Synergistic Effect of Dual-Doped Carbon on MO_(2)C Nanocrystals Facilitates Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Molybdenum carbide(MO_(2)C)materials are promising electrocatalysts with potential applications in hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)due to low cost and Pt-like electronic structures.Nevertheless,their HER activity is usually hindered by the strong hydrogen binding energy.Moreover,the lack of water-cleaving site's makes it difficult for the catalysts to work in alkaline solutions.Here,we designed and synthesized a B and N dual-doped carbon layer that encapsulated on MO_(2)C nanocrystals(MO_(2)C@BNC)for accelerating HER under alkaline condition.The electronic interactions between the MO_(2)C nanocrystals and the multiple-doped carbon layer endow a near-zero H adsorption Gibbs free energy on the defective C atoms over the carbon shell.Meanwhile,the introduced B atoms afford optimal H_2O adsorption sites for the water-cleaving step.Accordingly,the dual-doped MO_(2)C catalyst with synergistic effect of non-metal sites delivers superior HER performances of a low overpotential(99 mV@10 mA cm^(-2))and a small Tafel slope(58.1 mV dec^(-1))in 1 M KOH solution.Furthermore,it presents a remarkable activity that outperforming the commercial 10%Pt/C catalyst at large current density,demonstrating its applicability in industrial water splitting.This study provides a reasonable design strategy towards noble-metal-free HER catalysts with high activity.

Translocation of telomerase reverse transcriptase coincided with ATP release in postnatal cochlear supporting cells

The spontaneous bursts of electrical activity in the developing auditory system are derived from the periodic release of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)by supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ.However,the mechanisms responsible for initiating spontaneous ATP release have not been determined.Our previous study revealed that telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT)is expressed in the basilar membrane during the first postnatal week.Its role in cochlear development remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the expression and role of TERT in postnatal cochlea supporting cells.Our results revealed that in postnatal cochlear Kölliker’s organ supporting cells,TERT shifts from the nucleus into the cytoplasm over time.We found that the TERT translocation tendency in postnatal cochlear supporting cells in vitro coincided with that observed in vivo.Further analysis showed that TERT in the cytoplasm was mainly located in mitochondria in the absence of oxidative stress or apoptosis,suggesting that TERT in mitochondria plays roles other than antioxidant or anti-apoptotic functions.We observed increased ATP synthesis,release and activation of purine signaling systems in supporting cells during the first 10 postnatal days.The phenomenon that TERT translocation coincided with changes in ATP synthesis,release and activation of the purine signaling system in postnatal cochlear supporting cells suggested that TERT may be involved in regulating ATP release and activation of the purine signaling system.Our study provides a new research direction for exploring the spontaneous electrical activity of the cochlea during the early postnatal period.

WPA1 encodes a vWA domain protein that regulates wheat plant architecture

Plant height,spike,leaf,stem and grain morphologies are key components of plant architecture and related to wheat yield.A wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)mutant,wpa1,displaying temperaturedependent pleiotropic developmental anomalies,was isolated.The WPA1 gene,encoding a von Willebrand factor type A(vWA)domain protein,was located on chromosome arm 7DS and isolated by map-based cloning.The functionality of WPA1 was validated by multiple independent EMS-induced mutants and gene editing.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that WPA1 is monocotyledon-specific in higher plants.The identification of WPA1 provides opportunity to study the temperature regulated wheat development and grain yield.

The wheat sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 is a determinant of grain number per spike

Some haplotypes of the sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 are associated with thousand-grain weight(TGW)in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,no mutations have been identified within the gene to test this association.The effects of TaSus1 on grain number per spike(GNS)also are largely unknown.Our previous genome-wide association study identified TaSus-A1 as a candidate gene controlling fertile spikelet number per spike(FSN).In the present study,we generated two independent mutants for the three TaSus1 homoeologs by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing.The triple mutants displayed lower FSN,GNS,grain number per spikelet(GNST),and TGW than wild-type plants.In 306 hexaploid wheat accessions,two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TaSus-A1 contributed differently to GNS.Introgression of the two alleles into a wheat genetic background confirmed their effects.The alleles differed in geographical distribution among the accessions.

