分化抑制因子家族在慢性髓系白血病中的表达及临床意义

目的:探索分化抑制因子(inhibitor of differentiation,ID)家族在慢性髓系白血病(chronic myeloid leukemia,CML)中的表达和启动子甲基化水平,并分析其临床意义。方法:应用定量PCR及定量甲基化特异性PCR的方法检测2010年1月至2017年12月期间江苏大学附属人民医院就诊的非恶性血液病患者(对照组)和CML患者骨髓单个核细胞中ID2/ID3/ID4表达及ID4启动子甲基化水平,通过分组分析ID家族异常的临床意义。结果:ID2及ID3表达在CML患者中均呈现显著上调(P<0.001,P<0.05),而ID4表达在CML患者中呈现显著下调(P<0.01)。其中,接受者操作特征曲线分析揭示ID2表达可作为CML鉴别的潜在分子标志物(AUC=0.895,P<0.001)。CML患者中ID4启动子高甲基化概率显著高于对照组患者(P=0.001),且ID4启动子甲基化与ID4表达呈现负相关(r=-0.424,P=0.002)。通过分组分析发现ID2高表达较易发生于男性患者中(P=0.040);ID4低表达/高甲基化较易发生于加速/急变期患者(P=0.003,P<0.001)。此外,CML加速/急变期患者ID4表达水平低于慢性期患者(P<0.001),而ID4甲基化水平高于慢性期患者(P<0.001)。通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析发现ID4高甲基化是CML患者疾病进展的独立危险因素(P=0.007)。结论:ID家族在CML患者中表达态势不同,其中ID2/ID3表达上调;而ID4表达下调,与ID4启动子高甲基化相关。ID4表达/甲基化与CML疾病进展相关,其中ID4甲基化可能是CML疾病进展的独立危险因素。

O-PIRTAS翻转课堂在有机化学课程中的实践与探索

有机化学是我校临床专业本科生的基础课程,对学生后续专业课的学习具有重要的“桥梁”作用。然而有机化学理论抽象,知识点众多,学生不易理解与掌握。针对传统课堂中存在的教学问题,本文采用O-PIRTAS翻转课堂这一新模式,结合有机化学教学特点,以具体的羧酸章节为例,对课堂教学进行重新设计,旨在探究该模式在有机化学课程中的应用,继而有利于提高教学效果。

Stress corrosion cracking behavior of buried oil and gas pipeline steel under the coexistence of magnetic field and sulfate-reducing bacteria

Magnetic field and microorganisms are important factors influencing the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of buried oil and gas pipelines. Once SCC occurs in buried pipelines, it will cause serious hazards to the soil environment. The SCC behavior of X80 pipeline steel under the magnetic field and sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) environment was investigated by immersion tests, electrochemical tests, and slow strain rate tensile(SSRT) tests. The results showed that the corrosion and SCC sensitivity of X80 steel decreased with increasing the magnetic field strength in the sterile environment. The SCC sensitivity was higher in the biotic environment inoculated with SRB, but it also decreased with increasing magnetic field strength, which was due to the magnetic field reduces microbial activity and promotes the formation of dense film layer. This work provided theoretical guidance on the prevention of SCC in pipeline steel under magnetic field and SRB coexistence.

Surface encapsulation of layered oxide cathode material with NiTiO_(3) for enhanced cycling stability of Na-ion batteries

In Na-ion batteries,O3-type layered oxide cathode materials encounter challenges such as particle cracking,oxygen loss,electrolyte side reactions,and multi-phase transitions during the charge/discharge process.This study focuses on surface coating with NiTiO_(3) achieved via secondary heat treatment using a coating precursor and the surface material.Through in-situ x-ray diffraction(XRD)and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS),along with crystal structure characterizations of post-cycling materials,it was determined that the NiTiO_(3) coating layer facilitates the formation of a stable lattice structure,effectively inhibiting lattice oxygen loss and reducing side reaction with the electrolyte.This enhancement in cycling stability was evidenced by a capacity retention of approximately 74%over 300 cycles at 1 C,marking a significant 30%improvement over the initial sample.Furthermore,notable advancements in rate performance were observed.Experimental results indicate that a stable and robust surface structure substantially enhances the overall stability of the bulk phase,presenting a novel approach for designing layered oxide cathodes with higher energy density.

