Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlook...Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlooked.Here,we obtained 98,419 precise occurrence points for 2442 NT plants in China,and used species richness,species complementarity,and weighted endemism that consider all,endemic and narrow-ranged species in order to identify the diversity hotspots of NT plants.Then we evaluated the conservation effectiveness of current nature reserves for them.Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots of NT plants were mainly confined to southwestern and southern China,and only 35.87% of hotspots and 71.5% of species were protected by nature reserves.Numerous hotspots in southwestern China(e.g.,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Hainan) were identified as conservation gaps.Given that NT plants include large proportions of endemic and narrow-ranged species,they represent an important value in conservation priority.So,more conservation efforts in the future should be tilted towards NT plants.Additionally,when comparing with the recently updated NT list,there are already 87 species raised to threatened categories,while 328 species were lowered to least concern,56 species were now categorized as data deficient,and 119 species considered as uncertain due to changes of scientific names.It is essential to carry out a continuous assessment of species’ threatened categories to realize targeting conservation.展开更多
A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and...A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.展开更多
Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a ...Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a valuable molecular target for the treatment of LUAD.Methods:Using multiple databases,we screened for hub genes in LUAD using Cytoscape and explored the expression and prognosis of DLG associated protein 5(DLGAP5)in LUAD.We investigated the genetic variation,functional enrichment,and epigenetic activity of DLGAP5.Furthermore,we evaluated the relationship between the tumor microenvironment(TME)and DLGAP5.Results:Our study identified 10 hub genes in LUAD:CDC45,KIAA0101,DLGAP5,CDT1,NCAPG,CCNB1,CDCA5,CDC20,KIF11,and AURKA.We discovered that DLGAP5 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in LUAD.DLGAP5 exhibited an overall genetic variation frequency of 2%,and its DNA promoter was hypomethylated in LUAD(p<0.05).The expression of DLGAP5 in LUAD showed a positive correlation with the majority of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylation genes.Additionally,DLGAP5 was primarily associated with the cell cycle in LUAD.Notably,there was a significant favorable association between DLGAP5 and CD274,CTLA4,HAVCR2,and LAG3 in LUAD.Conclusion:DLGAP5 may be a therapeutic target for LUAD,as it affects cancer cells proliferation and development through the regulation of cell-cycle checkpoints and modulation of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME.展开更多
We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase...We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase were searched.We included phase II and III prospective trials, as well as retrospective studies, in which patients diagnosed with RCC were treated with axitinib or sorafenib monotherapy at a starting dose of 5 mg and 400 mg twice daily, respectively.The overall incidence of high grade hypertension, fatigue, gastrointestinal toxicity and hand-foot syndrome, along with their 95% confidence intervals（CI）, were calculated using fixed-or random-effects model according to heterogeneity test results. A total of 26 trials, including 4790 patients, were included in our meta-analysis. Among them, 6 arms were related to axitinib and 22 were associated with sorafenib. The incidences of hypertension（24.9%vs. 7.9%）, fatigue（8.2% vs. 6.6%）, and gastrointestinal toxicity（17.6% vs. 11.3%） were higher in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib, while the incidence of hand-foot syndrome was lower in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib（9.5% vs. 13.3%）. In conclusion, axitinib showed noticeably higher risks of toxicity versus sorafenib. Close monitoring and effective measures for adverse events are recommended during therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Nove...BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Novel techniques are required to assist in planning and navigation.AIM To apply and evaluate the Hisense computer-assisted surgery(CAS)system in PCNL.METHODS A total of 60 patients with complex renal stones were included.Thirty patients in the CAS group had three-dimensional(3 D)virtual models constructed with the CAS system.The model assisted in planning and navigating in the CAS system.Thirty patients in the control group planned and navigated as standard PCNL,without the application of the CAS system.Success rate of one attempt,operation time,initial stone-free rate,decrease in hemoglobin,and complications were collected and analyzed.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics or planning characteristics.The success rate of one puncturing attempt(90%vs 67%,P=0.028)and the initial stone-free rate(87%vs 63%,P=0.037)were significantly higher in the CAS group.However,there were no statistically significant differences in the operation time(89.20±29.60 min vs 92.33±33.08 min,P=0.859)or in the decrease in hemoglobin(11.07±8.32 g/L vs 9.03±11.72 g/L,P=0.300)between the CAS group and the control group.No statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications(Clavien-Dindo grade≥2)were found.CONCLUSION Compared with standard PCNL,CAS-assisted PCNL had advantages in terms of the puncturing success rate and stone-free rate.The Hisense CAS System was recommended to assist in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation for an intuitive,precise and convenient PCNL.展开更多
BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tis...BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tissues of the vulva to varying degrees and can be accompanied by symptoms,such as bleeding and inflammation.Once this complication is present,surgical intervention is needed to resolve it.Therefore,preventing and managing this complication is especially important.CASE SUMMARY The postoperative occurrence of acute enterocele is rare,and a case of acute small bowel vaginosis 2 mo after radical cystectomy with hysterectomy is reported.When the patient was admitted,physical examination revealed that the small bowel was displaced approximately 20 cm because of vaginocele.A team of gynecological,general surgery,and urological surgeons was employed to return the small bowel and repair the lacerated vaginal wall during the emergency operation.Eventually,the patient recovered,and no recurrence was seen in the half year of follow-up.CONCLUSION We review the surgical approach for such patients,analyze high-risk factors for the disease and suggest corresponding preventive measures.展开更多
Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and J...Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and June 2019 were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into observation and control groups according to different treatment methods in chemotherapy.The control group was treated with chemotherapy alone.The observation group was treated Shenmai injection combined with chemotherapy.The treatment effect of the two groups was compared,and the incidence of bone marrow blood and side effects before and after treatment were compared.Results.The therapeutic effect of the observation group was 93.55%which was much higher than that of the control group of 74.19%,P<0.05.The bone marrow blood levels of WBC,PLT and Hb in the observation group before and after treatment were 23.97±3.05,6.76±1.27,69.01±8.15,66.96±9.46,91.07±8.15,89.35±7.46,respectively,compared with the control group.The difference in the situation after treatment was found to be significant.The incidence of toxic side effects such as nausea and vomiting,impaired liver function and renal dysfunction in the observation group was 9.68%,which was lower than that of the control group(32.26%,P<0.05).Conclusion.Shemai injection has significant effects on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia and effectively improves the effect of chemotherapy.展开更多
The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order ...The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order to test cosmological models.These techniques include measuring cosmic flow,measuring two-point correlation and power spectrum of the peculiar velocity fields,and reconstructing the density field using peculiar velocities.However,some measurements from these techniques are biased due to the nonGaussianity of the estimated peculiar velocities.Therefore,we rely on the 2MTF survey to explore a power transform that can Gaussianize the estimated peculiar velocities.We find a tight linear relation between the transformation parameters and the measurement errors of log-distance ratio.To show an example for the implementation of Gaussianized peculiar velocities in cosmology,we develop a bulk flow estimator and estimate bulk flow from the Gaussianized peculiar velocities.We use 2MTF mocks to test the algorithm,and we find the algorithm yields unbiased measurements.We also find this technique gives smaller measurement errors compared to other techniques.In Galactic coordinates,at the depth of 30 h^(-1)Mpc,we measure a bulk flow of 332±27 km s^(-1) in the direction(l,b)=(293°±5°,13°±4°).The measurement is consistent with theΛCDM prediction.展开更多
Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pres...Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pressure-temperature behaviors of rhodochrosite in the presence of iron up to∼34 GPa by in-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ Raman spectroscopy.At relatively low temperature below∼1500 K,MnCO_(3)breaks down into MnO and CO_(2).Upon heating to∼1800 K,however,the MnCO_(3)-Fe^(0)reactions occur with the formation of Mn_(3)O_(4),Fe^(O)and reduced carbon.A'three-stage'reaction mechanism is proposed to understand the kinetics of the carbon-iron-manganese redox coupling.The results suggest that Fe^(0)can serve as a reductant to greatly affect the stability of rhodochrosite,which implies that the effect of Fe-metal should be seriously considered for the high pressure-temperature behaviors of other predominant carbonates at Earth's mantle conditions,particularly at depths greater than∼250 km.展开更多
