cAMP抑制核盘菌菌核形成的差异基因表达分析

【目的】探究核盘菌响应环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)处理的转录组学特征,挖掘调控核盘菌菌核形成的关键基因,为靶向杀菌剂的研发提供参考。【方法】以接种在PDA培养基上生长至菌核原基形成时期的核盘菌作为CK1,开始形成黑色素时期的核盘菌作为CK2,以接种在PDA+5 mmol/L cAMP培养基上生长相同时间(5,7 d)的核盘菌作为试验组,依次命名为M1和M2,对这4组样品进行转录组测序(RNA-seq)比较,阐释cAMP影响菌核形成的调控途径,挖掘菌核原基及菌核黑色素形成中的差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs)。【结果】外源添加的cAMP主要在M1前期影响胞内的cAMP含量。差异表达基因分析结果显示,M1和CK1之间共有681个差异表达基因;KEGG富集分析显示,这些基因主要参与各类氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸代谢、MAPK信号通路等,且通路中的大部分基因都呈上调表达模式,而MAPK及其下游作用因子钙调磷酸酶B亚基(calcineurin B subunit,CnB)和热休克蛋白70(heat shock 70 ku protein,HSP70)则明显下调。M2和CK2之间共筛选到4490个差异表达基因,主要参与各类氨基酸代谢、抗原加工提呈以及cAMP、MAPK等信号通路和自噬途径,通路中的大部分基因呈上调表达模式,且自噬相关因子ATG2、ATG20、ATG22、ATG23、ATG27和ATG29也大量上调表达,而与蛋白质和脂类合成相关的磷酸酶B(phosphatase B,PTPB)和酰基辅酶A氧化酶(acyl coenzyme A oxidase,ACO)的表达量则明显下调。在M1和M2时期,相关基因的qRT-PCR与RNA-seq差异表达分析结果趋势相同,说明转录组测序数据准确。【结论】核盘菌可通过吸收胞外高浓度的cAMP抑制菌核形成菌丝,其抑制作用主要通过影响相关蛋白质及脂类物质的合成而对菌丝形态及信号传递造成障碍。

干旱胁迫下哈茨木霉对烟草幼苗生理指标的影响

为了探究干旱胁迫下哈茨木霉对烟草幼苗生理指标的影响,以烤烟品种K326为试验材料,采用蘸根法进行哈茨木霉处理,用不同浓度(10%、20%)聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟不同程度(轻度、中度)的干旱胁迫,用沙培法研究不同程度干旱胁迫下哈茨木霉对烟草幼苗表型、叶片相对含水率、根系发育、光合色素含量、膜脂过氧化指标、渗透调节物质含量、保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,在正常清水处理条件下,哈茨木霉蘸根处理相比于清水条件更能够促进烟株生长,提高叶片相对含水率,促进根系发育,如总根长、投影面积、根表面积、分枝数、连接数等指标,增加烟叶中叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量,降低烟叶中过氧化氢、丙二醛含量,增加烟叶中脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量,提升烟叶中过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性。与清水对照相比,在轻度、中度干旱胁迫下,烟株变黄萎蔫,相对叶片含水率降低,总根长、投影面积、根表面积、连接数受到抑制,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量减少,过氧化氢和丙二醛含量增加,脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量增加,过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性增加。在轻度和中度干旱的条件下,与同等程度干旱胁迫条件相比,哈茨木霉蘸根处理能够明显改善烟叶萎蔫变黄现象,增加叶片相对含水率,促进根系发育,如总根长、投影面积、根表面积、连接数,提高绿素a、叶绿素b、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量以及过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性,降低过氧化氢和丙二醛含量。由研究结果可以看出,不同程度干旱胁迫均可对烟株造成不同程度的损伤,哈茨木霉蘸根处理可促进烟草发育、提高烟草的抗旱性,从而降低干旱胁迫对烟草造成的危害。

