基于1979—2021年的ERA5再分析资料,研究了副极地海洋锋区(Subarctic Frontal Zone,SAFZ)海温(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)异常相关的冬季海气相互作用过程及其影响次年冬季厄尔尼诺(El Ni o)的机制。研究表明,冬季SAFZ的特征海气异...基于1979—2021年的ERA5再分析资料,研究了副极地海洋锋区(Subarctic Frontal Zone,SAFZ)海温(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)异常相关的冬季海气相互作用过程及其影响次年冬季厄尔尼诺(El Ni o)的机制。研究表明,冬季SAFZ的特征海气异常表现为大尺度的SST暖异常与偶极型的大气环流异常。在SAFZ海气相互作用过程中,海洋首先通过直接的非绝热加热影响低层大气斜压性,随后通过间接的瞬变涡旋反馈使相当正压的位势高度异常在整个冬季内维持。其中,南部的气旋式环流异常通过减弱副热带的平均信风激发太平洋经向模态(Pacific Meridional Mode,PMM)与风—蒸发—SST(Wind-Evaporation-SST,WES)反馈,从而使中纬度SST暖异常南传至热带太平洋中部,随后导致El Ni o发生。然而,并非所有的SAFZ暖异常事件都能激发次年冬季的El Ni o,中纬度海气耦合异常的初始配置及同期热带太平洋的表现情况将对中纬度信号南传至热带的过程产生较大的影响。展开更多
基于环境空气质量监测数据,本文分析了2022年6月14—18日高温热浪期间江苏省臭氧污染过程的时空变化特征,并结合天气形势、WRF-CMAQ模拟和典型城市大气超级站挥发性有机物(VOCs)在线监测数据进行了成因分析。结果表明:高温热浪期间,江苏...基于环境空气质量监测数据,本文分析了2022年6月14—18日高温热浪期间江苏省臭氧污染过程的时空变化特征,并结合天气形势、WRF-CMAQ模拟和典型城市大气超级站挥发性有机物(VOCs)在线监测数据进行了成因分析。结果表明:高温热浪期间,江苏省13个地级城市臭氧污染超标率达96.9%,中度污染超标率为27.6%,臭氧日最大8 h(MDA8 O 3)峰值质量浓度高达260.0μg·m^(-3)。南通市、无锡市、苏州市3个典型城市臭氧质量浓度的日变化特征显示,07—13时臭氧质量浓度增长率在27.9%~46.7%,多个时段净增量超过40.0μg·m^(-3)。利用WRF-CMAQ模型对污染过程进行了数值模拟、过程分析和溯源分析。结果显示,典型城市白天小时平均光化学贡献在24.5~33.0μg·m^(-3)之间,稳定高值的光化学贡献,叠加持续稳定或突发的传输贡献,导致此次高温热浪下臭氧质量浓度爆发式升高,出现峰值污染。在偏南风的影响下,省外污染源来自浙江省贡献最高,在13.9%~33.8%,其中无锡市和苏州市受浙江省外源影响较大。此外南通市大气超级站VOCs在线监测结果显示,臭氧污染期间逐日VOCs体积分数在45.5×10^(-9)~83.6×10^(-9)之间,整体处于高值水平,臭氧生成潜势(OFPs)贡献排名前十的物种以烯烃和芳香烃物质为主。展开更多
Using the National Center for Environment Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis coupled dataset during 1979–2010,we selected four subseasonal indexes from the 16 East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)indexes to char...Using the National Center for Environment Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis coupled dataset during 1979–2010,we selected four subseasonal indexes from the 16 East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)indexes to characterize the subseasonal variability of the entire EASM system.The strongest(1996)and weakest(1998)years of the subseasonal variation were revealed based on these subseasonal EASM indexes.Furthermore,three rainfall concentration areas were defined in East Asia,and these areas were dissected by the atmospheric midlatitude jet stream axis and the position of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High(WNPSH).Then,the subseasonal effects of the WNPSH,the South Asian High(SAH),the Mongolian Cyclone(MC),and the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation(BSISO)on each rainfall concentration area were studied in the strongest and weakest subseasonal variation years of the EASM.During the summer of 1998,the WNPSH and the SAH were stable in the more southern region,which not only blocked the northward progression of the BSISO but also caused the MC to advance southward.Therefore,the summer of 1998 was the weakest subseasonal variability of the EASM,but with significant subseasonal precipitation episodes in the northern and central rainfall areas.However,in 1996,the BSISO repeatedly spread northward in the south rainfall area because of the weak intensities and northern positions of the WNPSH and the SAH,which caused significant subseasonal precipitation episodes.In addition,MC was blocked to the north of approximately 42°N with a weak subseasonal rainfall.展开更多
