in cotton. Current findings could make significant contribution towards screening more candidate genes related to biotic and abiotic resistance for the improvement in cotton.
基金Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The funding bodies provided financial support to the research projects but didn't involve in study design,data collection,analysis,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘ZAT(Zinc Finger of Arabidopsis thaliana)proteins are composed of a plant-specific transcription factor family,which play an important role in plant growth,development,and stress resista nee.To study the potential function of ZAT family in cotton,the whole genome identification,expression,and structure analysis of ZAT gene family were carried out.In this study,our analysis revealed the presenee of 115Z 56,59,and 115 ZAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum,G raimondii,G.arboreum and G barbadense,respectively.According to the number of domains and phylogenetic characteristics,we divided ZAT genes of four Gossypium species into 4 different clades,and further divided them into 11 subfamilies.The results of collinearity an alysis showed that segmental duplicati on was the main method to amplify the cotton ZAT genes family.Analysis of c/s-elements of promoters indicated that most GhZAT genes contained c/5-elements related to plant hormones and abiotic stress.According to heatmap analysis,the expression patterns of GhZAT genes under different stresses indicated that GhZAT genes were significantly involved in the response to cold,heat,salt,and PEG stress,possibly through different mechanisms.Among the highly expressed genes,we cloned a G hirsutum gene GhZAT67.Through virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS),we found that its expression level decreased significantly after being sileneed.Under alkaline treatment,the wilting degree of silenced plants was even greater than the wild type,which proved that GhZAT67 gene was involved in the response to alkaline stress.