Importance:Central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI)is one of the most serious complications of central venous access devices.Reducing the risk of CLABSI is of utmost significance in efforts to improve neo...Importance:Central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI)is one of the most serious complications of central venous access devices.Reducing the risk of CLABSI is of utmost significance in efforts to improve neonatal mortality rates and enhance long-term prognosis.Objective:To determine the dwell time and incidence of CLABSI of umbilical venous catheterization(UVC)for preterm infants in China.Methods:Preterm infants with UVC admitted to 44 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in 24 provinces in China were enrolled.Study period was from November 2019 to August 2021.The end point of observations was 48 h after umbilical venous(UV)catheter removal.The primary outcomes were dwell time of UV catheter and UVC-associated CLABSI.Data between infants with UV catheter dwell time≤7 days and>7 days,and with birth weight(BW)≤1000 g and>1000 g were compared.Results:In total,2172 neonates were enrolled(gestational age 30.0±2.4 weeks,BW 1258.5±392.8 g).The median UV catheter dwell time was 7(6–10)days.The incidence of UVC-associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 UV catheter days.For infants with UV catheter dwell time≤7 days and>7 days,the UVC-associated CLABSI incidence was 3.71 and 2.65 per 1000 UV catheter days,respectively,P=0.23.For infants with UVC dwell times of 3–6,7–12,and 13–15 days,the UVC-associated CLABSI rates were 0.14%,0.68%,and 2.48%(P<0.01).The Kaplan–Meier plot of UV catheter dwell time to CLABSI showed no difference between infants with BW≤1000 g and>1000 g(P=0.60).Interpretation:The median dwell time of UV catheter was 7 days,and the incidence of UVC-associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 catheter days in China.The daily risk of UVC-associated CLABSI and other complications increased with the dwell time.展开更多
As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occur...As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occurrence of many chronic diseases.Relevant literature shows that high temperature,low temperature,and highaltitude hypoxia may have negative effects on commensal microorganisms.The stimulation of exercise may aggravate this reaction,which is related to the occurrence of exercise-induced fever and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases.The intervention of probiotics can alleviate the above problems to a certain extent.Therefore,this paper takes exercise in a special environment as the starting point,deeply analyses the intervention effect and potential mechanism of probiotics,and provides the theoretical basis and reference for follow-up research and application of probiotics in sports science.展开更多
Optical lens is of fundamental importance in both scientific researches and industrial communities,especially for the aspects of optical focusing and imaging.In traditional optics,the light modulation property is limi...Optical lens is of fundamental importance in both scientific researches and industrial communities,especially for the aspects of optical focusing and imaging.In traditional optics,the light modulation property is limited by the Rayleigh Criterion(0.61λ/NA),and therefore the development of an ideal lens that produces sub-diffraction limit focusing and imaging has been a dream of lens makers all the time.Intensive展开更多
Background:Return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a core outcome element of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR);however,the definition or criterion of ROSC is disputed and varies in resuscitation for out-of-hospital...Background:Return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a core outcome element of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR);however,the definition or criterion of ROSC is disputed and varies in resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA).Methods:This was a retrospective study of 126 patients with OHCA who achieved ROSC between January and December 2020.The probability of survival after OHCA related to CPR and ROSC duration was analyzed using the probability density function and empirical cumulative density functions.Results:There were no significant differences between ROSC sustained until emergency department arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes in terms of the 24-hour survival rate(31.3%[31/99]vs.35.7%[10/30];P=0.84),30-day survival rate(23.2%[23/99]vs.25.0%[7/30];P=0.99),or survival at 30 days with cerebral performance category(CPC)1 and 2(18.2%[18/99]vs.10.7%[3/30];P=0.44).The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test values from the empirical cumulative density functions with ROSC sustained until hospital arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes were 0.44,0.20,and 0.24 for CPC 1 or 2,CPC 3 or 4,and CPC 5,respectively.Conclusion:Return of spontaneous circulation is a core outcome element of CPR.It should be defined as sustained for at least 20 minutes or until arrival at the emergency department and as a basic standard for evaluating resuscitation success after OHCA.展开更多