不同配方高碳基肥对靖西烤烟生长和产质量的影响

为探究不同配方高碳基肥对靖西烟区烟草生长和产质量的影响,确定一种适宜靖西烟区的高碳基有机肥配方。在靖西市进行大田试验,以云烟87为材料,试验设置4个处理:商品牛粪有机肥(CK);商品高碳基肥(T1),八角渣高碳基肥(T2),牛粪高碳基肥(T3),研究不同配方高碳基肥对烟草生长发育和产质量的影响。结果表明:在靖西市大田试验中,牛粪高碳基肥处理(T3)相比于商品牛粪有机肥处理(CK)株高提升5.28%,叶片增加1.05%,茎围增加1.14%,叶长、叶宽和叶面积分别增加3.09%、11.23%和14.67%;叶片酶活性及丙二醛含量中,商品高碳基肥处理(T1)酶活性相比于T2和T3处理较高,八角渣高碳基肥处理(T2)丙二醛含量最高;从外观质量评价来看,各处理总评分相差不大,高碳基肥有助于提高C3F等级烤后烟外观质量分数,商品高碳基肥处理(T1)相对较好;从烤后烟物理特性来看,牛粪高碳基肥处理(T3)表现最好,相比于商品牛粪有机肥处理(CK)上部叶的叶长和叶宽分别增加约2.00 cm和2.70 cm,含梗率降低1.40%,抗张力提高0.17 N/cm 2,中部叶的叶长和叶宽分别增加1.50 cm和3.00 cm,含梗率降低1.70%,抗张力提高0.17 N/cm 2;从烤后烟化学成分来看,八角渣高碳基肥处理(T2)相比于商品牛粪有机肥处理(CK)B2F、C3F等级烤后烟的总糖分别增加6.75%和6.99%,还原糖分别增加6.60%和7.29%,钾含量提高0.13%和0.04%,糖碱比分别增加27.04%和34.17%;从产量产值来看,八角渣高碳基肥处理(T2)为最优处理,亩产量达到141.88 kg/亩,亩产值达到3809.48元/亩,均价达到26.85元/kg,上等烟比例达到62.87%。综合靖西市大田试验中不同处理烟草生长发育和产质量分析,八角渣高碳基肥施肥方式(T2)更适宜在靖西烟区推广。

Current landscape of preoperative neoadjuvant therapies for initial resectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis

Colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)presents a clinical challenge,and optimizing treatment strategies is crucial for improving patient outcomes.Surgical resection,a key element in achieving prolonged survival,is often linked to a heightened risk of recurrence.Acknowledging the potential benefits of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in managing resectable liver metastases,this approach has gained attention for its role in tumor downsizing,assessing biological behavior,and reducing the risk of postoperative recurrence.However,the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in initially resectable CRLM sparks ongoing debates.The balance between tumor reduction and the risk of hepatic injury,coupled with concerns about delaying surgery,necessitates a nuanced approach.This article explores recent research insights and draws upon the practical experiences at our center to address critical issues regarding considerations for initially resectable cases.Examining the criteria for patient selection and the judicious choice of neoadjuvant regimens are pivotal areas of discussion.Striking the right balance between maximizing treatment efficacy and minimizing adverse effects is imperative.The dynamic landscape of precision medicine is also reflected in the evolving role of gene testing,such as RAS/BRAF and PIK3CA,in tailoring neoadjuvant regimens.Furthermore,the review emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to navigate the comp-lexities of CRLM.Integrating technical expertise and biological insights is crucial in refining neoadjuvant strategies.The management of progression following neoadjuvant chemotherapy requires a tailored approach,acknowledging the diverse biological behaviors that may emerge.In conclusion,this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the considerations,challenges,and advancements in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for initially resectable CRLM.By combining evidencebased insights with practical experiences,we aspire to contribute to the ongoing discourse on refining treatment paradigms for improved outcomes in patients with CRLM.

