目的系统评价和整合护士灵性照护认知与体验的质性研究,为促进临床灵性照护的实施以及灵性照护实践方案的制订提供参考。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、万方、维普、Airiti Library数据库中关于护士灵性照...目的系统评价和整合护士灵性照护认知与体验的质性研究,为促进临床灵性照护的实施以及灵性照护实践方案的制订提供参考。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、万方、维普、Airiti Library数据库中关于护士灵性照顾认知与体验的相关质性研究,检索时限均为建库至2019年10月,采用2017版澳大利亚循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,采用汇集性整合的方法进行Meta整合。结果共纳入12项研究,提炼93个研究结果,归纳形成9个新类别,得出3个整合结果,分别为灵性照护的认知(灵性照护的范畴是广泛的,灵性照护的实施是必要的);灵性照护的情感体验(正性心理感受,负性心理感受);灵性照护的实践经验(工作环境因素可能会导致灵性照护实施困难,护士自身特质的差异可能会影响灵性照护结局,建立良好的护患关系有助于临床照护的实施,根据患者需求适当提供文化与宗教的支持,灵性照护相关的培训的益处)。结论我国的护理管理者应了解临床护士对灵性照护的认知及体验,促进灵性照护工作的临床实践,以更好地体现人文关怀理念,提高护理质量,促进我国护理事业健康发展。展开更多
The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chlor...The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chloroform part of extract （separated with chloroform from alcohol extract） form green peel of J. mandshurica have insecticidal activities in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity against larvae of Lymantria dispar L.. After application of the extracts for five days, the corrected mortality of larvae of Lymantria dispar for both extracts was more than 50% in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the concentration of ≥ 5 g·L^-1. The insecticidal activity for both alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract is more effect in contact toxicity than in stomach toxicity, but no significant difference in the insecticidal activities was found between alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract. The active components in the chloroform part of extract from green peel of.J. mandshurica were analyzed by GC-MS. The analyzed results showed that the active components in the chloroform part of extract are： （1） joglone （5-hydroxy-1,4- naphthaoquinone）, the relative content 27.11%, （2） 1,5-Naphthalenediol, the relative content 9.52%, （3） 7-Methoxy-1-tetralone, the relative content 6.81%, （4） Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-, the relative content 6.76%, （5） 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, the relative content 3.99%, （6） 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, the relative content 3.05%.展开更多
文摘目的系统评价和整合护士灵性照护认知与体验的质性研究,为促进临床灵性照护的实施以及灵性照护实践方案的制订提供参考。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、万方、维普、Airiti Library数据库中关于护士灵性照顾认知与体验的相关质性研究,检索时限均为建库至2019年10月,采用2017版澳大利亚循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,采用汇集性整合的方法进行Meta整合。结果共纳入12项研究,提炼93个研究结果,归纳形成9个新类别,得出3个整合结果,分别为灵性照护的认知(灵性照护的范畴是广泛的,灵性照护的实施是必要的);灵性照护的情感体验(正性心理感受,负性心理感受);灵性照护的实践经验(工作环境因素可能会导致灵性照护实施困难,护士自身特质的差异可能会影响灵性照护结局,建立良好的护患关系有助于临床照护的实施,根据患者需求适当提供文化与宗教的支持,灵性照护相关的培训的益处)。结论我国的护理管理者应了解临床护士对灵性照护的认知及体验,促进灵性照护工作的临床实践,以更好地体现人文关怀理念,提高护理质量,促进我国护理事业健康发展。
基金This study was supported by Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation (C2004-28)
文摘The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chloroform part of extract （separated with chloroform from alcohol extract） form green peel of J. mandshurica have insecticidal activities in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity against larvae of Lymantria dispar L.. After application of the extracts for five days, the corrected mortality of larvae of Lymantria dispar for both extracts was more than 50% in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the concentration of ≥ 5 g·L^-1. The insecticidal activity for both alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract is more effect in contact toxicity than in stomach toxicity, but no significant difference in the insecticidal activities was found between alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract. The active components in the chloroform part of extract from green peel of.J. mandshurica were analyzed by GC-MS. The analyzed results showed that the active components in the chloroform part of extract are： （1） joglone （5-hydroxy-1,4- naphthaoquinone）, the relative content 27.11%, （2） 1,5-Naphthalenediol, the relative content 9.52%, （3） 7-Methoxy-1-tetralone, the relative content 6.81%, （4） Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-, the relative content 6.76%, （5） 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, the relative content 3.99%, （6） 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, the relative content 3.05%.