Global warming caused by the use of fossil fuels is a common concern of the world today.It is of practical importance to conduct in-depth fundamental research and optimal design for modern engine combustors through Ho...Global warming caused by the use of fossil fuels is a common concern of the world today.It is of practical importance to conduct in-depth fundamental research and optimal design for modern engine combustors through However,complex hydrocarbon chemistry,an indispensable component for predictive modeling,is computahigh-fidelity computational fluid dynamics(CFD),so as to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.tionally demanding,Its application in simulation-based design optimization,although desirable,is quite limited.To address this challenge,we propose a methodology for representing complex chemistry with artificial neural networks(ANNs),which are trained with a comprehensive sample dataset generated by the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)method.With a given chemical kinetic mechanism,the thermochemical sample data is able to cover the whole accessible pressure/temperature/species space in various turbulent flames.The ANN-based model consists of two different layers:the self-organizing map(SOM)and the back-propagation neural network(BPNN).The methodology is demonstrated to represent a 30-species methane chemical mechanism.The obtained ANN model is applied to simulate both a non-premixed turbulent flame(DLR_A)and a partially premixed turbulent flame(Flame D)to validate its applicability for different flames.Results show that the ANN-based chemical kinetics can reduce the computational cost by about two orders of magnitude without loss of accuracy,The proposed methodology can successfully construct an ANN-based chemical mechanism with significant ffciency gain and a broad scope of applicability,and thus holds a great potential for complex hydrocarbon fuels.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071654)The Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Project of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,China (2019HJ2096001006)Biodiversity Survey,Observation and Assessment Program of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (8-3-7-20-9)
文摘Plants classified as Near Threatened(NT) are at high risk of becoming threatened because of anthropogenic interference and climate change.Especially in conservation efforts,such species have however long been overlooked.Here,we obtained 98,419 precise occurrence points for 2442 NT plants in China,and used species richness,species complementarity,and weighted endemism that consider all,endemic and narrow-ranged species in order to identify the diversity hotspots of NT plants.Then we evaluated the conservation effectiveness of current nature reserves for them.Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots of NT plants were mainly confined to southwestern and southern China,and only 35.87% of hotspots and 71.5% of species were protected by nature reserves.Numerous hotspots in southwestern China(e.g.,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guangxi,and Hainan) were identified as conservation gaps.Given that NT plants include large proportions of endemic and narrow-ranged species,they represent an important value in conservation priority.So,more conservation efforts in the future should be tilted towards NT plants.Additionally,when comparing with the recently updated NT list,there are already 87 species raised to threatened categories,while 328 species were lowered to least concern,56 species were now categorized as data deficient,and 119 species considered as uncertain due to changes of scientific names.It is essential to carry out a continuous assessment of species’ threatened categories to realize targeting conservation.
基金supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant 11872078,and Beijing Natural Science Foundation No.3222005.
文摘A micromechanical model is presented to study the initiation and propagation of microcracks of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)in solder joints.The effects of the grain aggregate morphology,the grain boundary defects and the sensitivity of the various cohesive zone parameters in predicting the overall mechanical response are investigated.The overall strength is predominantly determined by the weak grain interfaces;both the grain aggregate morphology and the weak grain interfaces control the crack configuration;the different normal and tangential strengths of grain interfaces result in different intergranular cracking behaviors and play a critical role in determining the macroscopic mechanical response of the system.
基金funded by the supporting funds for scientific research of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University(P20200217202404781).