文摘基于1979—2021年的ERA5再分析资料,研究了副极地海洋锋区(Subarctic Frontal Zone,SAFZ)海温(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)异常相关的冬季海气相互作用过程及其影响次年冬季厄尔尼诺(El Ni o)的机制。研究表明,冬季SAFZ的特征海气异常表现为大尺度的SST暖异常与偶极型的大气环流异常。在SAFZ海气相互作用过程中,海洋首先通过直接的非绝热加热影响低层大气斜压性,随后通过间接的瞬变涡旋反馈使相当正压的位势高度异常在整个冬季内维持。其中,南部的气旋式环流异常通过减弱副热带的平均信风激发太平洋经向模态(Pacific Meridional Mode,PMM)与风—蒸发—SST(Wind-Evaporation-SST,WES)反馈,从而使中纬度SST暖异常南传至热带太平洋中部,随后导致El Ni o发生。然而,并非所有的SAFZ暖异常事件都能激发次年冬季的El Ni o,中纬度海气耦合异常的初始配置及同期热带太平洋的表现情况将对中纬度信号南传至热带的过程产生较大的影响。
文摘基于环境空气质量监测数据,本文分析了2022年6月14—18日高温热浪期间江苏省臭氧污染过程的时空变化特征,并结合天气形势、WRF-CMAQ模拟和典型城市大气超级站挥发性有机物(VOCs)在线监测数据进行了成因分析。结果表明:高温热浪期间,江苏省13个地级城市臭氧污染超标率达96.9%,中度污染超标率为27.6%,臭氧日最大8 h(MDA8 O 3)峰值质量浓度高达260.0μg·m^(-3)。南通市、无锡市、苏州市3个典型城市臭氧质量浓度的日变化特征显示,07—13时臭氧质量浓度增长率在27.9%~46.7%,多个时段净增量超过40.0μg·m^(-3)。利用WRF-CMAQ模型对污染过程进行了数值模拟、过程分析和溯源分析。结果显示,典型城市白天小时平均光化学贡献在24.5~33.0μg·m^(-3)之间,稳定高值的光化学贡献,叠加持续稳定或突发的传输贡献,导致此次高温热浪下臭氧质量浓度爆发式升高,出现峰值污染。在偏南风的影响下,省外污染源来自浙江省贡献最高,在13.9%~33.8%,其中无锡市和苏州市受浙江省外源影响较大。此外南通市大气超级站VOCs在线监测结果显示,臭氧污染期间逐日VOCs体积分数在45.5×10^(-9)~83.6×10^(-9)之间,整体处于高值水平,臭氧生成潜势(OFPs)贡献排名前十的物种以烯烃和芳香烃物质为主。
基金supported by the National Key Program for Developing Basic Science (Nos.2018YFC1505900 and 2016YFA0600303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42175060,41621005, 41675064, 4167 5067, and 41875086)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Province Science Foundation (No. BK20201259)support of the Jiangsu Provincial Innovation Center for Climate Change and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universityjointly supported by the Joint Open Project of KLME and CIC-FEMD (No. KL ME201902)。
文摘Using the National Center for Environment Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis coupled dataset during 1979–2010,we selected four subseasonal indexes from the 16 East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)indexes to characterize the subseasonal variability of the entire EASM system.The strongest(1996)and weakest(1998)years of the subseasonal variation were revealed based on these subseasonal EASM indexes.Furthermore,three rainfall concentration areas were defined in East Asia,and these areas were dissected by the atmospheric midlatitude jet stream axis and the position of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High(WNPSH).Then,the subseasonal effects of the WNPSH,the South Asian High(SAH),the Mongolian Cyclone(MC),and the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation(BSISO)on each rainfall concentration area were studied in the strongest and weakest subseasonal variation years of the EASM.During the summer of 1998,the WNPSH and the SAH were stable in the more southern region,which not only blocked the northward progression of the BSISO but also caused the MC to advance southward.Therefore,the summer of 1998 was the weakest subseasonal variability of the EASM,but with significant subseasonal precipitation episodes in the northern and central rainfall areas.However,in 1996,the BSISO repeatedly spread northward in the south rainfall area because of the weak intensities and northern positions of the WNPSH and the SAH,which caused significant subseasonal precipitation episodes.In addition,MC was blocked to the north of approximately 42°N with a weak subseasonal rainfall.