The state-of-the-art of atmospheric pressure plasma for transdermal drug delivery

Plasma-enhanced transdermal drug delivery(TDD) presents advantages over traditional methods,including painless application, minimal skin damage, and rapid recovery of permeability. To harness its clinical potential, factors related to plasma’s unique properties, such as reactive species and electric fields, must be carefully considered.This review provides a concise summary of conventional TDD methods and subsequently offers a comprehensive examination of the current state-of-the-art in plasma-enhanced TDD. This includes an analysis of the impact of plasma on HaCaT human keratinocyte cells, ex vivo/in vivo studies, and clinical research on plasma-assisted TDD. Moreover, the review explores the effects of plasma on skin physical characteristics such as microhole formation, transepidermal water loss(TEWL), molecular structure of the stratum corneum(SC), and skin resistance. Additionally, it discusses the involvement of various reactive agents in plasma-enhanced TDD, encompassing electric fields,charged particles, UV/VUV radiation, heat, and reactive species. Lastly, the review briefly addresses the temporal behavior of the skin after plasma treatment, safety considerations, and potential risks associated with plasma-enhanced TDD.

A Blockchain-Based Efficient Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is extensively deployed in outdoor and open environments to effectively address traffic efficiency and safety issues by connecting vehicles to the network.However,due to the open and variable nature of its network topology,vehicles frequently engage in cross-domain interactions.During such processes,directly uploading sensitive information to roadside units for interaction may expose it to malicious tampering or interception by attackers,thus compromising the security of the cross-domain authentication process.Additionally,IoV imposes high real-time requirements,and existing cross-domain authentication schemes for IoV often encounter efficiency issues.To mitigate these challenges,we propose CAIoV,a blockchain-based efficient cross-domain authentication scheme for IoV.This scheme comprehensively integrates technologies such as zero-knowledge proofs,smart contracts,and Merkle hash tree structures.It divides the cross-domain process into anonymous cross-domain authentication and safe cross-domain authentication phases to ensure efficiency while maintaining a balance between efficiency and security.Finally,we evaluate the performance of CAIoV.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed scheme reduces computational overhead by approximately 20%,communication overhead by around 10%,and storage overhead by nearly 30%.

西藏冈底斯南缘阿扎乡古新世花岗闪长岩地质特征及成矿潜力评价

西藏冈底斯岩浆弧带是我国重要的铜矿资源产地。研究区位于南冈底斯斑岩铜矿带东段克鲁铜金矿床西侧,古新世岩浆活动较为强烈,但如此强烈的岩浆活动与铜矿的关系究竟如何?其是否具有好的成矿潜力?解决这些问题对指导该地区的找矿工作具有重要的意义。基于此,本文通过年代学、岩石地球化学、锆石同位素分析了花岗闪长岩的岩浆起源、岩石成因及形成的构造环境,并结合氧逸度分析成矿潜力。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,岩体形成于古新世(64.55±0.93 Ma),岩石属钙碱性系列,稀土元素总量∑REE(包括Y元素)平均为94.01×10^(-6),富集K、U、Rb、Ba和轻稀土(LREEs),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr和重稀土(HREEs),无明显Eu负异常。Rb/Sr比值平均为0.20,Nb/Ta比值平均为11.89,锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为+10.7~+13.3,t_(DM2)变化于285.5~453.4 Ma,I_(A)=490,I_(T)=484,岩体中锆石结晶温度大约在700℃,显示岩浆来源于俯冲环境新生地壳的部分熔融,并有少量幔源物质加入,具典型的I型花岗岩特征,推断其形成于挤压俯冲碰撞前的弧构造环境。结合高氧逸度、地幔物质以及流体的贡献,可推知该地区具有良好的深部铜金资源成矿潜力。

Left ventricular thrombosis caused cerebral embolism during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: A case report

BACKGROUND Venoarterial(VA)extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective short-term circulatory support method for refractory cardiogenic shock,is widely applied.However,retrospective analyses have shown that VA-ECMO-assisted cases were associated with a relatively high mortality rate of approximately 60%.Embolization in important organs caused by complications of left ventricular thrombosis(LVT)during VA-ECMO is also an important reason.Although the incidence of LVT during VA-ECMO is not high,the consequences of embolization are disastrous.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female patient was admitted to hospital because of fever for 4 d and palpitations for 3 d.After excluding the diagnosis of coronary heart disease,we established a diagnosis of“clinically explosive myocarditis”.The patient still had unstable hemodynamics after drug treatment supported by VA-ECMO,with heparin for anticoagulation.On day 4 of ECMO support,a left ventricular thro-mbus attached to the papillary muscle root of the mitral valve was found by transthoracic echocardiography.Left ventricular decompression was performed and ECMO was successfully removed,but the patient eventually died of multiple cerebral embolism.CONCLUSION LVT with high mobility during VA-ECMO may cause embolism in important organs.Therefore,a"wait and see"strategy should be avoided.