文摘Introduction:The difficulty in treating lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)is caused by a shortage of knowledge about the biological mechanisms and a lack of treatment choices.Objectives:The aim of this study was to identify a valuable molecular target for the treatment of LUAD.Methods:Using multiple databases,we screened for hub genes in LUAD using Cytoscape and explored the expression and prognosis of DLG associated protein 5(DLGAP5)in LUAD.We investigated the genetic variation,functional enrichment,and epigenetic activity of DLGAP5.Furthermore,we evaluated the relationship between the tumor microenvironment(TME)and DLGAP5.Results:Our study identified 10 hub genes in LUAD:CDC45,KIAA0101,DLGAP5,CDT1,NCAPG,CCNB1,CDCA5,CDC20,KIF11,and AURKA.We discovered that DLGAP5 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis in LUAD.DLGAP5 exhibited an overall genetic variation frequency of 2%,and its DNA promoter was hypomethylated in LUAD(p<0.05).The expression of DLGAP5 in LUAD showed a positive correlation with the majority of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylation genes.Additionally,DLGAP5 was primarily associated with the cell cycle in LUAD.Notably,there was a significant favorable association between DLGAP5 and CD274,CTLA4,HAVCR2,and LAG3 in LUAD.Conclusion:DLGAP5 may be a therapeutic target for LUAD,as it affects cancer cells proliferation and development through the regulation of cell-cycle checkpoints and modulation of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81773554 to H. Yu)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant for Young Scientists (81302512 to J. Bai)
文摘We sought to investigate safety of axitinib or sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma（RCC） patients and compare toxicity of these two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors. Databases of PubMed and Embase were searched.We included phase II and III prospective trials, as well as retrospective studies, in which patients diagnosed with RCC were treated with axitinib or sorafenib monotherapy at a starting dose of 5 mg and 400 mg twice daily, respectively.The overall incidence of high grade hypertension, fatigue, gastrointestinal toxicity and hand-foot syndrome, along with their 95% confidence intervals（CI）, were calculated using fixed-or random-effects model according to heterogeneity test results. A total of 26 trials, including 4790 patients, were included in our meta-analysis. Among them, 6 arms were related to axitinib and 22 were associated with sorafenib. The incidences of hypertension（24.9%vs. 7.9%）, fatigue（8.2% vs. 6.6%）, and gastrointestinal toxicity（17.6% vs. 11.3%） were higher in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib, while the incidence of hand-foot syndrome was lower in patients receiving axitinib versus those receiving sorafenib（9.5% vs. 13.3%）. In conclusion, axitinib showed noticeably higher risks of toxicity versus sorafenib. Close monitoring and effective measures for adverse events are recommended during therapy.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program in Chinese Medicine of Shandong Province,No.2020M074。
文摘BACKGROUND Most complex renal stones are managed primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).However,PCNL is still a great challenge for surgeons because of poor comprehension on complex adjacent structures.Novel techniques are required to assist in planning and navigation.AIM To apply and evaluate the Hisense computer-assisted surgery(CAS)system in PCNL.METHODS A total of 60 patients with complex renal stones were included.Thirty patients in the CAS group had three-dimensional(3 D)virtual models constructed with the CAS system.The model assisted in planning and navigating in the CAS system.Thirty patients in the control group planned and navigated as standard PCNL,without the application of the CAS system.Success rate of one attempt,operation time,initial stone-free rate,decrease in hemoglobin,and complications were collected and analyzed.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics or planning characteristics.The success rate of one puncturing attempt(90%vs 67%,P=0.028)and the initial stone-free rate(87%vs 63%,P=0.037)were significantly higher in the CAS group.However,there were no statistically significant differences in the operation time(89.20±29.60 min vs 92.33±33.08 min,P=0.859)or in the decrease in hemoglobin(11.07±8.32 g/L vs 9.03±11.72 g/L,P=0.300)between the CAS group and the control group.No statistically significant differences in the incidence of complications(Clavien-Dindo grade≥2)were found.CONCLUSION Compared with standard PCNL,CAS-assisted PCNL had advantages in terms of the puncturing success rate and stone-free rate.The Hisense CAS System was recommended to assist in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation for an intuitive,precise and convenient PCNL.
文摘BACKGROUND After undergoing radical cystectomy combined with hysterectomy,female patients may suffer from pelvic organ prolapse due to the destruction of pelvic structures,which mainly manifests as the prolapse of tissues of the vulva to varying degrees and can be accompanied by symptoms,such as bleeding and inflammation.Once this complication is present,surgical intervention is needed to resolve it.Therefore,preventing and managing this complication is especially important.CASE SUMMARY The postoperative occurrence of acute enterocele is rare,and a case of acute small bowel vaginosis 2 mo after radical cystectomy with hysterectomy is reported.When the patient was admitted,physical examination revealed that the small bowel was displaced approximately 20 cm because of vaginocele.A team of gynecological,general surgery,and urological surgeons was employed to return the small bowel and repair the lacerated vaginal wall during the emergency operation.Eventually,the patient recovered,and no recurrence was seen in the half year of follow-up.CONCLUSION We review the surgical approach for such patients,analyze high-risk factors for the disease and suggest corresponding preventive measures.