Colorectal cancer’s burden attributable to a diet high in processed meat in the Belt and Road Initiative countries

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)plays a significant role in morbidity,mortality,and economic cost in the Belt and Road Initiative(“B and R”)countries.In addition,these countries have a substantial consumption of processed meat.However,the burden and trend of CRC in relation to the consumption of a diet high in processed meat(DHPM-CRC)in these“B and R”countries remain unknown.AIM To analyze the burden and trend of DHPM-CRC in the“B and R”countries from 1990 to 2019.METHODS We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study to collate information regarding the burden of DHPM-CRC.Numbers and age-standardized rates(ASRs)of deaths along with the disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)were determined among the“B and R”countries in 1990 and 2019.Using joinpoint regression analysis,the average annual percent change(AAPC)was used to analyze the temporal trends of age-standardized DALYs rate(ASDALR)from 1990 to 2019 and in the final decade(2010–2019).RESULTS We found geographical differences in the burden of DHPM-CRC among“B and R”countries,with the three highest-ranking countries being the Russian Federation,China,and Ukraine in 1990,and China,the Russian Federation,and Poland in 2019.The burden of DHPM-CRC generally increased in most member countries from 1990 to 2019(all P<0.05).The absolute number of deaths and DALYs in DHPM-CRC were 3151.15[95%uncertainty interval(UI)665.74-5696.64]and 83249.31(95%UI 15628.64-151956.31)in China in 2019.However,the number of deaths(2627.57-2528.51)and DALYs(65867.39-55378.65)for DHPM-CRC in the Russian Federation has declined.The fastest increase in ASDALR for DHPM-CRC was observed in Vietnam,Southeast Asia,with an AAPC value of 3.90%[95%confidence interval(CI):3.63%-4.16%],whereas the fastest decline was observed in Kyrgyzstan,Central Asia,with an AAPC value of-2.05%(95%CI:-2.37%to-1.73%).A substantial upward trend in ASR of mortality,years lived with disability,years of life lost,and DALYs from DHPM-CRC changes in 1990-2019 and the final decade(2010-2019)for most Maritime Silk Route members in East Asia,South Asia,Southeast Asia,North Africa,and the Middle East,as well as Central Europe,while those of the most Land Silk Route members in Central Asia and Eastern Europe have decreased markedly(all P<0.05).The ASDALR for DHPM-CRC increased more in males than in females(all P<0.05).For those aged 50-74 years,the ASDALR for DHPM-CRC in 40 members exhibited an increasing trend,except for 20 members,including 7 members in Central Asia,Maldives,and 12 high or high-middle social development index(SDI)members in other regions(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The burden of DHPM-CRC varies substantially across“B and R”countries and threatens public health.Relevant evidence-based policies and interventions tailored to the different trends of countries in SDIs or Silk Routes should be adopted to reduce the future burden of CRC in“B and R”countries via extensive collaboration.

Gas microchannel plate-pixel detector for X-ray polarimetry

POLAR-2 is a gamma-ray burst(GRB)polarimeter that is designed to study the polarization in GRB radiation emissions,aiming to improve our knowledge of related mechanisms.POLAR-2 is expected to utilize an on-board polarimeter that is sensitive to soft X-rays(2-10 keV),called low-energy polarization detector.We have developed a new soft X-ray polari-zation detector prototype based on gas microchannel plates(GMCPs)and pixel chips(Topmetal).The GMCPs have bulk resistance,which prevents charging-up effects and ensures gain stability during operation.The detector is composed of low outgassing materials and is gas-sealed using a laser welding technique,ensuring long-term stability.A modulation factor of 41.28%±0.64% is obtained for a 4.5 keV polarized X-ray beam.A residual modulation of 1.96%±0.58% at 5.9 keV is observed for the entire sensitive area.

Polarization Study of Swift J151857.0–572147 with IXPE Observation

We present an analysis of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer observation from a newly discovered transient source:Swift J151857.0-572147.The obtained polarization degree(PD)and angle are 0.3%±0.3% and -24°±26°respectively in 2-8 keV within 68%confidence level errors,and polarization results are below MDP99in all energy bins,with the upper limit on PD of 0.8% in the 2-8 keV energy range.No quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)are detected in this observation.The polarization and QPO analyses support the hypothesis that the source was in the high soft state,and the results are consistent with predictions for a thin accretion disk model.