纵向数据下精度矩阵的替代的修正Cholesky分解

纵向数据下相关系数矩阵可能具有科学意义。然而,在精度矩阵具有典型结构时,很少有文献同时关注对模型误识别稳健的相关系数矩阵估计和对于数据中离群值的稳健性。本文中我们为纵向数据的精度矩阵提出了一种替代的修正Cholesky分解(alternative modified Cholesky decomposition, AMCD),从而得到了关于新息方差模型误识别稳健的相关系数矩阵估计。我们建立了基于多元正态分布和AMCD的联合均值-协方差模型,发展了拟Fisher得分算法,证明了其极大似然估计的相合性和渐近正态性。进一步,我们建立了基于多元Laplace分布和AMCD的双稳健联合建模方法,为其极大似然估计发展了拟Newton算法。模拟研究和实际数据分析验证了所提AMCD方法的有效性。

PTEN inhibitor bisperoxovanadium protects against noise-induced hearing loss

Studies have shown that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)participates in the regulation of cochlear hair cell survival.Bisperoxovanadium protects against neurodegeneration by inhibiting PTEN expression.However,whether bisperoxovanadium can protect against noise-induced hearing loss and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of noise-induced hearing loss by exposure to 105 dB sound for 2 hours.We found that PTEN expression was increased in the organ of Corti,including outer hair cells,inner hair cells,and lateral wall tissues.Intraperitoneal administration of bisperoxovanadium decreased the auditory threshold and the loss of cochlear hair cells and inner hair cell ribbons.In addition,noise exposure decreased p-PI3K and p-Akt levels.Bisperoxovanadium preconditioning or PTEN knockdown upregulated the activity of PI3K-Akt.Bisperoxovanadium also prevented H_(2)O_(2)-induced hair cell death by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in cochlear explants.These findings suggest that bisperoxovanadium reduces noise-induced hearing injury and reduces cochlear hair cell loss.

A 94-year-old patient with severe burns: a case report

Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classifi ed as mild or severe.Mild burns usually refer to burns that encompass less than 10%of the total body surface area(TBSA),mainly superficial burns.Severe burns are defined as TBSA>10%in elderly patients,TBSA>20%in adults,and TBSA>30%in children.[2]Burn injuries,particularly severe burns,are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response,metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.[3]Therefore,burn care providers face many challenges,including acute and critical care management,long-term care,and rehabilitation.Here,we report a 94-year-old patient with severe burns who recovered well and was discharged from the hospital in a wheelchair.

Laser test of the prototype of CEE time projection chamber

A prototype thick-GEM-based cooling storage ring external-target experiment(CEE) time projection chamber(TPC) is constructed and tested with the pulsed ultraviolet laser beams. The results indicate that the prototype TPC has a good performance in three-dimensional track resolution. In X direction the position resolution is about 0.2 mm, and in Y direction the position resolution is about 0.5 mm. The results also determine that the energy resolution is about 5.4%, which achieve the requirements of the CEE experiment and can be used to study the nuclear state equation and the quantum chromo dynamics.

异氰酸酯一步法制备聚酰亚胺模塑粉的分析表征和模压性质

使用联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA)、4,4'-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)和2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI),通过异氰酸酯法制备了4种具有不同分子结构的聚酰亚胺(PI)胶体,经水洗、干燥后得PI模塑粉。用二正丁胺法测定生成七元环阶段的反应终点时间为4 h;用红外光谱法分析了PI模塑粉的化学结构,证实所得为目标产物;用热重分析了PI模塑粉的热稳定性,用动态力学热分析测试表征了PI模塑粉的耐热性;用激光粒度分析表征了PI模塑粉的粒径分布,用平板硫化机对PI模塑粉进行了模压成型。结果表明,用BPDA、MDI制备的PI模塑粉热稳定性最好,失重5%的温度为526℃;用PMDA、MDI和TDI制备的PI模塑粉玻璃化转变温度(T_g)最高,为419℃;PI模塑粉粒径分布为双峰分布;模压温度对模压制品的性能和外观有很大的影响。

Decreased expression of the long non-coding RNA HOXD-AS2 promotes gastric cancer progression by targeting HOXD8 and activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) have been shown to be associated with many tumors. However, the specific mechanism of lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer(GC) has not been fully elucidated.AIM To explore the expression level and molecular mechanism of HOXD-AS2 in GC tissues and cells, and analyze its significance in the prognosis of GC.METHODS Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of HOXD-AS2 in 79 pairs of GC tissues and five cell lines. The pc HOXD-AS2 plasmid vector was constructed and transfected into SGC-7901 and SNU-1 GC cells. Matrigel Transwell and wound healing assays were used to confirm the effect of HOXDAS2 on invasion and migration of GC cells. Cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to verify the effect of HOXD-AS2 on the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of GC cells. The relevant regulatory mechanism between HOXD-AS2 and HOXD8 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was verified by Western blot analysis.RESULTS The low expression of lncRNA HOXD-AS2 was associated with lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis stage in GC. In vitro functional experiments demonstrated that overexpression of HOXD-AS2 inhibited GC cell progression. Mechanistic studies revealed that HOXD-AS2 regulated the expression of its nearby gene HOXD8 and inhibited the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.CONCLUSION These results indicate that downregulation of HOXD-AS2 significantly promotes the progression of GC cells by regulating HOXD8 expression and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. HOXD-AS2 may be a novel diagnostic biomarker and effective therapeutic target for GC.