Small cell lung carcinoma with KIF5B-RET fusion partially responded to the 4^(th)-line therapy with anlotinib:A case report

BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)exhibits a pronounced tendency for metastasis and relapse,and the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy,leading to complexity in treatment outcomes.It is crucial to tackle these challenges by advancing targeted therapeutic approaches in ongoing research endeavors.Variant RET fusions have been reported in several solid tumors,but are rarely reported in SCLC.CASE SUMMARY We present the first case of a KIF5B-RET fusion in a 65-year-old male patient with SCLC.To date,the patient has received the 4th line chemotherapy with anlotinib for one year and has shown a sustained favorable partial response.According to the results of next generation sequencing,this SCLC patient harbors the KIF5BRET fusion,suggesting that RET fusion could serve as a promising molecular target for SCLC treatment.Next-generation sequencing(NGS)plays a critical rolein comprehensively assessing the genotype and phenotype of cancer.CONCLUSION NGS can provide SCLC patients with personalized and targeted therapy options,thereby improving their likelihood of survival.

An Adaptive Control Strategy for Energy Storage Interface Converter Based on Analogous Virtual Synchronous Generator

In the DC microgrid,the lack of inertia and damping in power electronic converters results in poor stability of DC bus voltage and low inertia of the DC microgrid during fluctuations in load and photovoltaic power.To address this issue,the application of a virtual synchronous generator(VSG)in grid-connected inverters control is referenced and proposes a control strategy called the analogous virtual synchronous generator(AVSG)control strategy for the interface DC/DC converter of the battery in the microgrid.Besides,a flexible parameter adaptive control method is introduced to further enhance the inertial behavior of the AVSG control.Firstly,a theoretical analysis is conducted on the various components of the DC microgrid,the structure of analogous virtual synchronous generator,and the control structure’s main parameters related to the DC microgrid’s inertial behavior.Secondly,the voltage change rate tracking coefficient is introduced to adjust the change of the virtual capacitance and damping coefficient flexibility,which further strengthens the inertia trend of the DC microgrid.Additionally,a small-signal modeling approach is used to analyze the approximate range of the AVSG’s main parameters ensuring system stability.Finally,conduct a simulation analysis by building the model of the DC microgrid system with photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage(BES)in MATLAB/Simulink.Simulation results from different scenarios have verified that the AVSG control introduces fixed inertia and damping into the droop control of the battery,resulting in a certain level of inertia enhancement.Furthermore,the additional adaptive control strategy built upon the AVSG control provides better and flexible inertial support for the DC microgrid,further enhances the stability of the DC bus voltage,and has a more positive impact on the battery performance.

Automatic SOC Equalization Strategy of Energy Storage Units with DC Microgrid Bus Voltage Support

In this paper,an improved sag control strategy based on automatic SOC equalization is proposed to solve the problems of slow SOC equalization and excessive bus voltage fluctuation amplitude and offset caused by load and PV power variations in a stand-alone DC microgrid.The strategy includes primary and secondary control.Among them,the primary control suppresses the DC microgrid voltage fluctuation through the I and II section control,and the secondary control aims to correct the P-U curve of the energy storage system and the PV system,thus reducing the steady-state bus voltage excursion.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy effectively achieves SOC balancing and enhances the immunity of bus voltage.The proposed strategy improves the voltage fluctuation suppression ability by approximately 39.4%and 43.1%under the PV power and load power fluctuation conditions,respectively.Furthermore,the steady-state deviation of the bus voltage,△U_(dc) is only 0.01–0.1 V,ensuring stable operation of the DC microgrid in fluctuating power environments.

