目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)隔离病区医护人员传染病职业暴露(occupational exposure to infectious diseases,OEID)的特点、诱因、暴露后处置的特殊性及预防暴露的措施。方法纳入2020年2月4日至3月21日武汉火神山医院1061名医...目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)隔离病区医护人员传染病职业暴露(occupational exposure to infectious diseases,OEID)的特点、诱因、暴露后处置的特殊性及预防暴露的措施。方法纳入2020年2月4日至3月21日武汉火神山医院1061名医护人员,从体质和心理状况、防护用品、制度和流程、空气环境、暴露类型、暴露后应急处置的特殊性等多角度对其OEID事件进行调查分析。结果武汉火神山医院一线医护人员OEID发生率为2.0%(21/1061),护士和医师分别占95.2%(20/21)和4.8%(1/21)。17个普通感染科病区和2个重症监护病房分别占71.4%(15/21)和28.6%(6/21)。红区(污染区)和黄区(潜在污染区)分别占90.5%(19/21)和9.5%(2/21)。23.8%(5/21)为呕吐所致口鼻部皮肤黏膜及气道暴露;76.2%(16/21)为锐器伤。诱因涉及某些护目镜工艺欠佳、佩戴欠妥当和内面雾化干扰视物,三级防护相关的憋闷、触觉和操作灵活度下降,场所空气质量欠佳,医护人员体质和心理状况等。通过优化实施《传染病职业暴露处理流程》,所有事件均得到妥善处理,无2019新型冠状病毒和经血液传播病原体感染的发生。通过落实成套预防措施,有效控制了新的OEID风险。结论COVID-19隔离病区医护人员OEID的诱因多样,兼顾COVID-19和经血液传播传染病双重OEID处置特殊性的优化流程可有效预防暴露后的潜在感染,合理的预防措施可充分降低医护人员在COVID-19隔离病区发生OEID的风险。展开更多
Herein, we described a ratiometric strategy based on "chameleon" DNA-silver nanoclusters( DNA-AgNCs) fluorescent binary probes. The strategy was applied to detect high-risk human papillomavirus( HPV) DNA seq...Herein, we described a ratiometric strategy based on "chameleon" DNA-silver nanoclusters( DNA-AgNCs) fluorescent binary probes. The strategy was applied to detect high-risk human papillomavirus( HPV) DNA sequences, HPV-16. First, DNA-AgNCs were synthesized by a simple reduction method. The obtained nanoprobes showed typical yellow and red fluorescence of AgNCs. Upon the addition of HPV-16 DNA, the yellow fluorescence of AgNCs was reduced greatly, whereas tlie red fluorescence of AgNCs was increased. The concentration of HPV-16 DNA in the samples was characterized by the ratio of fluorescence intensity at 570 and 630 nm. Tlie ratiometric nanoprobes showed good selectivity for HPV-16 DNA, and the detection limit was 2 ninol/L. In addition, the practical applicability of this strategy was demonstrated by analysing the HPV-16 DNA in hiunan serum, illustrating its potential promise for clinical diagnosis.展开更多
文摘目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)隔离病区医护人员传染病职业暴露(occupational exposure to infectious diseases,OEID)的特点、诱因、暴露后处置的特殊性及预防暴露的措施。方法纳入2020年2月4日至3月21日武汉火神山医院1061名医护人员,从体质和心理状况、防护用品、制度和流程、空气环境、暴露类型、暴露后应急处置的特殊性等多角度对其OEID事件进行调查分析。结果武汉火神山医院一线医护人员OEID发生率为2.0%(21/1061),护士和医师分别占95.2%(20/21)和4.8%(1/21)。17个普通感染科病区和2个重症监护病房分别占71.4%(15/21)和28.6%(6/21)。红区(污染区)和黄区(潜在污染区)分别占90.5%(19/21)和9.5%(2/21)。23.8%(5/21)为呕吐所致口鼻部皮肤黏膜及气道暴露;76.2%(16/21)为锐器伤。诱因涉及某些护目镜工艺欠佳、佩戴欠妥当和内面雾化干扰视物,三级防护相关的憋闷、触觉和操作灵活度下降,场所空气质量欠佳,医护人员体质和心理状况等。通过优化实施《传染病职业暴露处理流程》,所有事件均得到妥善处理,无2019新型冠状病毒和经血液传播病原体感染的发生。通过落实成套预防措施,有效控制了新的OEID风险。结论COVID-19隔离病区医护人员OEID的诱因多样,兼顾COVID-19和经血液传播传染病双重OEID处置特殊性的优化流程可有效预防暴露后的潜在感染,合理的预防措施可充分降低医护人员在COVID-19隔离病区发生OEID的风险。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21675047, 21735002, 21521063)the Key Point Research and Invention Program of Hunan Province, China(No.2017DK2011).
文摘Herein, we described a ratiometric strategy based on "chameleon" DNA-silver nanoclusters( DNA-AgNCs) fluorescent binary probes. The strategy was applied to detect high-risk human papillomavirus( HPV) DNA sequences, HPV-16. First, DNA-AgNCs were synthesized by a simple reduction method. The obtained nanoprobes showed typical yellow and red fluorescence of AgNCs. Upon the addition of HPV-16 DNA, the yellow fluorescence of AgNCs was reduced greatly, whereas tlie red fluorescence of AgNCs was increased. The concentration of HPV-16 DNA in the samples was characterized by the ratio of fluorescence intensity at 570 and 630 nm. Tlie ratiometric nanoprobes showed good selectivity for HPV-16 DNA, and the detection limit was 2 ninol/L. In addition, the practical applicability of this strategy was demonstrated by analysing the HPV-16 DNA in hiunan serum, illustrating its potential promise for clinical diagnosis.