Conceptual design and safety characteristics of a new multi-mission high flux research reactor

Research reactors with neutron fluxes higher than 10^(14) n cm^(−2) s^(−1) are widely used in nuclear fuel and material irradiation,neutron-based scientific research,and medical and industrial isotope production.Such high flux research reactors are not only important scientific research facilities for the development of nuclear energy but also represent the national comprehensive technical capability.China has several high flux research reactors that do not satisfy the requirements of nuclear energy development.A high flux research reactor has the following features:a compact core arrangement,high power density,plate-type fuel elements,a short refueling cycle,and high coolant velocity in the core.These characteristics make it difficult to simultaneously realize high neutron flux and optimal safety margin.A new multi-mission high flux research reactor was designed by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology at Tsinghua University in China;the reactor can simul-taneously realize an average neutron flux higher than 2.0×10^(15) n cm^(−2) s^(−1) and fulfill the current safety criterion.This high flux research reactor features advanced design concepts and has sufficient safety margins according to the preliminary safety analysis.Based on the analysis of the station blackout accident,loss of coolant accident,and reactivity accident of a single-control drum rotating out accidently,the maximum temperature of the cladding surface,minimum departure from nucleate boiling ratio,and temperature difference to the onset of nucleate boiling temperature satisfy the design limits.

Role of Stratospheric Processes in Climate Change: Advances and Challenges

In this review,instead of summarizing all the advances and progress achieved in stratospheric research,the main advances and new developments in stratosphere-troposphere coupling and stratospheric chemistry-climate interactions are summarized,and some outstanding issues and grand challenges are discussed.A consensus has been reached that the stratospheric state is an important source of improving the predictability of the troposphere on sub-seasonal to seasonal(S2S)time scales and beyond.However,applying stratospheric signals in operational S2S forecast models remains a challenge because of model deficiencies and the complexities of the underlying mechanisms of stratosphere-troposphere coupling.Stratospheric chemistry,which controls the magnitude and distribution of many important climate-forcing agents,plays a critical role in global climate change.Convincing evidence has been found that stratospheric ozone depletion and recovery have caused significant tropospheric climate changes,and more recent studies have revealed that stratospheric ozone variations can even exert an impact on SSTs and sea ice.The climatic impacts of stratospheric aerosols and water vapor are also important.Although their quantitative contributions to radiative forcing have been reasonably well quantified,there still exist large uncertainties in their long-term impacts on climate.The advances and new levels of understanding presented in this review suggest that whole-atmosphere interactions need to be considered in future for a better and more thorough understanding of stratosphere-troposphere coupling and its role in climate change.