冀东中部稀有金属花岗伟晶岩的发现及意义

冀东地区位于华北克拉通北缘东段马兰峪复式背斜,是中国北方重要的内生金属成矿区。最近,在冀东中部新发现了一系列LCT型和NYF型稀有金属花岗伟晶岩,同空间伴生绢英岩化蚀变岩和稀有金属石英脉,成矿元素包括Ag、Au、Rb、Li、Nb、Zr、HREE、Th等。LCT型花岗伟晶岩包括锂云母/白云母花岗伟晶岩和天河石花岗伟晶岩,Rb_(2)O含量最高可达0.43%,最低为0.06%;Li_(2)O分布不均,仅在锂云母花岗伟晶岩中富集,最高可达0.33%。NYF型电气石花岗伟晶岩主要富集Nb,局部富集电气石,Nb含量为0.05%~0.06%,Ta含量很低,ThO_(2)含量为0.02%~0.05%。同空间的绢英岩化蚀变岩Rb_(2)O含量为0.06%~0.15%,Li_(2)O含量为0.07%~0.22%,局部含金,最高品位可达1.57×10^(-6);稀有金属石英脉,Nb_(2)O_(5)含量为0.06%~0.50%,富集Zr、重稀土、Th、U、Ag,其中Ag品位为18.2×10^(-6)~160.0×10^(-6)。初步地球化学分析认为,岩浆的成分变化以及岩浆-流体作用可能是研究区稀有金属花岗伟晶岩成矿的关键。

一株猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(FHV-1)的分离鉴定及攻毒模型建立

从一只临床表现为流脓涕、打喷嚏的猫身上分离出一株猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(Feline herpesvirus typeⅠ,FHV-1),使用F81细胞进行分离,并通过PCR、透射电镜和糖蛋白D(gD)基因序列分析来鉴定病毒。通过PCR方法从猫的鼻分泌物中扩增出1125 bp的gD基因。序列分析表明,该分离株与从GenBank获得的其他FHV-1毒株属于同一家族。随后在接种猫鼻分泌物的F81细胞的培养上清中观察到有包膜和直径约120 nm左右的疱疹样病毒颗粒。将分离获得的FHV-1病毒感染2~3月龄蓝猫,成功建立动物实验模型,感染后的猫出现脓性的眼鼻分泌物,打喷嚏等临床症状,且一周内持续排毒。该分离株为FHV-1的病原学研究提供了重要的数据,也为猫鼻气管炎疫苗候选株的筛选和疫苗的研发奠定了基础。

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Caused COVID-19 Related Otitis Media Is Commonly Existed with Good Prognosis

Otitis media with effusion is a common disease in otolaryngology. Bacteria are the most common pathogen of otitis media with effusion, and other factors such as viruses have also been reported. The present study is aimed to investigate whether the increasing otitis media cases recently is correlated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the COVID-19-related otitis media is commonly existed. Thirty-two patients with otitis media were enrolled Blood cell analysis, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 test bacterial and fungal cultures were tested. Nine patients were identified with positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in middle ear discharge. All the subjects had the common symptoms of stuffy ear, hearing loss, and echoacousia. No positive results were found in cultures for bacterial and fungus of middle ear discharge. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly up-regulated in positive cases (P = 0.0335). The levels of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) were higher in positive cases. There were no significant differences of age, gender and prothrombin time (PT) between positive and negative cases. Nasal sprays, ciliary stimulants, and prophylactic antibiotics or low-dose steroid treatments were sequentially used in the otitis media patients caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. All the patients had improvements of typical symptoms within two to four weeks during the following-up. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection caused COVID-19 related otitis media is commonly existed, and the prognosis is good after treatments.

Effect of Two Substrate Types on Feeding Efficiency by Juvenile Chinese Sturgeon Acipenser sinensis on Barcheek Goby Rhinogobius giurinus

We conducted experiments in an artificial stream tank with wild juvenile Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis captured in the Yangtze Estuary to test the null hypothesis that their feeding efficiency on Barcheek goby Rhinogobius giurinus was not affected by sand vs. smooth glass substrate. Gobies are among the most common prey eaten by wild juvenile A. sinensis in the estuary. Test results found neither substrate type significantly affected feeding efficiency by juveniles. Previous research found a strong innate habitat preference of A. sinensis for sand substrate. The present results indicate that the preference for sand is not related to efficiently capturing R. giurinus on sand, but is an adaptation predisposing juvenile A. sinensis to seek sandy substrate where R. giurinus and other benthic forage are the most abundant in the Yangtze Estuary.