低介电性双环戊二烯型苯并口恶嗪的合成及性能

以双环戊二烯、苯酚为原料通过傅克烷基化反应合成双环戊二烯型酚醛单体(DCPDNO),再用所得的DCPDNO与多聚甲醛、苯胺反应合成双环戊二烯型苯并口恶嗪(DCPD-BOZ)。将所得DCPD-BOZ进行高温固化,DCPD-BOZ与环氧树脂E-51进行熔融共混后经过高温固化。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振(~1H-NMR、^(13)C-NMR)等分析了合成产物的化学结构,证明了产物为目标产物;采用差示扫描量热分析对DCPD-BOZ和DCPD-BOZ/E-51共混物的固化特性进行研究;采用热重分析表征了双环戊二烯型聚苯并口恶嗪poly(DCPD-BOZ)和DCPD-BOZ/E-51共混固化物的热稳定性;测试其介电性。结果表明,DCPD-BOZ在207℃出现了固化峰;在N_2的条件下,poly(DCPD-BOZ)失重5%时温度为301℃,在390℃时热分解速率最快,在800℃的残炭率为35%。在室温下介电常数为2.96,介电损耗为0.019。DCPD-BOZ/E-51共混物在240℃产生热效应;在N_2的条件下,DCPD-BOZ/E-51共混物固化物失重5%时温度为357℃,比poly(DCPD-BOZ)提高了56℃。

Response functions of a 4π summing gamma detector in β-Oslo method

The response functions of a 4π summing BGO detector were established using extensive experimental measurements and GEANT4 simulation. The partial and total efficiencies for all components of the γ-ray interaction with the BGO detector were also measured. These response functions and efficiencies will be used in the β-Oslo method experiments to study the neutron capture cross sections of radioactive heavy ions. The application of the response functions of the BGO detector under simulated continuum γ-rays and source measurement γ-rays proves that the method and response functions are reliable.

聚脲-聚酰亚胺嵌段共聚物的制备及表征

以4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)、4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA)为原料,首先合成端氨基聚酰胺酸和端异氰酸酯基聚脲,然后将2个均聚物偶联,制备3种聚脲链段含量不同的聚脲-聚酰亚胺嵌段共聚物。通过红外分析、X射线衍射、热重分析、差示扫描量热分析和热膨胀系数测试对嵌段共聚物的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,聚脲-聚酰亚胺嵌段共聚物具有较好的热稳定性,失重5%的温度T5%在330℃以上;热失重曲线出现2个失重台阶;聚脲链段含量的增加,使玻璃化转变温度升高,热膨胀系数降低;聚脲-聚酰亚胺嵌段共聚物在酸性介质中比在碱性介质中更稳定。

Engineering electronic structures of titanium vacancies in Ti_(1-x)O_(2)nanosheets enables enhanced Li-ion and Na-ion storage

Up to now,three kinds of ion-storage mechanisms are summarized towards anode materials in lithium/sodium-ion batteries,but they have low capacity and poor cyclic performance.Therefore,it is necessary to develop a new approach to optimize ion storage.Herein,we report an adsorption/desorption storage route through engineering electronic structure of cation-deficient Ti_(1-x)O_(2)nanosheets.Ti_(1-x)O_(2)nanosheets indeed exhibit higher capacity(332.1 mA h g^(-1)vs.137.7 mA h g^(-1)for LIBs,195.7 mA h g^(-1)vs.111 mA h g^(-1)for SIBs),and more stable cyclic performance(296 mA h g^(-1)vs.99 mA h g^(-1)for LIBs,178.1 mA h g^(-1)vs.80.2 mA h g^(-1)for SIBs after 100 cycles)at 0.1 A g^(-1)than TiO_(2)nanosheets.Kinetics analysis and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that electronic structures of vacancy within Ti_(1-x)O_(2) nanosheets encourage a novel adsorption-desorption storage route.These results highlight the benefits of the engineered electronic structures within electrode material and implement novel ion-storage mechanism towards broad energy storage applications.