氧化还原活性配体的电子效应对钌催化水氧化反应的影响

水氧化(2H_(2)O→4e^(-)+4H^(+)+O_(2)↑)是自然以及人工光合作用系统中的关键半反应,为还原过程提供反应所必需的质子和电子.但水氧化反应在热力学和动力学上的固有挑战以及对O-O键生成步骤的有限机理认识,使其成为构筑高效人工光合系统的瓶颈.为此,人们开发了大量的金属催化剂,利用金属中心活化水分子,并生成活性金属氧物种以促进O-O键的生成.其间,金属中心往往需要达到极高的氧化态,进而导致生成的高价金属氧化物具有极高的催化活性,极易诱导催化剂降解等副反应的发生,难以兼顾活性和稳定性.因此,深入认识和理解水氧化反应的催化过程及O-O键的生成机制是突破该领域瓶颈的重点.氧化还原活性配体与金属的协同作用被认为是调节电荷累积过程、平衡催化剂活性与稳定性的有效策略,受到了广泛的关注.然而,氧化还原活性配体调节金属催化中心活性的机理仍有待进一步阐明.近期,本研究组发展了一类具有氧化活性配体的单核钌水氧化催化剂[(L_H^((N5-)))Ru^(Ⅲ)-OH]^(+),初步机理研究表明配体的氧化有效地承担了电荷累积,提出了水分子亲核进攻Ru~Ⅳ=O形成O-O键的反应机制.但氧化还原配体的电子效应如何影响催化中心的反应性及其调控规律有待深入研究.本文设计了一系列具有不同取代基的单核钌催化剂[(L_R^(N5-))Ru^(Ⅲ)-OH]^(+)(R=OMe,3a;Me,3b;H,3c;F,3d;CF_(3),3e),利用电化学、线性自由能关系以及理论计算等方法考察了配体的电子效应对催化中心活性的调控规律,并为配体协助下的Ru~Ⅳ=O催化O-O成键提供了实验证据.电化学测试结果表明,在碳酸丙烯酯溶液和0.1 mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH=7.0)中催化剂均表现出三个连续的氧化峰,并且配体的取代基效应对其氧化还原电势和催化行为均有显著影响.但氧化还原电势与取代基常数(σ_(para))的线性相关结果表明,三个连续的氧化过程表现出了不同的电子效应依赖程度,第三个氧化过程对电子效应的依赖程度明显高于前两个.因此三个氧化过程依次被归属为金属中心Ru~(Ⅲ/Ⅱ)(E(Ru~Ⅲ-OH/Ru^(Ⅱ)-OH_(2))),Ru^(Ⅳ/Ⅲ)(E(Ru~Ⅳ=O/Ru~Ⅲ-OH))以及配体中心L^(+·)/L(E{[(L^(N5-))^(+·)Ru^(Ⅳ)=O]^((2+))/[(L^(N5-))Ru^(Ⅳ)=O]^(+}))的氧化.催化剂性能测试结果表明,催化活性和催化过电位均与配体取代基常数(σ_(para))具有良好的线性关系.随着取代基吸电子能力的增强,催化剂的转化频率逐渐增大;随着取代基给电子能力的增加,催化剂的催化过电位也逐渐降低.实验结果表明,氧化还原配体的电子效应可以有效地调控催化剂的催化活性与过电位.电位与pH相关实验结果表明,起始的[(L_R~(N5-))Ru~Ⅲ-OH]~+催化剂经历两电子、一质子转移后形成配体氧化的活性中间体[(L^((N5-)))^(+·)Ru^(Ⅳ)=O]^(2+),并进一步与水反应生成O-O键.H/D同位素动力学效应及缓冲溶液碱效应证实了水分子亲核进攻[(L^(N5-))^(+·)Ru^(Ⅳ)=O]^(2+)形成O-O键的机制.理论计算研究表明,配体的取代基有效调节了该O-O成键过程的活化能,进而调控了该决速步的反应速率和催化过电位.综上,本文详细阐释了如何通过氧化还原活性配体获得易生成、高活性的金属氧物种,并调控Ru~Ⅳ=O中间体对O-O键生成的催化活性,也为具有低过电位的水氧化催化剂的理性设计和机制研究提供了参考.

Increasing Surface UV Radiation in the Tropics and Northern Mid-Latitudes due to Ozone Depletion after 2010

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet(UV)radiation harms humans and ecosystems.The level of surface UV radiation had increased due to declines in stratospheric ozone in the late 1970s in response to emissions of chlorofluorocarbons.Following the implementation of the Montreal Protocol,the stratospheric loading of chlorine/bromine peaked in the late 1990s and then decreased;subsequently,stratospheric ozone and surface UV radiation would be expected to recover and decrease,respectively.Here,we show,based on multiple data sources,that the May–September surface UV radiation in the tropics and Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes has undergone a statistically significant increasing trend[about 60.0 J m^(–2)(10 yr)^(–1)]at the 2σlevel for the period 2010–20,due to the onset of total column ozone(TCO)depletion[about−3.5 DU(10 yr)^(–1)].Further analysis shows that the declines in stratospheric ozone after 2010 could be related to an increase in stratospheric nitrogen oxides due to increasing emissions of the source gas nitrous oxide(N_(2)O).