超声引导下喉上神经阻滞联合ZX-KSHJ可视喉镜在肥胖患者清醒气管插管中的应用效果

目的 探讨超声引导下喉上神经阻滞联合ZX-KSHJ可视喉镜在肥胖患者清醒气管插管中的应用效果。方法 选择2018年1月-2020年1月该院收治的120例拟行气管插管全身麻醉的肥胖患者作为研究对象,使用随机数表法将患者分为两组,每组各60例。观察组采用超声引导下喉上神经阻滞联合ZX-KSHJ可视喉镜气管插管,对照组采用超声引导下喉上神经阻滞联合传统光学喉镜气管插管。观察两组患者声门显露成功率、一次性气管插管成功率、总插管成功率、成功插管的平均插管时间、插管过程中呛咳发生率以及呛咳程度、血流动力学和插管相关并发症发生情况。结果 观察组声门显露成功率、一次性气管插管成功率高于对照组(P <0.05),成功插管的平均插管时间短于对照组(P <0.05),插管后1 min (T1)和5 min (T2)患者心率(HR)、无创收缩压(SBP)和无创舒张压(DBP)低于对照组(P <0.05),经皮动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)高于对照组(P <0.05),口腔出血、咽喉部损伤和气道损伤等并发症总发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 超声引导下喉上神经阻滞联合ZX-KSHJ可视喉镜气管插管,可提高肥胖患者声门显露成功率和一次性插管成功率,缓解血流动力学波动,减少插管相关并发症发生风险。

不同配方高碳基有机肥对广西主要烟区烟叶产质量的影响

[目的]研究适宜广西烟区的高碳基有机肥配方。[方法]采用不同施肥处理(不施肥、常规施肥、常规施肥配施不同配方高碳基肥)在广西百色、贺州和河池烟区进行大田试验。[结果]在百色烟区,常规施肥+八角高碳基肥料处理有助于烟株生长;能够促进烟草根系的发育,总根长、根体积、根尖数都高于对照;能够改善烤后烟化学成分,提高烤后烟的钾氯比、糖碱比;能够提高烤后烟经济指标,提高上等烟比例、产量、产值;pH在适宜范围之内;能够增加根围土硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷含量,相比于常规施肥增加55.29%、35.98%、43.86%。在贺州烟区,常规施肥+高碳基肥料3号处理有助于上部叶开片,叶长和叶宽相比于常规施肥增加了7和3 cm;促根系发育效果明显,根长和根体积相比于常规施肥分别增加了12.48%和52.53%;烤后烟化学成分更加合理,提高烤后烟含糖量,形成香甜味;B1F和B2F等级烤后烟所占比例达17.29%和35.47%,产值达32521.35元/hm^(2)。在河池烟区,常规施肥化肥氮减少10%+高碳基肥料7号有助于中上部叶开片,相比于常规处理,株高增加了11.93%,中上部叶的叶长和叶宽分别增加了11.34%、17.48%和11.61%、12.70%;促根系发育效果明显,根体积相比于常规施肥增加了18.39%;能够改善烤后烟化学成分,提高烤后烟的钾含量、钾氯比;上等烟比例达46.10%,产值达39520.95元/hm^(2)。[结论]在百色烟区常规施肥+八角高碳基肥料可以促进烟草生长发育,改善烤后烟化学成分,提高烤后烟经济性状,改善pH及增加速效养分含量,更适宜在百色烟区推广;在贺州烟区常规施肥+高碳基肥料3号可以促进上部叶的开片、根系发育,协调烤后烟化学成分,提高产值产量,更适宜在贺州烟区推广;在河池烟区常规施肥化肥氮减少10%+高碳基肥料7号可以促进上部叶开片、根系发育,协调烤后烟化学成分,提高产值,更适宜在河池烟区推广。

