世俗价值与信仰本真:民间信仰宫庙的新转型——惠安小岞霞霖宫个案研究

改革开放以来,我国民间信仰在发展中出现了“资源化”的明显趋势。在民间信仰的“资源化”中,政府官员、文化产业者等“他者”居于主导地位,民间信徒等“自者”的信仰需求遭到漠视,从而影响了民间信仰的“自然发展”之路。当前福建惠安小岞霞霖宫走的也是“资源化”的发展转型。通过发展跨地区信仰文化交流、弘扬地方特色传统文化、参与地方慈善公益事业等,霞霖宫构建起新的社会资本、文化资本和象征资本。借助于这三个资本,霞霖宫得以将妈祖信徒以外的人员、小岞镇外的资源等“他者”都动员到宫庙里来,由此扩大自身的影响。值得注意的是,霞霖宫的发展转型是当地信徒,即“自者”主导的。“自者”通过强调该宫的世俗价值来实现影响力的提升,并没有导致信仰本真性的失落。霞霖宫挖掘世俗价值的同时又能保持信仰本真性的发展转型,为我们理解传统民间信仰如何更好地融入现代社会提供了一个可资借鉴的范例。

Estimating light interception using the color attributes of digital images of cotton canopies

Crop growth and yield depend on canopy light interception （LI）. To identify a low-cost and relatively efficient index for measuring LI, several color attributes of red-green-blue （RGB）, hue-saturation-intensity （HSI）, hue-saturation-value （HSV） color models and the component values of color attributes in the RGB color model were investigated using digital images at six cotton plant population densities in 2012-2014. The results showed that the LI values followed downward quadratic curves after planting. The red （R）, green （G） and blue （B） values varied greatly over the years, in accordance with Cai＇s research demonstrating that the RGB model is affected by outside light. Quadratic curves were fit to these color attributes at six plant population densities. Additionally, linear regressions of LI on every color attribute revealed that the hue （H） values in HSI and HSV were significantly linearly correlated with LI with a determination coefficient （R2）〉0.89 and a root mean square error （RMSE）=0.05. Thus, the H values in the HSI and HSV models could be used to measure LI, and this hypothesis was validated. The H values are new indexes for quantitatively estimating the LI of heterogeneous crop cano- pies, which will provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the crop canopy structure. However, further research should be conducted in other crops and under other growing and environmental conditions to verify this finding.

亏缺灌溉对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响研究进展

棉花是世界上最主要的农作物之一。随着全球水资源的日益紧张,灌溉用水将成为限制棉花生产的主要因素。亏缺灌溉是一种低于作物正常腾发量的灌溉方式,可以在保证棉花产量和品质的前提下提高水分利用效率,是一种有效的节水灌溉方式。本文综述了亏缺灌溉对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响。亏缺灌溉可以通过促进棉花由营养生长向生殖生长转化,降低棉花株高、叶面积、总生物量,从而提高收获指数、茎粗和水分利用效率。最后,综合现有的研究,结合棉花生产实际,提出亏缺灌溉应用推广建议,以期为旱区棉花可持续发展提供理论指导。