The Influence of Meridional Variation in North Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies on the Arctic Stratospheric Polar Vortex

This study examines the dependence of Arctic stratospheric polar vortex(SPV)variations on the meridional positions of the sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies associated with the first leading mode of North Pacific SST.The principal component 1(PC1)of the first leading mode is obtained by empirical orthogonal function decomposition.Reanalysis data,numerical experiments,and CMIP5 model outputs all suggest that the PC1 events(positive-minus-negative PC1 events),located relatively northward(i.e.,North PC1 events),more easily weaken the Arctic SPV compared to the PC1 events located relatively southward(i.e.,South PC1 events).The analysis indicates that the North PC1-related Aleutian low anomaly is located over the northern North Pacific and thus enhances the climatological trough,which strengthens the planetary-scale wave 1 at mid-to-high latitudes and thereby weakens the SPV.The weakened stratospheric circulation further extends into the troposphere and favors negative surface temperature anomalies over Eurasia.By contrast,the South PC1-related Aleutian low anomaly is located relatively southward,and its constructive interference with the climatological trough is less efficient at high latitudes.Thus,the South PC1 events could not induce an evident enhancement of the planetary-scale waves at high latitudes and thereby a weakening of the SPV on average.The Eurasian cooling associated with South PC1 events(positive-minus-negative PC1 events)is also not prominent.The results of this study suggest that the meridional positions of the PC1 events may be useful for predicting the Arctic SPV and Eurasian surface temperature variations.

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of the stomach:A rare case report

BACKGROUND Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma(EES)is a rare and highly malignant small round cell tumor associated with a poor clinical outcome.Ewing sarcoma(ES)involving the stomach is an uncommon presentation and can be easily confused with other small round cell tumors.We herein present a rare case of ES involving the gastric area.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of gastric ES in a 19-year-old female patient who initially presented with a complaint of a tender epigastric mass for 5 d.Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a soft-tissue-density mass with a diameter of 8.5 cm between the liver and stomach;the mass was connected to the gastric antrum.Then,the mass was surgically excised completely.Upon histopathological,immunophenotype and molecular analysis,the mass was identified to be a primary gastric ES.CONCLUSION EES is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis.Therefore,early diagnosis and timely intervention are essential for a good prognosis.It is imperative for us to raise awareness about this rare tumor.Surgical resection is still the best treatment option.

Association analysis of BclI with benign lymphoepithelial lesions of the lacrimal gland and glucocorticoids resistance

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between gene polymorphism(BclI,ER22/23EK,N363S)and the occurrence,progression and sensitivity to glucocorticoid of lacrimal gland benign lymphoepithelial lesion(LGBLEL).METHODS:Clinical peripheral blood samples of 52 LGBLEL patients and 10 normal volunteers were collected for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction sequencing to analyze single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)genotypes.The lacrimal tissues of LGBLEL were surgically removed and made into paraffin sections for subsequent hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining analysis.The duration of disease and hormone use of LGBLEL patients from diagnosis to surgery were also analyzed.The Meta-analysis follows PRISMA guidelines to conducted a systematic review of human studies investigating the relationship between the NR3C1 BclI polymorphism and glucocorticoids(GCs)sensitivity.RESULTS:There was no association between ER22/23EK or N363S and the occurrence of LGBLEL or GCs sensitivity(P>0.05);BclI GC genotype was closely related to GCs resistance(P=0.03)as is the minor allele C(P=0.0017).The HE staining and Masson staining showed that the GC genotype of BclI remarkably slowed down the disease progression and reduced fibrosis(P<0.05),especially for GCs-dependent patients(P<0.0001).Meta-analysis showed that BclI was not significantly associated with GCs responsiveness.CONCLUSION:The LGBLEL patients who carry the NR3C1 BclI allele C may be more sensitive to GCs and associated with lower fibrosis and slower disease progression.The results may guide the clinical treatment strategy for the LGBLEL patients.

Diagnosis of Disc Space Variation Fault Degree of Transformer Winding Based on K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

Winding is one of themost important components in power transformers.Ensuring the health state of the winding is of great importance to the stable operation of the power system.To efficiently and accurately diagnose the disc space variation(DSV)fault degree of transformer winding,this paper presents a diagnostic method of winding fault based on the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithmand the frequency response analysis(FRA)method.First,a laboratory winding model is used,and DSV faults with four different degrees are achieved by changing disc space of the discs in the winding.Then,a series of FRA tests are conducted to obtain the FRA results and set up the FRA dataset.Second,ten different numerical indices are utilized to obtain features of FRA curves of faulted winding.Third,the 10-fold cross-validation method is employed to determine the optimal k-value of KNN.In addition,to improve the accuracy of the KNN model,a comparative analysis is made between the accuracy of the KNN algorithm and k-value under four distance functions.After getting the most appropriate distance metric and kvalue,the fault classificationmodel based on theKNN and FRA is constructed and it is used to classify the degrees of DSV faults.The identification accuracy rate of the proposed model is up to 98.30%.Finally,the performance of the model is presented by comparing with the support vector machine(SVM),SVM optimized by the particle swarmoptimization(PSO-SVM)method,and randomforest(RF).The results show that the diagnosis accuracy of the proposed model is the highest and the model can be used to accurately diagnose the DSV fault degrees of the winding.

Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Preterm Infants Breastfeeding in Jingzhou 3A Hospital

Background: Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for premature infants and a “good medicine” for disease treatment. However, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding of premature infants in China still needs to be improved at present, and the factors affecting breastfeeding are different in different places. Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of preterm infants breastfeeding in Jingzhou 3A hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect breastfeeding information of premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May to August in 2019 in Jingzhou 3A Hospital, and 152 premature infants’ related information were collected. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the mothers who failed to breastfeed. Results: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding among premature infants in NICU was 9.87%. The rates of first breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding at discharge were 13.16% and 32.89% respectively. Not producing enough milk and knowing the right way to pump breast milk contributed a lot to the failure of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: More attention should be paid to the health education and management to improve the rate of breastfeeding in NICU.

Application of Case Combined with Seminar Teaching Method in Pediatric Nursing

Objective: To explore the application effect of case combined with seminar teaching method in Pediatric Nursing. Methods: Two classes in junior year were selected by convenience sampling in 2022, and the two classes were randomly divided into the intervention group and control group by tossing a coin. The intervention group utilized the case combined with seminar teaching method, while the control group used the traditional teaching-based method. The stage test average score, final exam results were compared after the end of the course. The autonomous learning ability evaluation scale and the Chinese critical thinking ability scale were used to attain students’ autonomous learning ability and critical thinking ability before and after the course. The self-made evaluation scale was used to know students’ evaluation of the new teaching method after the course. Results: 1) The stage test average scores of the intervention group and the control group were 79.13 ± 6.39 and 74.67 ± 5.25 respectively (P , the final exam scores were 79.83 ± 6.09 and 75.21 ± 4.91 respectively (P < 0.05);2) The total scores of autonomous learning ability were 118.67 ± 7.70 and 106.49 ± 7.67 respectively (P , and the total scores of critical thinking ability were 283.45 ± 7.82 and 251.37 ± 8.93 respectively (P < 0.05);3) More than 80% of the students in the intervention group believed that the case combined with seminar teaching method could deepen the understanding of knowledge, promote the habit of thinking and literature consulting, and improve the ability to analyze and solve problems, integrate knowledge and communicate and coordinate. Conclusions: Application of case combined with seminar teaching method in Pediatric Nursing improved the students’ autonomous learning ability and critical thinking ability, and strengthened the students’ understanding and application of knowledge. The students had a positive attitude towards the new teaching method.

Decadal Indian Ocean Dipolar Variability and Its Relationship with the Tropical Pacific

A robust decadal Indian Ocean dipolar variability （DIOD） is identified in observations and found to be related to tropical Pacific decadal variability （TPDV）. A Pacific Ocean-global atmosphere （POGA） experiment, with fixed radiative forcing, is conducted to evaluate the DIOD variability and its relationship with the TPDV. In this experiment, the sea surface temperature anomalies are restored to observations over the tropical Pacific, but left as interactive with the atmosphere elsewhere. The TPDV-forced DIOD, represented as the ensemble mean of 10 simulations in POGA, accounts for one third of the total variance. The forced DIOD is triggered by anomalous Walker circulation in response to the TPDV and develops following Bjerknes feedback. Thermocline anomalies do not exhibit a propagating signal, indicating an absence of oceanic planetary wave adjustment in the subtropical Indian Ocean. The DIOD-TPDV correlation differs among the 10 simulations, with a low correlation corresponding to a strong internal DIOD independent of the TPDV. The variance of this internal DIOD depends on the background state in the Indian Ocean, modulated by the thermocline depth off Sumatra/Java.