Med1对T细胞发育及CD4^(+)T细胞在免疫应答中分化的影响

目的:CD4^(+)T细胞在免疫应答过程中的分化受到由众多分子组成的复杂而精细的信号通路的调控,且调控T-bet表达的分子机制并未阐明。中介体复合物亚基1(mediator complex subunit 1,Med1)与多种辅助因子结合调节基因转录,促进细胞存活和增殖,影响恒定自然杀伤T细胞(invariant natural killer T cell,iNKT)的发育。本研究旨在探讨Med1对T细胞发育及CD4^(+)T细胞在免疫应答中分化的影响。方法:构建T细胞特异性敲除Med1基因(KO)小鼠(Med1F/FCD4cre^(+))并对其进行验证。采用流式细胞术检测KO组和对照(Con)组(Med1F/FCD4cre−)小鼠胸腺、脾和淋巴结中CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目;用淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒(lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus,LCMV)感染小鼠8 d后,检测小鼠脾中CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性(GP66^(+))CD4^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目、Th1细胞(Ly6c^(+)PSGL1^(+))占CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性CD4^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目、CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性CD4^(+)T细胞中Tbet的荧光强度。结果:KO组与Con组小鼠胸腺中CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目、脾和淋巴结中CD4^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但KO组脾和淋巴结中CD8^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目较Con组均显著降低(均P<0.05)。感染LCMV后,KO组与Con组小鼠脾中CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性CD4^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但KO组Th1细胞占CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性CD4^(+)T细胞的百分比及数目、CD4^(+)T细胞及抗原特异性CD4^(+)T细胞中T-bet的表达较Con组均显著降低(均P<0.05)。结论:T细胞中特异性敲除Med1基因不影响胸腺中CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)T细胞的发育,但是影响外周CD8^(+)T细胞的维持。在免疫应答中Med1基因缺失影响转录因子T-bet的表达,最终导致CD4^(+)T细胞向Th1细胞分化减少。

基于平行度误差补偿的多通道双晶单色器运动控制

针对新型多通道双晶单色器系统易受晶体片平行度误差影响导致性能失效的问题,提出一种迭代学习模型预测控制器(Iterative Learning Model Predictive Control,ILMPC)策略。该策略将主-从轴晶体片平行度误差转换为从轴电机的重复参考运动轨迹,采用ILC迭代消除周期性机械安装误差,再利用MPC对单个转动周期内从轴电机的随机性误差进行抑制。最终在单轴电机运动实验平台上对该策略进行轨迹跟踪验证。实验结果表明,在晶体片有效工作区间内从轴电机的位置跟踪误差达到1.44″,相比于PID控制、MPC、DOB+MPC以及ILC+PID组合控制器策略,分别降低了99.64%,98.52%,98.26%和73.33%。研究结果验证了所提出的ILMPC策略在补偿晶体片平行度误差和提高平行对准精度方面的有效性,该策略对于改善新型多通道双晶单色器性能具有较好的实际应用价值。

不同用量高碳基肥条施对百色烟草产质量的影响

研究不同用量高碳基有机肥条施对烟草生长和烟叶产值的作用效果,明确适宜百色烟区的高碳基有机肥配方。2019年在广西壮族自治区百色市隆林县和靖西市进行大田试验,高碳基肥条施用量分别设置为600、1050、1500 kg/hm^(2),与常规施肥对照,分析高碳基肥不同条施用量对烟草生长发育及产质量的影响。结果表明,在隆林县施肥处理为常规施肥+高碳基肥1050 kg/hm^(2)可有效提高烟株的株高、茎围、叶长、叶宽等指标,促进烟草生长发育;可明显提高烟株的平均根直径和总体积;能提高烤后烟的还原糖、钾、氯含量,提高烤后烟的糖碱比、氮碱比;明显提高烤烟产量、产值、均价及上等烟比例,适宜在隆林县推广。在靖西市施肥处理为常规施肥+高碳基肥用量为600 kg/hm^(2)时,可有效提高烟株的株高、节距、有效叶片数、上部叶叶长;可增加根系的总根长、总根表面积、平均根直径、根体积,促进根系发育;可提高烤后烟的总糖、还原糖、糖碱比、氮碱比;可增加产量、产值、上等烟比例,适宜在靖西市推广。