文摘Objective.To study the effect of Shenmai injection on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia.Methods.Sixty-two patients with acute leukemia admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and June 2019 were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into observation and control groups according to different treatment methods in chemotherapy.The control group was treated with chemotherapy alone.The observation group was treated Shenmai injection combined with chemotherapy.The treatment effect of the two groups was compared,and the incidence of bone marrow blood and side effects before and after treatment were compared.Results.The therapeutic effect of the observation group was 93.55%which was much higher than that of the control group of 74.19%,P<0.05.The bone marrow blood levels of WBC,PLT and Hb in the observation group before and after treatment were 23.97±3.05,6.76±1.27,69.01±8.15,66.96±9.46,91.07±8.15,89.35±7.46,respectively,compared with the control group.The difference in the situation after treatment was found to be significant.The incidence of toxic side effects such as nausea and vomiting,impaired liver function and renal dysfunction in the observation group was 9.68%,which was lower than that of the control group(32.26%,P<0.05).Conclusion.Shemai injection has significant effects on the efficacy and side effects of chemotherapy in acute leukemia and effectively improves the effect of chemotherapy.
基金supported by the project“Understanding Dark Universe Using Large Scale Structure of the Universe”,funded by the Ministry of Science。
文摘The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field.Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order to test cosmological models.These techniques include measuring cosmic flow,measuring two-point correlation and power spectrum of the peculiar velocity fields,and reconstructing the density field using peculiar velocities.However,some measurements from these techniques are biased due to the nonGaussianity of the estimated peculiar velocities.Therefore,we rely on the 2MTF survey to explore a power transform that can Gaussianize the estimated peculiar velocities.We find a tight linear relation between the transformation parameters and the measurement errors of log-distance ratio.To show an example for the implementation of Gaussianized peculiar velocities in cosmology,we develop a bulk flow estimator and estimate bulk flow from the Gaussianized peculiar velocities.We use 2MTF mocks to test the algorithm,and we find the algorithm yields unbiased measurements.We also find this technique gives smaller measurement errors compared to other techniques.In Galactic coordinates,at the depth of 30 h^(-1)Mpc,we measure a bulk flow of 332±27 km s^(-1) in the direction(l,b)=(293°±5°,13°±4°).The measurement is consistent with theΛCDM prediction.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072047,41772034).
文摘Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon cycle.Here we investigate the high pressure-temperature behaviors of rhodochrosite in the presence of iron up to∼34 GPa by in-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ Raman spectroscopy.At relatively low temperature below∼1500 K,MnCO_(3)breaks down into MnO and CO_(2).Upon heating to∼1800 K,however,the MnCO_(3)-Fe^(0)reactions occur with the formation of Mn_(3)O_(4),Fe^(O)and reduced carbon.A'three-stage'reaction mechanism is proposed to understand the kinetics of the carbon-iron-manganese redox coupling.The results suggest that Fe^(0)can serve as a reductant to greatly affect the stability of rhodochrosite,which implies that the effect of Fe-metal should be seriously considered for the high pressure-temperature behaviors of other predominant carbonates at Earth's mantle conditions,particularly at depths greater than∼250 km.
基金Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research,Grant/Award Number:2022-2-2095。
文摘Importance:Central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI)is one of the most serious complications of central venous access devices.Reducing the risk of CLABSI is of utmost significance in efforts to improve neonatal mortality rates and enhance long-term prognosis.Objective:To determine the dwell time and incidence of CLABSI of umbilical venous catheterization(UVC)for preterm infants in China.Methods:Preterm infants with UVC admitted to 44 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in 24 provinces in China were enrolled.Study period was from November 2019 to August 2021.The end point of observations was 48 h after umbilical venous(UV)catheter removal.The primary outcomes were dwell time of UV catheter and UVC-associated CLABSI.Data between infants with UV catheter dwell time≤7 days and>7 days,and with birth weight(BW)≤1000 g and>1000 g were compared.Results:In total,2172 neonates were enrolled(gestational age 30.0±2.4 weeks,BW 1258.5±392.8 g).The median UV catheter dwell time was 7(6–10)days.The incidence of UVC-associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 UV catheter days.For infants with UV catheter dwell time≤7 days and>7 days,the UVC-associated CLABSI incidence was 3.71 and 2.65 per 1000 UV catheter days,respectively,P=0.23.For infants with UVC dwell times of 3–6,7–12,and 13–15 days,the UVC-associated CLABSI rates were 0.14%,0.68%,and 2.48%(P<0.01).The Kaplan–Meier plot of UV catheter dwell time to CLABSI showed no difference between infants with BW≤1000 g and>1000 g(P=0.60).Interpretation:The median dwell time of UV catheter was 7 days,and the incidence of UVC-associated CLABSI was 3.03/1000 catheter days in China.The daily risk of UVC-associated CLABSI and other complications increased with the dwell time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11775059)National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2019YFF0301600).