Dynamic range and linearity improvement for zero-field single-beam atomic magnetometer

Zero-field single-beam atomic magnetometers with transverse parametric modulation for ultra-weak magnetic field detection have attracted widespread attention recently.In this study,we present a comprehensive response model and propose a modification method of conventional first harmonic response by introducing the second harmonic correction.The proposed modification method gives improvement in dynamic range and reduction of linearity error.Additionally,our modification method shows suppression of response instability caused by optical intensity and frequency fluctuations.An atomic magnetometer with single-beam configuration is built to compare the performance between our proposed method and the conventional method.The results indicate that our method’s magnetic field response signal achieves a 5-fold expansion of dynamic range from 2 nT to 10 nT,with the linearity error decreased from 5%to 1%.Under the fluctuations of 5%for optical intensity and±15 GHz detuning of frequency,the proposed modification method maintains intensityrelated instability less than 1%and frequency-related instability less than 8%while the conventional method suffers 15%and 38%,respectively.Our method is promising for future high-sensitive and long-term stable optically pumped atomic sensors.

泸州地区成年人鼻部形态与颅面结构的关系

背景:研究表明正畸治疗可以改变鼻部与颏部的形态位置,从而对面部美观产生重大影响。因此正畸治疗设计需将鼻形态与颅颌面各结构之间的关系作为重要参考,避免因矫治而带来或加重颜面部的不协调。目的:研究泸州地区成年人鼻形态指标与性别、矢状骨面型、垂直骨面型三因素的相关性及差异性,以及鼻形态指标与颅面结构形态指标的相关性,为正畸临床诊断与治疗设计提供一些参考。方法:选择2014至2016年于西南医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科就诊的患者240例,进行头影测量分析,测量软硬组织指标共计27项。结果与结论:(1)三因素方差分析结果显示:与性别有关的鼻形态指标有鼻背长、鼻尖深度、鼻翼深度、鼻峰高度、软组织面突角、鼻小柱突度、鼻骨长(P<0.05),与矢状骨面型有关的鼻形态指标有鼻峰高度、鼻唇角、鼻颏角、软组织面突角(P<0.05),与垂直骨面型有关的鼻形态指标有鼻骨长、软组织面突角(P<0.05);(2)不同性别之间鼻形态存在差异,男性鼻部大小、突度均大于女性;(3)不同矢状骨面型的鼻部大小无显著差异,但反映鼻形态与面部结构关系的指标在三类骨面型中有显著差异;(4)不同垂直骨面型与软组织面突度、鼻骨长有显著相关性;(5)鼻部的大小、突度及形态与颌骨的长度、高度以及颌骨在矢状/垂直向的位置有关。

Building an Intelligent Home Space for Service Robot Based on Multi-Pattern Information Model and Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper is concerned with constructing a prototype intelligent home environment for home service robot. In this environment, multi-pattern information can be represented by some intelligent artificial marks. Light-packs service robots can provide reliable and intelligent service by interacting with the environment through the wireless sensor networks. The intelligent space consists the following main components: smart devices with intelligent artificial mark;home server that connects the smart device and maintains the information through wireless sensor network;and the service robot that perform tasks in collaboration with the environment. In this paper, the multi-pattern information model is built, the construction of wireless sensor networks is presented, the smart and agilely home service is introduced. Fi- nally, the future direction of intelligent space system is discussed.

The ZigBee Based Wireless Sensor and Actor Network in Intelligent Space Oriented to Home Service Robot

In the study of intelligent space oriented to home service robot, an important technology is how to construct an communication network which has the characters of high reliability and easy building. In this paper, based on the characteristics of ZigBee protocol, ZigBee technology is used to construct a wireless sensor and actor network. Several intelligent services based on ZigBee wireless sensor and actor network are shown to certify the reliability of this communication network. ZigBee wireless sensor and actor network builds an information bridge for the components in the intelligent space, the spatially distributed devices are connected together seamlessly. With this network, robot can share the mass information in the intelligent space and improve its performance with 'light-packs', devices in intelligent space, such as lamp, curtain can be controlled autonomously.

Does electrophysiological testing have any role in risk stratification for sudden cardiac death？

Implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators （ICD） has widely been accepted for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death （SCD） in cardiac arrest survivors.1 Currently there are increasing interests in primary preven- tion of SCD in selected high risk patients who have not experienced cardiac arrest.~ Despite extensive investigation for risk stratification, our current ability to accurately iden- tify patients at high risk for SCD remains very poor. The primary reason is probably due to our limited understand- ing of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ven- trieular tachy-arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death （Fig. 1）.

A snapshot of the Chinese SOL Project

In 2003, the International Solanaceae Project （SOL） was initiated by an international consortium of ten countries including Korea, China, the United Kingdom, India, the Netherlands, France, Japan, Spain, Italy and the United States. The first major effort of the SOL aimed to produce a DNA sequence map for euchromatin regions of 12 chromosomes of tomato （Solanum lycopersicum） before 2010. Here we present an update on Chinese effort for sequencing the euchromatin region of chromosome 3.