The Clinical Evaluation of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Axillary Osmidrosis

Background: Traditional treatment of axillary odour is the surgical removal of skin and subcutaneous tissue along the edge of the axillary hair in a fusiform shape, which requires the restriction of upper limb activity, has large scars and a high recurrence rate. Minimally invasive methods have developed in recent years. The subcutaneous trimming method with small incision reduces the incision compared to traditional incision, but still requires skin incision, which does not achieve true, minimally invasive treatment. Simple negative pressure suction is difficult to destroy the sweat glands and sebaceous glands in the dermis layer. Thus, we hypothesized that combination of three minimally invasive methods might be more effective. Objective: To explore the clinical effect of combined treatment of axillary osmidrosis by three minimally invasive methods of microwave, scraping & suction and scratching. Methods: From October 2015 to October 2020, 80 patients with underarm odor were enrolled and lacal swelling anesthetic was applied. Microwave was used to treat sweat glands and sebaceous glands in the dermis following the pores. The curettage-aspiration was used to scrape and suck the apocrine sweat glands in the subcutaneous fat layer and the junction between the subcutaneous fat and dermis. To achieve the purpose of minimally invasive and thorough treatment of underarm odor, the spoon scraped the remaining sweat gland tissue. Results: Among 80 patients on 160 sides, all cases (100.00%) were cured on 160 sides at 1 month post-operative follow-up, 75 cases (93.75%) were cured on 150 sides, 5 cases (6.25%) on 5 sides were ineffective at 6-month post-operative follow-up, 74 cases (92.50%) were cured on 148 sides, 6 cases (7.50%) on 5 sides were ineffective at 1-year post-operative follow-up. Complications occurred in 5 cases (6.25%) after operation: 2 cases (2.50%) with skin necrosis on 3 sides, 1 case (1.25%) with uneven skin on 2 sides, 1 case (1.25%) with axillary abscess on 2 sides, and 1 case (1.25%) with keloids on 2 sides. Conclusion: The combination of three minimally invasive methods of microwave, scraping & suction and scratching to treat underarm odor is simple operation, has high cure rate, quick postoperative recovery, and few complications. It is an effective method for minimally invasive and thorough treatment of underarm odor in clinic.

脾多肽对化疗所致血小板减少症雌鼠的疗效及促血小板生成的机制研究

目的研究脾多肽注射液对化疗所致血小板减少症的作用及其血小板生成机制。方法将85只健康昆明雌鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)阳性对照组、脾多肽注射液低剂量组、脾多肽注射液高剂量组。模型组、给药组第1天单次腹腔注射70 mg/kg卡铂复制血小板减少症模型,正常组注射生理盐水。第2天起,不同药物连续干预15 d,并于化疗前以及化疗后第2~16天隔天尾部取血计数血小板;化疗后第8天采用瑞氏-吉姆萨染色骨髓巨核细胞,显微镜观察其形态和数量,采用流式细胞术检测骨髓巨核细胞百分率,酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清干细胞因子(SCF)、促血小板生成素(TPO)水平。结果各组雌鼠化疗前及化疗后2 d、4 d、6 d、8 d、10 d、12 d、14 d、16 d血小板计数比较,经重复测量设计的方差分析,结果:①不同时间点血小板计数变化有差异(F=22.413,P=0.000);②各组血小板计数有差异(F=6.822,P=0.006);③各组血小板计数变化趋势有差异(F=6.326,P=0.008)。镜下观察巨核细胞细胞核及胞体较其他细胞大,且随着巨核细胞的成熟,核多为不规则形态,胞质愈丰富。细胞染色后,深紫色部分为核,浅紫色部分为胞质。模型组骨髓巨核细胞数量和百分率低于正常组(P<0.05),rhTPO阳性对照组高于模型组(P<0.05),脾多肽注射液高剂量组高于模型组(P<0.05)。模型组SCF、rhTPO水平高于正常组(P<0.05),脾多肽注射液高剂量组SCF水平低于模型组(P<0.05),rhTPO阳性对照组rhTPO水平低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论60 mg/(kg·d)脾多肽注射液能有效改善卡铂化疗所致雌鼠血小板减少症,可能与调节血清SCF因子恢复至正常水平及上调骨髓巨核细胞数量有关。