文摘As an invisible“endocrine organ”,gut microbiota is widely involved in the regulation of nervous system,endocrine system,circulatory system,and digestive system.It is also closely related to host health and the occurrence of many chronic diseases.Relevant literature shows that high temperature,low temperature,and highaltitude hypoxia may have negative effects on commensal microorganisms.The stimulation of exercise may aggravate this reaction,which is related to the occurrence of exercise-induced fever and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases.The intervention of probiotics can alleviate the above problems to a certain extent.Therefore,this paper takes exercise in a special environment as the starting point,deeply analyses the intervention effect and potential mechanism of probiotics,and provides the theoretical basis and reference for follow-up research and application of probiotics in sports science.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation,Prime Minister's Office,Singapore under its Competitive Research Program(Grant No.NRF-CRP10-2012-04)
文摘Optical lens is of fundamental importance in both scientific researches and industrial communities,especially for the aspects of optical focusing and imaging.In traditional optics,the light modulation property is limited by the Rayleigh Criterion(0.61λ/NA),and therefore the development of an ideal lens that produces sub-diffraction limit focusing and imaging has been a dream of lens makers all the time.Intensive
基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project(Z191100004419003)the National Science and Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Project(2018FY100600)+1 种基金the Capital Medical Development Research Fund(2022-1-3031)the Beijing Public Health High-level Scholars Development Program(2022-1-001).
文摘Background:Return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)is a core outcome element of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR);however,the definition or criterion of ROSC is disputed and varies in resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA).Methods:This was a retrospective study of 126 patients with OHCA who achieved ROSC between January and December 2020.The probability of survival after OHCA related to CPR and ROSC duration was analyzed using the probability density function and empirical cumulative density functions.Results:There were no significant differences between ROSC sustained until emergency department arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes in terms of the 24-hour survival rate(31.3%[31/99]vs.35.7%[10/30];P=0.84),30-day survival rate(23.2%[23/99]vs.25.0%[7/30];P=0.99),or survival at 30 days with cerebral performance category(CPC)1 and 2(18.2%[18/99]vs.10.7%[3/30];P=0.44).The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test values from the empirical cumulative density functions with ROSC sustained until hospital arrival and that sustained for at least 20 minutes were 0.44,0.20,and 0.24 for CPC 1 or 2,CPC 3 or 4,and CPC 5,respectively.Conclusion:Return of spontaneous circulation is a core outcome element of CPR.It should be defined as sustained for at least 20 minutes or until arrival at the emergency department and as a basic standard for evaluating resuscitation success after OHCA.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.21474035and 51773072)the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Experts,the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)Innovation Research Fund (Nos. 2016JCTD 111and 2017KFKJXX012)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Hubei Province (No.2017AHB040) China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (No.2016M602289).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52025062)Simulations are performed with the computational resources from the Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology.
文摘Global warming caused by the use of fossil fuels is a common concern of the world today.It is of practical importance to conduct in-depth fundamental research and optimal design for modern engine combustors through However,complex hydrocarbon chemistry,an indispensable component for predictive modeling,is computahigh-fidelity computational fluid dynamics(CFD),so as to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.tionally demanding,Its application in simulation-based design optimization,although desirable,is quite limited.To address this challenge,we propose a methodology for representing complex chemistry with artificial neural networks(ANNs),which are trained with a comprehensive sample dataset generated by the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)method.With a given chemical kinetic mechanism,the thermochemical sample data is able to cover the whole accessible pressure/temperature/species space in various turbulent flames.The ANN-based model consists of two different layers:the self-organizing map(SOM)and the back-propagation neural network(BPNN).The methodology is demonstrated to represent a 30-species methane chemical mechanism.The obtained ANN model is applied to simulate both a non-premixed turbulent flame(DLR_A)and a partially premixed turbulent flame(Flame D)to validate its applicability for different flames.Results show that the ANN-based chemical kinetics can reduce the computational cost by about two orders of magnitude without loss of accuracy,The proposed methodology can successfully construct an ANN-based chemical mechanism with significant ffciency gain and a broad scope of applicability,and thus holds a great potential for complex hydrocarbon fuels.
